Class 11

The Convocation Address Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 5 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Lesson 5 Convocation Address Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 5th Lesson The Convocation Address Questions and Answers

Warm up

A. Work in pairs. Look at the mind map below and add a few other features of democracy you can think of. Share your answers with the class.

• e.g. sharing and caring
• Protecting nature
• Cleaning environment
• Doing one’s duties
• Enjoying freedom of speech

Answer:

• People
• Rights
• Majority
• Voting
• Individualism
• Politics

B. Given below is a list of items or features you find in a good school. Study the list and classify the items as individual and common.

(textbooks – uniform – smart class room – laboratory – competent teachers – library – mid-day meals – blackboard – stationery – play ground – sports equipment-washrooms)

Individual	Common
e.g. textbooks	play ground

Answer:

Individual	Common
e.g. textbooks	play ground
uniform	smart classroom
stationery	library
teachers	laboratory
mid-day meals	washroom
sports equipment	blackboard

C. Who provides these common facilities? Tick the appropriate source.

• Parents
• Educational institutions
• The Department of Education
• Social Service Organizations
• Other agencies

Answer:
The Department of Education provides these common facilities.

D. Discuss this aspect with your partner and share your views on how students can give back to society.

Students can do a lot in generating ideas which could be helpful to society. Many illiterate people and young children succumb to dengue, malaria, and other diseases as they don’t keep their surroundings clean. NSS, Red Cross, National Green Corps cadets can run successful campaigns to present the spread of such diseases. Water is the most precious wealth of the nation. People tend to waste it without realizing the sordid and potential threat of “zero water day” in Tamil Nadu if we don’t prevent the sand mafia’s from looting riverbed sand.

Besides, farmers do not use advanced scientific methods to make judicious use of water or water harvesting. As a result, their crops fail along with rainfall. More than double, the quantity of water, we beg from Karnataka goes and ends up in the Bay of Bengal. So, students could cite Kajender Singh, a water specialist who made parts of Rajasthan bloom due to water conservation techniques. To popularize water harvesting, judicious use of water and reduce pollution and enhance recycling practices, the student community can interact with a community, conduct rallies or campaigns, and be proud to be a part of the development of the nation.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Convocation Address Textual Questions

A. Based on your reading of the speech, answer the following questions briefly in a sentence or two.

Question 1.
Who does the speaker claim to represent?
Answer:
The speaker wishes to represent some of the cardinal principles enunciated by those who offered to graduates in the past. He remarks that his speech would bear the layman’s point of view to the findings of experts in various fields of education. He promises to annotate the speeches of great educationists for the benefit of the graduates.

Question 2.
Why are universities necessary for society?
Answer:
Universities, as the repositories of knowledge and nursing ground for the emissaries of thought wisdom and service, have got a prominent role to play (i.e) to equip graduates to better the society. Universities are necessary to trim, train, guide and lead the youth to the development task. It kindles sweet hopes but demands patience, perseverance, faith and confidence. He should have faith in himself and others. The faith should also be in his inherent ability to shoulder the responsibilities. The universities today have the responsibility to fashion out of the graduate an individual fitted and equipped for the task of making democracy fruitful and effective. So, universities are essential.

Question 3.
What was the role of scholars and poets in the olden days?
Answer:
Scholars and poets adorned the chambers of royalty or the gilded mansions of lords and nobles. Their wisdom was meant for the mansion, not for the market place. Poets and scholars were content to work in secluded spheres. Their work was to weave the costly fabric of philosophy or poetry which, in turn, was to be converted into dazzling garments for the select and the privileged royalty.

Question 4.
In what ways have universities improved society?
Answer:
Universities have improved society by training and guiding an individual before he is asked to do his duty as a citizen of a democracy.

Question 5.
Universities develop broad-mindedness. How does Dr. Radhakrishnan drive home this idea?
Answer:
The true spirit of democracy can be developed only in universities. A broad-minded person alone can appreciate other’s points of view and adjust ideological differences through discussions. In universities, a lot of opportunities are made available for debates. Friendly discussions provide ample scope for nurturing the broad-mindedness of the youth.

Question 6.
What should the youngsters aim in life after graduation?
Answer:
The youngsters should aim in life after graduation for an aristocracy of achievements arising out of a democracy of opportunities. As youngsters they should aim at toning up the society, bringing light into dark alleys sunshine into dingy places, solace into the afflicted, hope unto the despondent, and a new life into everyone.

Question 7.
How can a graduate give back to his/her society?
Answer:
The graduates are indebted to society for higher education. They need to replenish the social chest on which they have drawn largely as students. They can contribute to society, not in terms of material goods. But in terms of quality services, through services the graduates, can confer a rich benefit to humanity.

B. Based on your understanding, answer the following questions in three or four sentences each.

Question 1.
‘Wisdom was meant for the mansion, not for the market place’ What does this statement signify?
Answer:
During the monarchical or feudal days, universities had to train scholars and poets to adorn the chambers of royalty or the gilded mansions of the lords and nobles. Those were the days when eminent scholars were not asked to confront the problems of the masses. They were content to work in secluded places. So, the speaker says that their wisdom was meant for the mansion and not for the market place.

Question 2.
According to the speaker, how should Universities mould the students of the present day?
Answer:
Before asking graduates to do the duties as citizens of a democracy, the university must trim, train, guide and lead them to a task which kindles sweet hopes. It should also demand patience and perseverance from them. Universities should inculcate faith and confidence. Faith should be in the graduates and others to shoulder the responsibilities. The universities today should fashion out of them individuals fitted and equipped for the task of making democracy fruitful and effective.

Question 3.
How does Arignar Anna highlight the duties and responsibilities of graduates to society?
Answer:
The graduates must acquire the means of a decent living. But it should be the only objective. As their education is funded by the tax from poor people, they have an obligation to pay back to society if not in cash in terms of service. They must bring light into the dark alleys, sunshine into dingy places, solace into the affiliated hope unto the despondent, and a new life into everyone.

Question 4.
Students are instilled with some of the essential values and skills by the universities. Enumerate them.
Answer:
Universities instill the values of robust optimism, respect for democracy, and appreciation of others’ points of view. It also develops adjustment of differences through discussion; develop patience, perseverance, confidence, faith in themselves and others. They also instill confidence in their ability to shoulder responsibilities.

Question 5.
What are the hindrances a graduate faces in his/her way?
Answer:
The world sometimes dims the hopes of graduates and disturbs their determination. They come face to face with unpleasant kinds of practices contrary to their principles. Tyranny of all sorts stares at them. Self-seekers are enthroned and patient workers are decried. People with robust optimism are discouraged. These hindrances are faced by graduates on their way.

C. Answer the following questions, based on your understanding of the speech of Dr. Arignar Annadurai, adding your own ideas, in a paragraph of about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
How do Universities mould students apart from imparting academic education to them?
Answer:
Universities mould students by providing various opportunities to develop their soft skills and to develop values that would contribute to the process of nation-building. They enable graduates to develop patience and perseverance. They help them develop faith in their own inherent ability to shoulder responsibilities. They are oriented to become citizens of a democracy and repay to the society quality services which would reform the lives of the poor people.

They develop the true spirit of democracy among young graduates. They enable appreciation of others’ points of view. The graduates are also provided opportunities to adjust to differences through amicable discussions. The universities, apart from imparting education mould the students’ character and personality too.

“The quality of a university is measured more by the kind of student it turns out than the kind it takes in.”

Question 2.
The common men contribute to the maintenance of institutions of higher education. Explain this statement.
Answer:
Higher institutes of learning like universities require a lot of funds for their maintenance. These funds often come from the community’s taxes, through the Government students should remember the fact a good proportion of these funds come from farmers, peasants and coolies who did not enjoy even schooling facilities. These illiterates but cultured men willingly face discomforts to ensure better life for the younger generation. These common men contribute to the development and maintenance of institutes of higher education.

“Every child should have the opportunity to receive a quality education.”

Question 3.
How does the speaker highlight the importance of giving back to society?
Answer:
The graduates have drawn largely from the social chest. The largest taken from society needs to be replenished. If graduates fail to pay back, ordinary people’s coffer will be empty. The supervisor’s education enjoins greater responsibility to society. Apart from their own individual advancement, society has got a right to expect an adequate return from the graduates.

Society does not expect them to pay back in cash. But they must payback in terms of service. They should tone up society by bringing light into the dark alleys. They should herald sunshine into dingy places. They must give solace to the affiliated people. They should also give hope unto the despondent and thus ensure a new life unto everyone.

“We Must stop thinking of the individual and start thinking about what’s best for society.”

Question 4.
You were one of the fresh graduates at the convocation function of the University. You had the rare privilege of listening to the enlightening speech of Dr. Arignar Anna. Write a letter to your friend describing the core ideas of his speech and the impact of the speech
on you.
Answer:

3rd March, 20xx
Dear Tim,

I was lucky to be present when Dr. Annadurai gave the Convocation Address. Very rarely one gets such a lifetime opportunity. His genius was explicit in his talk. I could see a great leader and his concern for both the educated and unsung heroes fighting to eke out a living. At the outset, he greeted the graduates and thanked Annamalai University for the unique opportunity. His modesty was evident when he admitted that he was not adequately prepared to offer them appropriate guidelines to succeed but, as a layman, he could quote and annotate the ideas of experts connected to the field of education. He showered rich encomiums on the universities for being the repositories of thought, wisdom, and service. He admired the universities for their role in equipping the youth to better the society.

He compared the universities of feudal days which turned scholars into adornments of royalty but modem universities which are surely for the market and not for mansions. He explained that universities have a role in preparing the graduates to serve society apart from earning a decent living for themselves. He advises the graduates not to be daunted by the adverse and demotivating environment but to draw inspiration from Purananooru, our ancient classic, and overcome societal obstacles to serve the society in an exemplary manner. He completed his convocation address with the wish ‘May your life be a bright one and may its luster brighten the entire land’. The words of the great leader are still ringing in my memory.

With love
Your sincere friend
Joe

To
Tim Smith,
12, Sterling Road,
Chennai

Vocabulary

A. Based on your understanding of paragraphs 6 and 7, complete the mind map.

Answer:

B. Words belonging to the different semantic fields.

Question 1.
Now, read the following statements taken from Arignar Anna’s address:
Answer:
‘The role of the universities today is not cloistered and confined as in the past.
The highlighted word ‘universities’ is used in the field of education. Find other words pertaining to the field of education from the speech of Anna.
Graduate, convocation, theories, principles, annotations, point of view, experts, finding, knowledge, thought, wisdom, service, higher education, guide, lead.

C. Look at the following words and classify them according to their fields.

Clinical, orthopedic, dividend, operations, fertile, Carnatic, diagnostics, industries, keyboard, hacker, desktop, vocal, cultivation, organic, unplugged, disease, harvest, livestock, motherboard, investment, internet, proxy, recycle bin, orchestra, trade, hip-hop, uprooting, guitar, cure, contracts

Music
Agriculture
Computer
Commerce
Medicine

Answer:

Music	Carnatic Orchestra	Keyboard Hip hop	Vocal Guitar
Agriculture	Fertile Livestock	Cultivation Harvesting	Organic Uprooting
Computer	Internet Motherboard	Recycle bin Hacker	Desktop Proxy
Commerce	Trade contracts	Investment Divided	Industries
Medicine	Cure Diagnostics	Orthopaedic Clinical	Operations Disease

D. Words with different functions

Now, choose the appropriate words to complete the sentences. The first one is done for you.

(frame, guide, book, play, print, plan)

Question 1.
a. We usually _____ tickets for movies in advance.
b. Thirukkural is my favourite _____
Answer:
(a) book
(b) book

Question 2.
a. The _____ of the photo is broken.
b.We _____ questions on all topics.
Answer:
(a) frame
(b) frame

Question 3.
a. My teachers _____ me towards the path of success.
b. The tourist _____ explained the historical importance of the site.
Answer:
(a) guide
(b) guide

Question 4.
a. We enacted a humorous _____ in our school function.
b. The children _____ in the ground every afternoon.
Answer:
(a) play
(b) play

Question 5.
a. My _____ worked out well.
b. We should _____ our work well in advance.
Answer:
(a) plan
(b) plan

Question 6.
a. The _____ is not clear; we cannot read the sentences.
b.We _____ wedding cards here.
Answer:
(a) print
(b) print

E. A belief, attitude, theory, etc. that is referred to by a word ends with the suffix ‘-ism’. Here is a sentence from the speech of Dr. Annadurai: ‘I admit that the environment is such that even people with robust optimism will be discouraged and forced to take to the path of ease and comfort’.

The meaning of the word ‘optimism’ is the hopeful feeling that all is going to turn out well’. Match the ‘ism’ words with the appropriate meanings.

S.No.	Meanings	Words
I.	e.g. love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it	patriotism
2.	a brutal barbarous, savage act	nationalism
3.	the doctrine that your country’s interests are superior	egocentrism
4.	participating in sports as a hobby rather than for money	feminism
5.	belief that the best possible concepts should be pursued	criticism
6.	a serious examination and judgment of something	amateurism
7.	habitual failure to be present at work	barbarism
8.	a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women	idealism
9.	concern for your own interests and welfare	heroism
10.	exceptional courage when facing danger	absenteeism

Answer:

1. patriotism
2. barbarism
3. nationalism
4. amateurism
5. idealism
6. criticism
7. absenteeism
8. feminism
9. egocentrism
10. heroism

Listening Activity

Listen to the information about Vishalini and complete her profile with suitable words/ phrases.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.in)

Born in Tirunelveli, a small city of Tamil Nadu, in a middle-class family, Vishalini is no different from other children of her age who love watching cartoons, riding bicycles, and playing games; however, her IQ and intelligence is not of an average 11 -year-old girl. She is a child prodigy blessed with exceptional computer and analytical skills. According to reports, her IQ stands at 225, which is considerably higher than the previous Guinness World Record holder, Kim Ung-Yong, whose IQ is approximately 210. Vishalini’s wonderful accomplishments include the Microsoft Certified Professional and Cisco Certified Network Associate.

Vishalini holds the unique pride of addressing various International conferences as a Chief Guest and Keynote Speaker in the presence of delegates from various countries when she was an 11-year-old child. At the Google India Summit held in New Delhi, the international delegates from about 75 countries were astonished and astounded at Vishalini’s keynote address on ‘Cloud Computing in Google Apps for Education’. There she was also honoured as “The Youngest Google Speaker”. She is the recipient of five international awards. Vishalini, the pride of Tamil Nadu, is undoubtedly a wonderful girl.

Vishalini, hailing from (1) ________ in Tamilnadu is (2) ________ years old. She is endowed with an outstanding (3) ________ and (4) ________ skills. Her IQ is (5) ________ higher than the previous score of (6) ________ She has been the (7) ________ speaker in International conferences. At the Google India Summit, she was honoured as the youngest (8) ________ She is the recipient of (9) ________ international awards. This child prodigy is considered a (10) ________ girl.
Answer:

1. Tirunelveli
2. 11
3. computer
4. analytical
5. 225
6. Kim-ungyoug
7. keynote
8. Google speaker
9. five
10. wonder

Speaking Activity

Prepare a formal five-minute speech on the topic ‘The Importance of Education’ and deliver it at your School Assembly.

The importance of Education:

Good morning to one and all. Respected Principal, teachers, and my dear friends, I stand before you to speak my views on “The importance of education”. Education gives people the capacity to reason out and choose the best course of action for themselves. It gives them the necessary skills to earn a living. They often can invest the capital gained in schools and colleges to start industries or farms which can offer employment opportunities to their less fortunate kinsmen. Only educated folks can generate awareness among the masses against population explosion, pollution, and promote water harvesting practices to sustain life on earth. Those who are educated in the real sense have a passion for the upliftment of society. They always look for ways to repay the society which invested in their education.

They employ various strategies to enhance the quality or standard of living of laymen. Education teaches young men and women to accept different points of view without coming to blows. It provides them the capacity to appreciate the points of view of others and tolerate differences. Education develops the values of democracy, patience, and perseverance and also the soft skills required to face challenges in life. Immortal poet Thiruvalluvar said, “Those who are educated have a vision and the rest have two sores in the place of eyes. So, I conclude, education is important for all of us. I thank you all for the unique opportunity given to me to share my ideas on the importance of education.

Reading

Have you heard of Open Letters?
An open letter is a letter that is intended to be read by a wide audience, or a letter intended for ‘ an individual, but that is nonetheless widely distributed intentionally through newspapers and other media, such as a letter to the editor or a blog.

Sociologists, scholars, anthropologists, and historians have written open letters. Letters patent are another form of an open letter in which a legal document is both mailed to a person by the government and publicized so that all are made aware of it. Open letters can also be addressed directly to a group rather than any individual.

Reading such letters will also help to improve your vocabulary. Here are some easy ways to improve and expand your vocabulary.

• Read as much as you can. As you read, try to understand the meaning of new words from the context or by referring to a dictionary.
• When you refer to a dictionary, leam the pronunciation, meaning, synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives of the word.
• Note down the new words you leam for future reference.
• Make it a habit to leam one new word a day.
• Play word games such as word search, crossword, scrabble etc. to expand your vocabulary.
• Listen to conversations, leam and discover new words, and then start using them.

The following is a letter by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore to Mahatma Gandhi. Follow the diction, fluency, and style of the great Indian writer who has contributed excellent writings to Indian Literature. You can improve your vocabulary by familiarising some of the words used in the letter using a dictionary.

Gandhi Letter 23A: From Rabindranath Tagore
Shanti Niketan,

April 12, 1919.

Dear Mahatmaji,
Power in all its forms is irrational – it is like the horse that drags the carriage blindfolded. The moral element in it is only represented in the man who drives the horse. Passive resistance, a force which is not necessarily moral in itself, can be used against truth as well as for it. The danger inherent in all force grows stronger when it is likely to gain success, for then it becomes a temptation. I know your teaching is to fight against evil by the help of the good. But such a fight is for heroes and not for men led by impulses of the moment. Evil on one side naturally begets evil on the other, injustice leading to violence and insult to vengefulness.

Unfortunately, such a force has already been started, and either through panic or through wrath our authorities have shown us the claws, whose sure effect is to drive some of us into the secret path of resentment and others into utter demoralization. In this crisis you, as a great leader of men, have stood among us to proclaim your faith in the ideal which you know to be that of India, the ideal which is both against the cowardliness of hidden revenge and the cowed submissiveness of the terror-stricken…

I have always felt, and said accordingly, that the great gift of freedom can never come to a people through charity. We must win it before we can own it. And India’s opportunity for winning it will come to her when she can prove that she is morally superior to the people who rule her by their right of conquest. Armed with her utter faith in goodness she must stand unabashed before the arrogance that scoffs at the power of the spirit. And you have come to your motherland in the time of her need to remind her of her mission, to lead her in the true path of conquest, to purge her present-day politics of its feebleness which imagines that it has gained its purpose when it struts in the borrowed feathers of diplomatic dishonesty.

This is why I pray most fervently that nothing that tends to weaken our spiritual freedom may intrude into your marching line, that martyrdom for the cause of truth may never degenerate into fanaticism for mere verbal forms, descending into the self-deception that hides behind sacred names. With these few words for an introduction allow me to offer the following as a poet’s contribution to your noble work:

Give me the supreme courage of love,
this is my prayer,
the courage to speak,
to do, to suffer at thy will,
to leave all things or be left alone.

Give me the supreme faith of love,
this is my prayer,
the faith of life in death,
of the victory in defeat,
of the power hidden in the frailness of beauty,
of the dignity of pain that accepts hurt,
but disdains to return it.

Very sincerely yours,
Rabindranath Tagore

A. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Who according to Gandhi, can light against evil and how?
Answer:
One can fight against evil with the help of good. Such a fight is led by heroes like Gandhi himself.

Question 2.
What is Gandhiji’s ideal?
Answer:
Gandhi’s ideal is to observe passive resistance against the cowardliness of hidden revenge and the cowed submissiveness of terror.

Question 3.
According to Tagore, when will India get the opportunity to win the gift of freedom?
Answer:
According to Tagore, India’s opportunity of winning freedom will come to her when she can prove that she is morally superior to the people who rule by the right of conquest.

Question 4.
How does Tagore acknowledge Gandhi’s noble work?
Answer:
Tagore acknowledges the noble work of Gandhi in his poem. He appreciates the moral courage he had instilled in Indians to suffer at his will. He appreciates the faith of love, faith of life in death, of the victory in defeat, of the power hidden in the frailness of beauty, and of the dignity of pain that accepts hurt but disdains to return it.

Question 5.
Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following.
(a) a malevolent desire for revenge (para 1)
(b) tactful (para 2)
(c) despise (para 3)
Answer:
(a) vengefulness
(b) diplomatic
(c) disdain

Question 6.
Find words from the passage which are antonyms of the following.
(a) artificially (para 1)
(b) strength (para 2)
Answer:
(a) naturally
(b) feebleness

Grammar

A. Report on the following dialogue.

Prabhu: What are you doing here, Kiran? I haven’t seen you for a few months.
Kiran: I have just come back from my native town Virudhunagar.
Prabhu: Did you enjoy your vacation?
Kiran: Yes. I love the place. It is a clean and busy town.
Prabhu: Where did you go and what did you see?
Kiran: I went to Courtallam falls in Tenkasi.
Prabhu: Share some pictures of your trip.
Kiran: Sure. See you later.

Answer:

Prabhu asked Kiran what she was doing there and said that he hadn’t seen her for a few months. Kiran replied that she had just come back from her native town Virudhunagar. Prabhu asked her if she had enjoyed her vacation. Kiran replied affirmatively and added that she loved the place and it was a clean and busy town. Prabhu further required her where she had gone and what she had seen. Kiran replied that she had gone to Courtallam falls in Tenkasi. Prabhu requested her to share some of the pictures of her trip. Kiran agreed and bade farewell to him.

B. Virat Kohli, the Man of the Match and Man of the Series in the one-day international series between India and South Africa in February 2018 had this to say during the post-match presentation. India won the match by 8 wickets and won the series by 5 – 1, a historic win against South Africa on their home soil.

Rewrite his words in Reported Speech.

Question 1.
“It was a day I felt really good. Last game, I was not in the right kind of mindset. This is a beautiful place to bat under lights. That’s the idea behind bowling first. I like setting up for the short ball. It was a blessing in disguise, and they kept bowling short. I think the pitch got better to bat on under lights! It has been a roller coaster till now. People who are close to me deserve a lot of credit. Obviously, you want to lead from the front, and that’s a wonderful feeling.

I have got eight or nine years left in my career and I want to make the most of every day. It’s a blessing that I am healthy and getting to captain my country. They have shown great character – especially the two young spinners. The way the series went augurs well for us. We’re looking forward to the T20s. The tour is not over yet. After losing the Test series, I am talking to you. I am here talking to you after winning the ODI series.”

Answer:

lt was a day Kohli had felt really good. The previous game he was not in the right mindset. It was a beautiful place to bat under lights. That was the idea behind bowling first. He liked setting up for a short ball. It had been a blessing in disguise and they had kept bowling short. He thought that the pitch got better to bat on under lights. It had been a roller coaster till then. People who were close to him deserved a lot of credit. Obviously one would want to lead from the front and that was a wonderful feeling.

He had got eight or nine years left in his career and he wanted to make the most of it. It was a blessing that he was healthy and got to captain his country. They had shown great character, especially the two young spinners. The way the series had gone augured well for them. They were looking forward to the T20s. The tour was, not over yet. After having lost the test series, he had been talking to them. He was there talking to them after winning the ODI series.

C. Read the given passages and rewrite them in direct speech.

Question 1.
The cyclist warned the driver not to move his car till the police arrived. The driver pleaded that it was not his fault; he was ready to pay a hundred rupees to repair the damaged cycle. The cyclist refused the money and insisted that the police be called.
Answer:
The cyclist : Don’t move your car till the police arrive.
Car driver : Sir, it is not my fault. I’m ready to pay hundred rupees for repairing the damaged cycle.
The cyclist: I don’t want the money. I want to call the police

Question 2.
The striking workers demanded an increase in salary and asked for the withdrawal of all cases. They threatened to continue the strike if the demands were not met. The manager insisted on them calling off the strike and invited them for a discussion. He agreed to listen to their demands
Answer:
Workers: We demanded an increase in salary to withdraw all the cases.
Manager: Call off the strike
Workers: If our demands are not met, we will continue the strike.
Manager: I am willing to look into your demands, please come for a discussion.

Writing

Question 1.

Question (a)
Write an e-mail to your uncle thanking him for the gift that he had sent from abroad.
Answer:

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Sub: Thanks a lot for the gift!
Dear uncle,

I’m fine and I hope my e-mail finds you in robust health. Your gift exactly on my birthday was a bolt from the blue. You had remembered the promise you had made three months ago and sent a marvelous Lap Top. It is light but very cool. I am really proud of you. I pray to God that you get more success in your business venture abroad and help other helpless ’

children too.
Yours lovingly
S. Philip

Question (b)
Write an e-mail to a charitable trust requesting for a scholarship.
Answer:

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Sub: Seeking scholarship

Dear Sir,
I am Ritika about to complete my Std XI in Government Higher Secondary School, Nandhivaran. My father, the only breadwinner, got hurt in an accident. He was working in a private firm. My mom is a homemaker. I am at crossroads now. My mom has taken my dad to Nagercoil. I need to stay in a ladies’ hostel to continue my studies. Could you please consider my request favorably and release a scholarship till I complete my XII public exam – successfully. I hope to avail a Bank loan after I get my results.
Awaiting your favourable reply,

Yours sincerely,
S. Ritika
XI-BGGHSS,
Nandhivaran
Kanchipuram Dt.

Formal Letters

1. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper about the need to wear seat belts while driving. 18.03.2019 Virudhu Nagar

From
M. Kamaraj,
18, Anna Street,
Kabilan avenue,
Virudhu Nagar

To
The Editor in Chief,
The Hindu,
Mount Road Chennai Dear sir,

Sub: Importance of seat belts
I’m M. Kamaraj living in Virudhunagar. I have been reading every day about road accidents. Though the law-enforcing officers are making appeals to all car drivers to wear a seat-belt, very few do it. It is because cheap car engines start even when the driver has not attached the seat belt. Technically, advanced cars which are above 10 lakhs are better designed and wouldn’t budge if the driver doesn’t wear the seat-belt. Such cars have additional safety mechanisms such as air-pillows that prevent serious injuries in case of accidents. But the cheap cars crash and kill not only the drivers but also their loved ones.

Thrill kills! The government of India should insist on air-bags and technical viability of connecting seat belts to ignition points in a car to ensure the safety of all drivers of cars irrespective of the cost of the cars. I request you to publish this in all your city editions including that of Delhi. This may influence the Transport Minister of Government of India to take positive action on this.

Thank you,
Yours sincerely,
M. Kamaraj

To
The Editor in Chief
The Hindu
Mount Road, Chennai

2. Write a letter to the commissioner of the corporation complaining about the sanitary conditions of the street in your locality.

18.03.2019
Madurai

From
K. Lavanya MIG 14, Anna St,
Amma Colony, Shanthi Nagar Madurai

To
The Commissioner
Corporation of Madurai
Madurai -2
Sir,

Sub: Deteriorating sanitary conditions – a complaint I wish to submit the following painful facts for your consideration and immediate action. There are four big garbage bins kept in my street. For the past three weeks, your corporation vehicles have not come to clear the garbage. Now dust bins are overflowing. People are throwing garbage around the garbage bins. But the stench arising out of the accumulated garbage is nauseating. I’m really worried that some serious diseases may break out. Dengue is still causing anxiety among the residents of Madurai as it has already taken a toll on seven babies, two young boys, and three old men. Please instruct your officers to send vehicles immediately to collect the garbage and send your sanitary inspectors to sprinkle/spray disinfectants to ensure the prevention of infectious diseases like cholera too.

Thanking you in anticipation
Yours truly,
K. Lavanya

To
The Commissioner,
Corporation of Madurai
Madurai -2

3. Write a letter to a sports company ordering sports items for the Physical Education Department of your school.

15.7.2018
Alanganallur
From

M. Jothi,
Sports Secretary,
Government Girl HSS,
Alanganallur-625501

To
The Manager,
M.J. Sports Company,
Good shed Street,
Trichy-1
Sir,
Sub: Ordering sports goods
We propose to organize an Inter-school sports contest in November. We like to buy the following sports materials from you. Please send us the price of the items with the discount, you usually give for school. On delivery, we shall send the money by RTGS. Kindly send your bank account details and reply by e.mail to [email protected] Materials required

Kindly send the mail with your estimated price inclusive of transportation and GST. Looking forward to your prompt response.
With warm regards Yours sincerely
M. Jothi

To
The Manager,
M.J. Sports Company,
Good shed Street,
Trichy-1

4. Write a letter to the Chief Reservation Supervisor of Railways requesting him to grant a concession for your educational tour.

10.07.2018
Nanguneri
From

M. Prabu,
SPL.GHSS.
Nanguneri.

To
The Chief Reservation Supervisor,
Southern Railways,
Thirunelveli.

Sir,
Sub: GHSS- Educational tour to Bangalore requesting to grant concession – Reg.
I am M. Prabu studying in the XI-D section. I am the school pupil leader. I’ve been asked by my school Headmaster to work out the cost for our educational tour to Bangalore. A team of eighty students intends to go the Bangalore in the month of November. Could I request you to consider extending us concession? Please let us know either through a reply letter or by mail what would be the cost of all 80 tickets (to and fro) and the dates ideal for us to travel. We intend to stay in Bangalore for two days. Kindly check the availability in the 3rd week. If possible could you please request authorities to allot two bogies for us exclusively both ways? I have enclosed the name list of the students for your kind consideration. My e.mail id is [email protected]. An early reply will help me collect the money and meet you to book our onward and return journey.

Thank you,
Yours sincerely,
M. Prabu

To
The Chief Reservation Supervisor,
Southern Railways,
Thirunelveli.

5. Write a letter to the curator of the museum seeking permission for a school visit.

17.06.2018
Thindivanam

From
M. Padmavathy Class leader,
XI-C section,
GGHSS,
Thindivanam

To
The curator,
Museum
Egmore
Chennai

Sir,
Sub: GGHSS – Thindivanam seeking permission to visit the museum – Reg.
A team of SO students wishes to visit your museum on 17.08.2018. We will be coming on two buses. Kindly arrange a guide who can detail each exhibit with its relevance to Indian culture and Tamil History. I leam that curators can help children understand the importance of every exhibit in the museum and effortlessly relate it to the age it belongs to and its relevance to modem times. Could I request you to grant us permission to visit the museum on 17.08.2018 and get the benefit of your expert guidance and a well-experienced guide who can explain things well in Tamil?

Thank you,
Yours sincerely,
M. Padmavathy.

To
The curator,
Museum, Egmore
Chennai

Task:

(a) Respond to the following advertisements.

Classified Advertisement

WANTED 100 part-time Graphic Artists
Experienced in Photoshop and Indesign-
Salary negotiable. Apply to: MM Graphics,
Triplicane, Chennai – 5 or Mail your Resume to [email protected]
Answer:
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Sub: Applying for a part-time graphic artist
Dear Sir,

With reference to your advertisement in The Hindu for the post of 100 – part-time Graphic Artist with experience in Photoshop and Indesign. I hereby wish to apply for the same.

I am doing my second-year B.Sc. (Computer science) in SIEVT college as a part-time student from 4 to 9 p.m. Thereby I am free in the morning from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. I have a working knowledge too of Photoshop and Indesign. I have also completed a crash course CSC. Please find enclosed my resume for your kind perusal.

Resume

Name : A. Parveen
Father’s Name : K. Akbar
Date of birth : 02.04.1988
Language known : English, Hindi, Urdu & Tamil
Qualification : BSC II year, CSC (Doing) SSLC : 450/500 in Nirmala Girls Hr. Sec School, Triplicane in 2014 HSC : 1100/1200 in Nirmala Girls Hr. Sec school Triplicane in 2016
Technical Qualification : 3 months crash course Indesign in 2015-16 3 months crash course in Photoshop in 2016-17
Salary Expected: Rs. 12000/- P.M
Address For Communication: A. Parveen D/o. Akbar No. 18, Pallivasal Street, Triplicane Chennai. Email Id: [email protected]

Awaiting your e-mail
Yours sincerely,
A. Parveen

b. Block Advertisement

Female IELTS Teachers Required
Postgraduates in English with a minimum
of 3 years’ experience.
Must be bold and confident
Good salary, transport, and food allowance
provided, Apply to:
Arv Institute of Languages,
149B, Bose Road, Coimbatore
Ph: 98400 XXXXX
Email: [email protected]

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Sub: Applying for the post of IELTS teachers- Reg.

Sir

I am glad to learn that you have a position to handle IELTS Class. I got through IELT courses way back in 2015. I’ve been working as a language teacher in Millennium school near Airport. Though I am getting a decent salary, I wish to switch over to training. Training youngsters whose ambitions are sky-high is thrilling. Teaching English to adults is my forte. I’ve already been a trainer in the British council for a year. I’ve enclosed photocopies of my credentials for your reference. Send you a call letter to [email protected]. Looking forward to meeting you.

Yours sincerely,
K. Suguna.

Encl:
1. Resume
2. Photocopies of certificates

Resume

Name: K. Suguna
Date of birth : 03.03.1990
Address : No. 18, Kamban Street,
Ambattur,
Chennai.
Qualification: B.Ed -Teacher Education University 2015-2016 – 55%
MA English – University of Madras 2013-2014 – 60%
B.A. English – Women’s Christian College
Nungambakkam 2012-2013-58%
HSC – Presidency girls HSS Egmore 2008-09 – 80%
SSLC – Presidency girls HSS Egmore 2005-06 — 88%
Experience: Millennium school Alandur since June 2016
The salary drawn: Rs.20,000/- PM
Salary Expected: Rs. 30,000/-PM
Address For communication: [email protected]

Declaration
The details furnished above is a true letter to my knowledge. Looking forward to receiving your call letter
Date: 14.04.20xx
Location: XYZ

x x x x
Signature of the Candidate

Convocation Address About the Author

Dr. Conjccvaram Natarajan Annadurai (15 September 1909 – 3 February 1969), popularly called Arignar Anna was an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1967 – 69). He was a great orator and an acclaimed writer in Tamil. Jawaharlal Nehru hailed him as one of the greatest parliamentarians. He has published several novels, short stories and plays which incorporate political and social themes. C.N. Annadurai was awarded the Clubb Fellowship at Yale University, the first non-American to receive this honour. The same year he was awarded an honorary doctorate from Annamalai University.

Convocation Address Summary

Societal development happens only through the hard work of many unsung heroes. Those who develop their potential by drawing on the resources of society need to pay them back after they graduate. Dr. C. M. Annadurai conveyed his gratitude for inviting him to deliver the Convocation Address at Annamalai University in 1967. He wished the fresh graduates a prosperous future. He accepted that it was difficult to provide them with appropriate guidelines for success in life. However, he shared cardinal principles enunciated by those eminent scholars who had done so earlier. He chose to replay those ideas as a common man as he interpreted them without any sophistication of language. Universities in the past gave access to scholars and poets to adorn the chambers of royalty.

They were for the royal mansion and not for the market place. Today universities have the responsibility to fashion out of every individual fitted and equipped for the task of making democracy fruitful and effective. According to Dr. Radhakrishnan, “Universities ensure the democratic way of life for the future generations.” Though earning a decent living is an important objective, it shouldn’t be the only objective. The university graduate should feel indebted to the community. Universities are sustained by the revenue paid by peasants and poor people. Unless graduates replenish the social chest, it will become an empty offer.

The speaker was quite aware of the social challenges the graduates might face. He advised them to emulate men and women endowed with the spirit of service and carry on the crusade against poverty and other social ills. He was hopeful that Tamils, being the inheritors of a great culture will have the strength to overcome social challenges and serve society to the best of their abilities. He wished that they were bound to win and brighten the entire land.

Convocation Address Glossary

Textual:

• autocracy – government by one ruler
• cloistered – restricted
• conferred – granted a title, degree, benefit or right
• confronting – aggressively resisting
• crusade – campaign for a good cause/holy war
• despondent – depressed, frustrated
• emissaries – deputies
• endowed – gifted
• enunciated – spoke clearly
• eschewed – have nothing to do with
• feudal – having to do with the Middle Ages, old
• indebted – obliged to repay
• inherent – inborn
• inheritors – successors
• lustre – glow of reflected light
• perils – dangers and risks
• perseverance – continued effort, steadfastness
• reiterate – say or do again
• replenish – refill
• repositories – storehouses
• ruggedness – strength, toughness
• secluded spheres – isolated areas
• sermons – speeches on moral subjects
• tillers – persons who produce crops / raise animals, cultivators
• toilers – workers, people who perform

Additional:

• appropriate – suitable
• cardinal (adj) – most important
• concern -worry
• eminent – famous
• emulate – follow
• gratitude – thanks
• indebted – bound
• peasant – poor farmers
• prosperous -rich
• responsibility – obligation
• sophistication – refinement

Convocation Address Synonyms

Choose the correct synonyms from the options given below. (Exam model)

Question 1.
A student embarks on a career after graduation.
(a) rupture
(b) begins
(c) completes
(d) summons
Answer:
(b) begins

Question 2.
Society has cradled and nurtured every graduate.
(a) sowed
(b) protected
(c) irrigated
(d) annoyed
Answer:
(b) protected

Question 3.
Graduation is the apt time to give back to society.
(a) misfit
(b) appropriate
(c) irrelevant
(d) ineligible
Answer:
(b) appropriate

Question 4.
I am thankful for the unique honour.
(a) common
(b) special/unusual
(c) drab
(d) conventional
Answer:
(b) special/unusual

Question 5.
This Institution has conferred on my honour.
(a) fielded
(b) granted
(c) defied
(d) withdraw
Answer:
(b) granted

Question 6.
I shall only reiterate some of the cardinal principles.
(a) repeat/say or do again
(b) suspend
(c) reexamine
(d) reciprocate
Answer:
(a) repeat/say or do again

Question 7.
Wise men have enunciated those principles in the past.
(a) beat about the bush
(b) confused
(c) asserted
(d) spoke harshly
Answer:
(c) asserted

Question 8.
I do claim to represent him in all his ruggedness.
(a) meekness
(b) weakness
(c) toughness
(d) feebleness
Answer:
(c) toughness

Question 9.
Universities are repositories of knowledge.
(a) rented houses
(b) own houses
(c) storehouses
(d) leased houses
Answer:
(c) storehouses

Question 10.
Universities are the nursing ground for the emissaries of thought.
(a) admirably
(b) adversary
(c) foe
(d) ambassador/deputies
Answer:
(d) ambassador/deputies

Question 11.
We have eschewed monarchy.
(a) embraced
(b) accepted
(c) avoided
(d) relinquished
Answer:
(c) avoided

Question 12.
We have stayed away from autocracy.
(a) dictatorship
(b) militarism
(c) mobs
(d) royalist
Answer:
(a) dictatorship

Question 13.
We have inaugurated the era of democracy.
(a) Self-government
(b) Monarchy
(c) Bureaucracy
(d) Autocracy
Answer:
(a) Self-government

Question 14.
During the feudal days, universities were different.
(a) old/middle ages
(b) recent
(c) future
(d) modem
Answer:
(a) old/middle ages

Question 15.
Eminent scholars were not asked to confront the problems of the masses.
(a) face/resist
(b) accept
(c) cowed down
(d) brow beaten
Answer:
(a) face/resist

Question 16.
They were content to work in secluded spheres.
(a) isolated
(b) swarmed
(c) crowded
(d) mobbed/congested
Answer:
(a) isolated

Question 17.
University today is not cloistered.
(a) liberated
(b) restricted
(c) limitless
(d) infinite
Answer:
(b) restricted

Question 18.
The task demands patience and perseverance.
(a) low effort
(b) persistence
(c) high loss
(d) heavy loss
Answer:
(b) persistence

Question 19.
Graduates should have faith in their inherent ability to shoulder responsibility.
(a) cultivated
(b) artificial
(c) inborn
(d) nurtured
Answer:
(c) inborn

Question 20.
Their philosophy was turned into the dazzling garments for the privileged.
(a) lackluster
(b) gloomy
(c) glaring
(d) dim
Answer:
(c) glaring

Question 21.
The immediate concern of every individual is to acquire the means for a decent living.
(a) kindness
(b) worry
(c) indifference
(d) love
Answer:
(b) worry

Question 22.
You are deeply indebted to the community.
(a) thankless
(b) grateful
(c) loud
(d) quiet
Answer:
(b) grateful

Question 23.
That revenue comes from tillers of the soil.
(a) manufactures
(b) farmers
(c) pollutants
(d) wasters
Answer:
(b) farmers

Question 24.
The toilers did not enjoy this privilege.
(a) bosses
(b) workers
(c) kings
(d) leaders
Answer:
(b) workers

Question 25.
You should replenish it.
(a) exhaust
(b) refill
(c) consume
(d) deplete
Answer:
(b) refill

Question 26.
You must return hope unto the despondent.
(a) empowered
(b) rejoiced
(c) depressed/frustrated
(d) energized
Answer:
(c) depressed/frustrated

Question 27.
The world will disturb your determination.
(a) instability
(b) laziness
(c) uncertainty
(d) firmness
Answer:
(d) firmness

Question 28.
The sermons would become sweet nothings. .
(a) doctrines
(b) poems
(c) dramas
(d) debates
Answer:
(a) doctrines

Question 29.
Tyranny of all sorts may stare at you.
(a) kindness
(b) autocracy
(c) love
(d) happiness
Answer:
(b) autocracy

Question 30.
A continuous stream of men and women are endowed with the spirit of service.
(a) narrated
(b) gifted
(c) withdrew
(d) submitted
Answer:
(b) gifted

Question 31.
These service-minded people have been carrying on the crusade successfully.
(a) campaign fight
(b) killing
(c) campaign
(d) strike
Answer:
(c) campaign

Question 32.
Tamil are the inheritors of the rich legacy of culture.
(a) proprietors
(b) owners
(c) successors/heirs
(d) legacy
Answer:
(c) successors/heirs

Question 33.
The legacy of culture enables us to overcome even the adverse environment.
(a) bequest
(b) curse
(c) bane
(d) perdition
Answer:
(a) bequest

Question 34.
You are adequately equipped.
(a) legitimately
(b) aptly
(c) sufficiently
(d) legibility
Answer:
(c) sufficiently

Question 35.
I am confident that you are being sent into the wide world.
(a) despondent
(b) hopeful
(c) desperate
(d) annoyed
Answer:
(b) hopeful

Convocation Address Antonyms

Choose the most appropriate antonyms for the underlined words. (Exam model)

Question 1.
A qualified student embarks on his career.
(a) boards
(b) lands/disembarks
(c) climbs
(d) takes off
Answer:
(b) lands/disembarks

Question 2.
Society has nurtured graduates.
(a) caned
(b) protected
(c) contemplated
(d) neglected
Answer:
(d) neglected

Question 3.
I intend to reiterate some of the cardinal principles enunciated by educational experts.
(a) spoken vividly
(b) faltered
(c) delivered
(d) articulated
Answer:
(b) faltered

Question 4.
I do represent him in all ruggedness.
(a) toughness
(b) tenderness
(c) strength
(d) might
Answer:
(b) tenderness

Question 5.
We have eschewed monarchy.
(a) avoided
(b) disturbed
(c) embraced
(d) dodge
Answer:
(c) embraced

Question 6.
It requires individual responsibility.
(a) personal
(b) modem
(c) classical
(d) empty
Answer:
(d) empty

Question 7.
It is the immediate concern of every individual.
(a) worry
(b) apprehension
(c) indifference
(d) anxiety
Answer:
(c) indifference

Question 8.
You are deeply indebted to society.
(a) grateful
(b) thankful
(c) obliged
(d) unaligned
Answer:
(d) unaligned

Question 9.
You need to replenish the social chest.
(a) fill
(b) refill
(c) require
(d) empty
Answer:
(d) empty

Question 10.
Turn despondent into optimistic citizens.
(a) desperate
(b) frustrated
(c) hopeless
(d) hopeless
Answer:
(d) hopeless

Question 11.
You are adequately equipped.
(a) sufficiently
(b) inadequately / insufficiently
(c) enough
(d) required
Answer:
(b) inadequately / insufficiently

Question 12.
They were content to work in secluded spheres.
(a) isolated
(b) congested
(c) interior
(d) inaccessible
Answer:
(b) congested

Question 13.
It is not just material advancement.
(a) progress
(b) backwardness
(c) development
(d) refinement
Answer:
(b) backwardness

Question 14.
In feudal days universities were different.
(a) old
(b) middle
(c) ancient
(d) modem
Answer:
(d) modem

Question 15.
Their wisdom meant for the selected was privileged.
(a) knowledge
(b) information
(c) intelligence
(d) foolishness
Answer:
(d) foolishness

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Prose

• The Portrait of a Lady Book Back Answers
• The Queen of Boxing Book Back Answers
• Forgetting Book Back Answers
• Tight Corners Book Back Answers
• The Convocation Address Book Back Answers
• The Accidental Tourist Book Back Answers

The Never – Never Nest Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 6 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Lesson 6 The Never – Never Nest Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 6th Lesson The Never – Never Nest Questions and Answers

Warm up

A. What are the essentials one needs to lead a comfortable life? Fill in the empty bubbles with some of them.

Answer:

B. List six gadgets that you want to purchase. Write them according to your priorities and state the reasons.

S.No.	Gadgets	Reasons
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Answer:

S.No.	Gadgets	Reasons
1.	Refrigerator	to preserve vegetables in shape
2.	Gas stove	to cook food quickly
3.	Micro oven	to bake things quickly
4.	Washing Machine	to wash clothes
5.	Television	to entertain self
6.	Mobile	for outside contact

C. Answer the following questions.

Question (a)
Do you think you can afford to buy all of these at once?
Answer:
No, we can’t afford to buy all gadgets at a time

Question (b)
We may not have money to buy all our wants at the same time. In such a situation, what are the options available?
Answer:
We can buy them on loan by paying equal monthly instalment schemes.

Question (c)
Expand EMI
Answer:
EMI – Equal Monthly Instalment

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English The Never – Never Nest Textual Questions

A. Reading Comprehension Questions:

Question 1.
What did Aunt Jane like about Jack’s ‘little nest?
Answer:
Aunt Jane liked the furniture, the car, the piano, the refrigerator and the radio in the house.

Question 2.
Aunt Jane seemed to think that there was a mistake in the wedding present she had given Jack. Why?
Answer:
Aunt Jane had given Jack and Jill just 200 pounds as wedding gift. But Jack claimed to have bought the house. He had the car and all gadgets at home. So, she wondered if she had given them 2000 pounds instead.

Question 3.
What would make Jack the owner instead of being the tenant?
Answer:
Paying ten pounds and a few quarterly payments have made Jack Mr. Owner of the house

Question 4.
What sounded absurd to Aunt Jane?
Answer:
Aunt Jane realized that the house and all the gadgets in Jacks’s home were bought on loan. He was paying EMI more than his salary. He was steadily borrowing to pay his EMI. So, living beyond the means sounded absurd for her.

Question 5.
How did Jack manage to pay seven pounds eighty and eighty pence out of six pounds? Jack managed to pay seven pounds eight and eight pence out of his salary of six pounds by borrowing the rest of the money from “Thrift and providence trust corporation”

Question 6.
What advice did Aunt Jane offer the couple?
Answer:
Aunt Jane advised Jack not to continue their borrowing spree. She gave them ten pounds to settle atleast one of their bills. –

Question 7.
For what purpose did Aunt Jill wish to use the cheque given by Aunt Jane?
Answer:
Jill wished to pay Dr. Martin who had helped her deliver the baby. She owed still 20 dollars more to him. She used ten dollars to pay the doctor.

Question 8.
‘Just one more instalment and BABY’S REALLY OURS!’ This tells us that the couple
Answer:
The couple did not even have sufficient money to pay the doctor’s bill when Jill delivered the baby. Jane had a guilty feeling that she should pay ten more pounds to claim the baby as “theirs”.

B. Answer the following questions in about a paragraph of 100 -150 words each:

Question 1.
Why is there a double negative in the title: The Never – Never Nest? Elucidate with reasons from the play.
Answer:
The title of the play ‘The Never- Never Nest’ has two never in it, ensuring that the nest would never be built. The double negative is emphasizing the impossibility of home The ‘nest in the title, literally refers to the home of birds. Birds make their home by collecting straws and twigs of various trees.

The nest acts as their temporary home as they do migration with respect to the changing weather conditions. Also, they are not safe, as different animals might attack their nest anytime. The same is in the case with Jack and Jill. The couple can be attacked by the money – lenders anytime if the instalments are not paid on the designated time.

Question 2.
Bring out the humorous elements in the play.
Answer:
Jane, Aunt of Jack, gives a wedding gift of two hundred pounds to him and Jill to start a contented life. But Jane buys a home, a car, piano, dining table, cot, sofa and even a radio on loan. Every month he pays more than his salary towards the payment of EMIs. Initially Aunt Jane is pleased with Jack’s comfortable life. The dramatic irony of the whole play starts when Jack tells Jane that he owes his comfortable life to her. She asks if she had given to them two thousand pounds instead of two hundred by an oversight.

Aunt Jane infers that the house would cost a great deal of rent. It was only then she has a rollercoaster ride on the shocking truth about all Jack’s worldly possessions. He says that they thought it uneconomic to go on paying rent and be Mr. Tenant. To be wise, he decided to become Mr. Owner by just paying ten pounds and a few quarterly payments. Jill supports her husband’s wisdom saying that he had a pay hike of five shillings. Then it dawns on Jane that all the possessions may be bought on hire purchase of long term EMI based loans. Such loans collect a lot of interest concealed under EMIs. She asks if they own the car. Jack says the steering wheel, one of the tyres , about two of the cylinders belong to them . Jack and Jill reveal the wonderful strategy of living on future earnings.

They explain that radio, piano and the furniture have been purchased on EMI from Mr. Sage. Mrs. Jane is dumbstruck. She abhors sitting on the furniture and the cot which do not belong to her relatives but to some creditors like Mr. Sage or Spencer. She gives 10 pounds as gift and leaves. She turns down the offer of a car ride as one tyre and two cylinders only belong to Jack. As soon as they leave, Jill sends the giftcheque to Dr. Martin. The black comedy apparent is that with one more installment, she could call the baby their own.

Question 3.
How does the play ‘The Never – Never Nest’ expose the harsh reality of modern living?
Answer:
Jack and Jill bought each and every luxury of life cheerfully Jack and Jill believe in buying furniture to house in easy installments. They have recently purchased a house, a car and furniture in installments are higher than his income Sometimes Jack borrows from money lenders to pay the installments. Even they have got their baby in installment.

The couple can be attacked by the moneylender anytime if the installments are not paid on the designated time. Such a couple would make a nest but they will never settle happily. Thus the play ‘The Never-Never Nest’ exposes the harsh reality of modern living.

Question 4.
Jill said that they owned the steering wheel of a car, one of the tyres, two of the cylinders and leg of the sofa. What does this convey?
Answer:
Jills claim that they owned the steering wheel of the car, one of the tyres, two of the cylinders and leg of the sofa. This implies that none of the things that are in their home and even their home did not belong to them. His salary is six pounds but he has to pay seven pounds and eight pence. The Equated monthly installments ate away all his salary.

Jack was borrowing for the excess money from “ Thrift and providence Trust corporation”. The pathetic things that melts one’s heart is seen towards the end of the play. The gift cheque of 10 pounds is released to Mr. Martin. When Jack says doctors don’t expect to be paid so soon, Jill says that with one more installment the baby will be absolutely “theirs”. This reveal the fact, Jack and Jill do not have anything left even for medical emergencies like child – delivery or sickness. Such life is not to be flaunted but pitied.

listening Activity

C. Listen to the passage read out aloud by the teacher or played on a recorder and answer the questions that follow.

Listen to the views of a leading economist R. Azhagarasan about EMI in an interview.
We live in a world where everyone likes to lead a comfortable and luxurious life, though our salaries are not enough to meet our needs. In such a situation, the EMI seems to be the only option. It helps people pay for the expensive things, they have purchased, in parts as installments. It gives monetary power to buy expensive things beyond the capacity of a common man. Otherwise, many people will never be able to buy such things. This proves beneficial for people in purchasing a house and other essential appliances and accessories.

It also has some negative unavoidable results. If people are not able to pay EMI on time, they have to keep on paying the loan amount for years together with interest. If people are not able pay EMI on time, they may face serious problems such as the penalty for default, repossession of the purchased items and might even be subjected to legal actions. Moreover, people may have the tendency to buy things that are not at all necessary, paying EMIs over a longer period of time. This may lead them into never-ending debts. Hence, people should learn to spend within their means.

Questions:

Question (i)
The speaker says that our income is sufficient to meet our needs. Is it true or false?
Answer:
False

Question (ii)
EMI is the only ______ for people who buy veiy expensive things.
(a) consolation
(b) setback
(c) option
(d) debt
Answer:
(b) setback

Question (iii)
One is able to buy costly things with ______ power offered by EMI.
(a) physical
(b) withstanding
(c) honorary
(d) monetary
Answer:
(d) monetary

Question (iv)
If people fail to pay EMIs, they may be subjected to ______
(a) expulsion
(b) high pressure
(c) legal action
(c) dejection
Answer:
(c) legal action

Question (v)
People should learn to spend ______ their means.
(a) within
(b) beyond
(c) above
(d) beneath
Answer:
(a) within

Speaking Activity

D. Based on your understanding of the play ‘The Never-Never Nest’, organise a classroom debate on the topic: ‘Is Equated Monthly Instalment Scheme – a boon or bane to middle- class families?’

A : Equated Monthly Installment scheme is a boon. Middle-class people who can’t dream of owning a home or even buying a two-wheeler get the benefit.
B : How do you prove it?
A : Well, a person who earns 15,000 rupees a month is able to take a house loan. Shri Ram, Finance Investment company of Bajaj Fin Serve offers scooter, car loans on as low as 7% interest. So a man can avail the benefits first but pay later.
B : My dear friend you present the matter as if it is just easy. What happens if a medical emergency happens and if the person is unable to pay back EMI for a housing loan or vehicle loan. Don’t you know a farmer was beaten by “Collection agents” for not . being able to pay back EMI arrears of just 50,000 rupees? The farmer, unable to face
the disgrace committed suicide. Didn’t you read it in the newspapers? EMI scheme is a bane.
A : My dear friends, such a rare occurrence should not be blown out of proportion. For health emergencies, one can join Prime Minister’s health insurance scheme by just paying 12 rupees a month. Besides, there are also Health insurance schemes by Tamil Nadu state Government which covers the cost of critical Health care upto 60%. I assert the EMI scheme is a boon for all middle class people who keep EMI to less than 50% of their total earnings and have 10% for other unforeseen expenses. If one leads a planned life, EMI scheme, I reiterate is a bane.
Judge : Now both the teams have argued their case very well. Now team A has almost justified that EMI scheme is a boon.
B : Sir, I would like you to take a look at the notice released by all leading bank containing the list of housing property confiscated due to non – payment of EMIs.
A : Every middle-class Indian has dreamed of owning a house. If one save money say for twenty years to purchase a land or a house the cost would definitely go up by 10 times. Save now and buy later doesn’t suit the modern lifestyle. It is true that we should not speculate much. At the same time one can calculate earnings, future pay hike and keep the EMIs within payable limits – such judicious spending will really make EMI schemes a great boon.
J : Listening to the arguments of both the team, I conclude EMI scheme is both a bane and a boon. For those who are always on a spending spree irrespective of their limited income, EMI scheme is a bane. For those who think twice before making a hasty purchase and narrow down their choice only to vital needs, definitely, EMI scheme is a boon. Use EMI scheme wisely. Good luck.

Writing

Writing Task

E. Aunt Jane was shocked to see the life of Jack and Jill during her visit to their place. Put yourself in the place of Aunt Jane and write a letter to the couple advising them not to spend beyond their means. Make more suggestions to enable them lead a debt-free life.

West Avenue,
New York, .
18.10.20XX
Dear Jack & Jill,

I reached back home safely. After returning from your home, I could not sleep properly for three days, I have always purchased things with cash. I feel it is a disgrace to buy things on long term hire purchase schemes. I gave you two hundred pounds to help you start your married life. But you have squandered all that seed money in making advance payment on expensive purchases like piano, furniture, car and even a home on loan. You pay equated.

monthly installments that exceed your monthly salary. You are borrowing every month to pay your dues I’m really upset. I don’t know what you did with the ten pounds, I gave you. I wish to give you the following recommendation. You can print them and display them in your drawing-room. So, that you‘11 try to follow them seriously in your life.

1. Let your first expenditure be saving 10% of salary for the future.
2. Never buy things you don’t need.
3. Cut your cloth according to your size.
4. If you spend on future income you will become a pauper.
5. A penny saved, is a penny earned.
6. Contentment is the greatest wealth in the world.
7. Lead a simple life befitting your income.
8. Don’t ever try to complete with others.
9. Those who are thrifty invariably become rich.
10. Those who spend all their money in haste will regret in leisure.

Your loving aunt,
Jane

To
Jack,
15, Gandhi Road,
New Jersey,
United States of America

Additional Questions

I. Fill in the blanks with the right options:

Question 1.
Jack insisted that one must have ______ these days.
(a) TV
(b) Tab
(c) Phone
(d) Radiogram
Answer:
(d) Radiogram

Question 2.
When Jack is away ______ gets all her entertainment from her radiogram at the kitchen.
(a) Jane
(b) Jack
(c) Jill
(d) Mary
Answer:
(c) Jill

Question 3.
Jack and Jill regard their home as their little ______
(a) hut
(b) abode
(c) home
(d) nest
Answer:
(d) nest

Question 4.
Jane had given Jack and Jill a wedding gift of ______ pounds.
(a) 2
(b) 20
(c) 200
(d) 2000
Answer:
(c) 200

Question 5.
The possessions of Jack and Jill ______ Aunt Jane.
(a) gladdened
(b) worried
(c) teased
(d) annoyed
Answer:
(b) worried

Question 6.
Aunt Jane doubted if she had presented a cheque for ______ pounds by oversight as the wedding gift to Jack and Jill.
(a) 20,000
(b) 200
(c) 20
(d) 2000
Answer:
(d) 2000

Question 7.
Aunt Jane was under the impression that Jack and Jill were living on a/an ______ home.
(a) own
(b) rented
(c) leased
(d) old age
Answer:
(b) rented

Question 8.
Jack said that they don’t pay ______ for their home.
(a) EMI
(b) electricity bill
(c) water charges
(d) rent
Answer:
(d) rent

Question 9.
Aunt Jane was worried that if Jack and Jill did not pay the rent for the home ______
(a) they will be threatened
(b) owners will evict them
(c) they will be sued
(d) they will be ill-treated
Answer:
(b) owners will evict them

Question 10.
Jack and Jill don’t pay rent because the house is ______
(a) leased
(b) owned
(c) bought
(d) loaned
Answer:
(b) owned

Question 11.
Jill had become the owner by just making an initial payment of ______ pounds.
(a) 200
(b) 2000
(c) 10
(d) 50
Answer:
(c) 10

Question 12.
Jack and Jill thought it ______ to pay rent.
(a) frugal
(b) uneconomic
(c) unwise
(d) absurd
Answer:
(b) uneconomic

Question 13.
Jill supported Jack by explaining they could afford all the loans for Jack had a pay hike of ______ shillings.
(a) 50
(b) 100
(c) 5
(d) 10
Answer:
(c) 5

Question 14.
Jill admitted that the steering wheel and ______ of the tyres belonged to them.
(a) two
(b) three
(c) one
(d) some
Answer:
(c) one

Question 15.
Jack enjoyed all the pleasure of motoring for a mere down payment of ______ pounds.
(a) fifty
(b) hundred
(c) five
(d) twenty
Answer:
(c) five

Question 16.
Jane understood that Jack intended to pay the balance amount for the car through easy ______
(a) loans
(b) installments
(c) schemes
(d) ways
Answer:
(b) installments

Question 17.
Jack earned ______ pounds a month.
(a) ten
(b) six
(c) eight
(d) two
Answer:
(b) six

Question 18.
Jack had to pay ______ pounds of eight pence for EMI.
(a) four
(b) six
(c) seven
(d) eight
Answer:
(d) eight

Question 19.
As the EMI payments exceeded Jack’s salary, he steadily borrowed the balance amount every month from ______
(a) friends
(b) bank
(c) money lenders
(d) Thrift and Providence Trust Corporation
Answer:
(d) Thrift and Providence Trust Corporation

Question 20.
Aunt Jane had ______ as her motto in life.
(a) cash later
(b) cash down
(c) hire purchase
(d) buy now pay later
Answer:
(b) cash down

Question 21.
Aunt Jane gave Jack and Jill a cheque for ______ pounds so that they could have at least one item as their own.
(a) 20
(b) 40
(c) 200
(d) 10
Answer:
(d) 10

Question 22.
Jill sent the gift cheque immediately to ______ for the penultimate payment for medical services received during the delivery of the baby.
(a) Joseph
(b) husband
(c) Dr. Martin
(d) Annamalai
Answers
(c) Dr. Martin

II. Identify the speaker:

1. Why, of course, Aunt Jane. You simply must have a radio set nowadays. – Jack
2. What do you think of our little nest? – Jill
3. Charming! Charming! Such a costly little room! – Aunt Jane
4. Rent? Oh, no, we don’t pay rent – Jack
5. We don’t pay rent because the house is ours. – Jack
6. Why be Mr. Tenant when you can be Mr. Owner? – Jack
7. And it’s so nice for me when Jack’s away at business. – Jill
8. Oh, I should say the steering wheel and one of the tyres… and about two of the cylinders. – Jack
9. Even so, you must be getting on very well to keeping a place like this. – Aunt Jane
10. But, Jack if you don’t pay rent you’ll get turned out into the street. You’ve Jill and the baby to think of now, you know. – Aunt Jane
11. Oh, nurse, I want you to run and post this for me. I’ll look after the body when you’re gone.- Jill
12. But why waste money on the Doctor? Doctors don’t expect to be paid anyway. – Jack
13. Oh, have you got a radiogram as well as a car and a piano? – Aunt Jane
14. What! Travel in a car that has only one tyre and two thingummies! No thank you. I’ll take the bus. – Aunt Jane
15. But that’s absurd! How can you pay seven pounds eight and eightpence out of six pounds? – Aunt Jane

III. Rearrange the sentences

Question 1.
(a) She wondered how it was possible with a limited income as low as six pounds a month.
(b) She did not understand how Jack was able to pay rent for such a lovely home.
(c) Aunt Jane visited Jack and Jill.
(d) She found all modem amenities like sofa, cosy bed, car, radiogram, piano and a lovely home.
(e) She was pleasantly surprised to see them leading a comfortable life.
Answer:
(a) Aunt Jane visited Jack and Jill.
(b) She was pleasantly surprised to see then leading a comfortable life.
(c) She found all modem amenities like sofa, cosy bed, car, radiogram, piano and a lovely home.
(d) She did not understand how Jack was able to pay sent for much a lovely home.
(e) She wondered how it was possible with a limited income as low as six pounds a month.

Question 2.
(a) Aunt Jane was worried.
(b) It slowly dawned on Aunt Jane that they were living beyond the means .
(c) Then Jack boasted of his smart plan of becoming Mr. owner of the house by just a down payment of ten pounds and the rest by easy installments.
(d) Jack said to Aunt Jane that they owed their comfortable living to her .
(e) She asked Jack and Jill if she had written 2000 instead of 200 pounds in the gift cheque.
Answer:
(a) Jack said to Aunt Jane that they owed their comfortable living to her
(b) Aunt Jane was worried
(c) She asked Jack and Jill if she had written 2000 instead of200 pounds in the gift cheque.
(d) Then Jack boasted of his smart plan of becoming Mr. Owner of the house by just a downpayment of ten pounds and the rest by easy installments.
(e) It slowly dawned on Aunt Jane that they were living beyond the means

Question 3.
(a) Jill sends the cheque to Mr. Martin so that she could call her baby “theirs’ with just one more instalment.
(b) She doesn’t want to sit on the furniture which does not belong to Jack.
(c) Aunt Jane is deeply disturbed to find out that Jack and Jill have now been addicted to “Buy now, pay later” culture.
(d) She realizes that they have not made complete payment for any item in the house.
(e) She gives them a gift cheque for ten pounds with serious advice to become a real owner of atleast one item in their house.
Answer:
(a) Aunt Jane is deeply disturbed to find out that Jack and Jill have not addicted to the “Buy now, pay later” culture.
(b) She realizes that they have not made complete payment for any item in the house.
(c) She doesn’t want to sit on the furniture which does not belong to Jack.
(d) She gives them a gift cheque for ten pounds with serious advice to become a real owner of atleast one item in their house.
(e) Jill sends the cheque to Mr. Martin so that she could call her baby “theirs’ with just one more installment.

IV. Read the following and answer the questions given below.

Question 1.
Jack: No, no, Aunt Jane. You misunderstood me. We don’t pay rent because the house is ours. Aunt Jane: YOURS?
Jill: Why, yes; you just pay ten pounds and it’s yours.
Jack: You see, Aunt Jane, we realized how uneconomic it is to go on paying rent year after year, when you can buy and enjoy a home of your own for ten pounds and a few quarterly payments, of course. Why be Mr.Tenant when you can be Mr. Owner?
Aunt Jane: I see. Yes, there’s something in that. Even so, you must be getting on very well to keep up a place like this.
Jill: Oh, he is, Aunt Jane. Why only last year he had a five-shilling rise—didn’t you, Jack? Jack (modestly): Of course that was nothing, really. I’m expecting ten this Christmas.
Aunt Jane (suddenly): Jack! I’ve just thought of something. That car—is it yours?
Jill: Of course it’s ours.
Aunt Jane : All yours?
Jack : Well, no. Not exactly all.

Question (a)
Why doesn’t Jack pay rent?
Answer:
Jack doesn’t pay rent because he has brought the house on EMI loan scheme.

Question (b)
How much had Jack paid for his house?
Answer:
Jack had made an initial payment of ten pounds and was paying the rest in instalments.

Question (c)
Was Aunt Jane pleased to know Jack’s promotion to Mr. Owner from Mr. Tenant? How?
Answer:
No, she was not pleased. Aunt Jane was a practical lady. She wondered how on earth Jack was maintaining such a lovely house with a lot of amenities.

Question (d)
How did Jill support her husband’s penny wise and pound foolish investments?
Answer:
Jill said that they were well off as Jack was given a pay hike of five shillings.

Question (e)
What was Jack’s response to Aunt Jane’s questions about the ownership of the car?
Answer:
He said that the car was his but not all the parts.

Question 2.
Aunt Jane: Now, I’m sorry if I sounded rude, but really I’m shocked to find the way (relenting a little) you’re living. I’ve never owed a penny in my life – cash down, that’s my motto and I want you to do the same. (She opens her handbag.) Now look, here’s a little cheque I was meaning to give you, anyway. (She hands it to Jill.) Suppose you take it and pay off just one of your bills –  so that you can say one thing at least really belongs to you.
Jill: Er – thank you. Aunt Jane. It’s very nice of you. (awkwardly)
Aunt Jane: There! Now I must be going, (patting her arm)
Jack: I’ll see you to the bus, anyway.
Jill: Good-bye, Aunt Jane – and thanks so much for the present.
Aunt Jane: Goodbye, my dear. (She and Jack go out. Jill looks at the cheque and (kissing her) exclaims ‘Ten pounds! ’ Then she hurries to the table, addresses an envelope, endorses the cheque, and slips it inside with a bill which she takes from the bag and seals the envelope. Then she rings the bell. In a moment the NURSE comes in with the baby in her arms.)
Jill: Oh, nurse. I want you to run and post this for me. I’ll look after baby while you’re gone.

Question (a)
Why was Aunt Jane shocked?
Answer:
Aunt Jane was shocked to find Jack and Jill living beyond their means.

Question (b)
What was Aunt Jane’s motto in life?
Answer:
Aunt Jane has never owed a penny in her life. ‘Cash down’ – that was her motto.

Question (c)
Why did Aunt Jane give Jack and Jill a cheque for ten pounds?
Answer:
Aunt Jane wanted Jack and Jill to pay atleast one of their bills so that they can become the owner of atleast one item in their house.

Question (d)
Who did Jane send the cheque?
Answer:
Jane sent the cheque to Dr. Martin.

Question (e)
Why did Jane decide to send the cheque to Mr. Martin?
Answer:
Jane believed that she could call the baby ‘theirs’ only if she could make one more instalment. This reveals her real distress.

The Never – Never Nest About the Author

Cedric Mount is a considerably distinguished playwright of his age. Me wrote some thoughtful plays, which include Twentieth Century Lullahy. “lo cut a long Short Story Short and Nature Abhors a Vacuum. His one-act plays are easy to perform, satirical, w itty and insightful. These one art plays expose the shams of contemporary society besides delicately admonishing the guilty.

The Never – Never Nest Summary

Aunt Jane is quite impressed with the small house Jack and Jill live in with all modem amenities. She is amazed at their acquisitions such as piano, refrigerator, radio and furniture. Aunt Jane had given only two hundred pounds as a wedding gift to Jack. But she finds that they own a house and all modem amenities. She is unable to conclude how on earth they accomplished all those comfort when Jack earned so little as six pounds. She is mdely shocked to know the house, fridge, furniture, car, piano and even the radio are all bought on EMIs. They have not made a complete payment for a single item. It sounded absurd that Jack is earning only six pounds a week. But he is paying seven pounds eight and eightpence towards EMI.

The rest is borrowed every month from Thrift and providence Trust corporation. It is so disgusting for Aunt Jane. She doesn’t want to sit on the furniture which belongs to someone else. She gives them a gift of 10 pounds with sharp advice that they should try to pay full amount for atleast one item and call it theirs. Jane refuses to travel in Jack’s EMI car for which he has paid for steering wheel and one tyre only. He accompanies Aunt Jane to the bus stop. Before he returns, Jill sends the cheque to Dr. Martin through her nlxrse. Jack is not happy. Jack says doctors never expect to be paid quickly. But she tells him that the baby will be their’s with just one more payment.

The Never – Never Nest Glossary

Textual:

• absurd – ridiculously unreasonable and meaningless
• cosy – comfortable
• endorse – to make over to another
• instalment – one of the parts into which a debt is divided when payment is made at intervals
• lounge – a place in a home or public building for leisure activities, living room
• motto – a short sentence or phrase that expresses a rule guiding the behaviour of
• possessed – a particular person or group completely controlled by an evil spirit
• propose – intend to do something
• realise – to understand or become aware of
• tartar – a person of irritable temper
• thingummies – small articles the names of which are not remembered

Additional:

• accomplished – achieved
• acquisitions – possessions
• amenities – facilities
• disgusting – revolting

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Supplementary

• After Twenty Years Book Back Answers
• A Shot in the Dark Book Back Answers
• The First Patient Book Back Answers
• With the Photographer Book Back Answers
• The Singing Lesson Book Back Answers
• The Never Never Nest Book Back Answers

The Portrait Of A Lady Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 1 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Lesson 1 The Portrait of a Lady Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 1st Lesson The Portrait Of A Lady Questions and Answers

Warm up

Nuclear Family or Joint Family

Based on the visuals given above, give five words/phrases each to describe these two family

Nuclear family		Joint family

Answer:

Nuclear family		Joint family
small	contented	congested	less privacy
happy	rich	compete for needs	sharing more
more space	kind	peer learning	more fun
caring	loving	less riches	more joy
joyful	more love	wait for turn	no immediate gratification
good education	needs met	mutual care	bondage great

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English The Portrait of a Lady Textual Questions

(1) Answer the following questions in one or two sentences based on your understanding of the story:

Question (а)
Describe the grandfather as seen in the portrait.
Answer:
The grandfather wore a big turban and loose-fitting clothes. His white beard, covering his chest made him look like a hundred-year-old man.

Question (b)
Why was the author left with his grandmother in the village?
Answer:
The author’s parents went to the city to make a living. The young author was left with his grandma till his parent’s settled well in the city.

Question (c)
Where did the author study in his childhood?
Answer:
The author studied in a village school attached to the temple.

Question (d)
Why did the grandmother accompany the author to school?
Answer:
Grandma was a pious lady. The school was attached to the temple. So, the grandmother accompanied the author to his school. While he learned letters of alphabets, she spent her time inside the temple reciting prayers and telling the beads of her rosary.

Question (e)
What made the dogs follow the grandmother after school hours?
Answer:
The dogs followed the grandmother after school hours for the chapattis which she threw to them.

Question (f)
Why didn’t the grandmother feel sentimental when the author went abroad for higher education?
Answer:
Grandmother got alienated from her grandson the time he went to the English medium school in the city. The reduction of focus in spiritual education and value education and an increase in the importance of science perturbed grandma a great deal. She knew that she can’t help the changes. So, she did not show any sentimentality when the grandson went abroad.

Question (g)
What was the happiest time of the day for their grandmother?
Answer:
The grandmother accepted the fact and she was serious about the author’s education.

2 . Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each:

Question (a)
Describe the author’s grandmother.
Answer:
Grandma was bent with age. She was deeply religious. She did not approve of modem science, music, and entertainment. However, she had the wisdom to accept changes gracefully and retain her values till her death.

Question (b)
What was the daily routine of the grandmother at home?
Answer:
The grandmother hobbled about the house with one hand balancing her stoop and the other telling the beads of her rosary. Her lips constantly moved in inaudible prayer.

Question (c)
How is school education in the village different from that in the city?
Answer:
The village school is easily accessible on foot. Values and letters of the alphabet are given utmost importance. Children carried wooden slate and ink-pot. There was no subject specialization in the village school. One teacher taught all. City school has huge buildings. Subject-wise teachers are there. School is remote. Children have to travel to long distance to reach school.

Question (d)
The grandmother appreciated the value of education. Give instances in support of your answer.
Answer:
The grandmother liked what was taught in the village school. Though she was not able to help her grandson with his studies in the city school, she did not discourage him in any way. She insisted on good manners and love for all living things. This is understood by her feeding dogs and sparrows.

Question (e)
The grandmother was strong-minded. Justify.
Answer:
Grandmother had strong values and had a zest for life. She lived life the way she wanted it. She spun the wheel, told her beads, fed the dog in the village and sparrows in the city unmindful of changes around her. She played the drum with joy when she realized her impending death. She died a peaceful death after predicting it to all her family members. She is really a strong lady.

Question (f)
How did the grandmother spend the last few hours of her life?
Answer:
She suspended her prayer for a while. She called the women from neighbourhood, sang, and played the drum along with them. The next morning she had a fever. She told the family that she was about to die! She died in bed telling her beads and lisping her last prayer.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
What was hard to believe? Why?
Answer:
People said that grandma was once pretty and she even had a husband. This was hard to believe as the author had seen her old right from his boyhood days.

Question 2.
How long had the author known his old grandma?
Answer:
The author had seen his old grandma for twenty long years. She had the same wrinkles and hunchback.

Question 3.
What appeared to be fables of the prophets?
Answer:
Grandma often told the author and his friends about various games she had played as a young girl. This appeared absurd and hence the author and his friends treated her games as fables of the prophet.

Question 4.
What was odd about the author’s acceptance of grandma’s beauty and not her pretty looks?
Answer:
Young girls are pretty like the buds of a flower. The author had never seen his grandma young. The author thought she could never have been pretty but full-bloomed flower-like beauty.

Question 5.
Which thought was revolting to the author?
Answer:
The sheer thought of grandma having been pretty once was really revolting to the author.

Question 6.
How did grandma move about the house?
Answer:
Grandma hobbled about the house in a spotless white saree. She had one hand resting on her waist to balance her stoop and the other telling the beads of her rosary.

Question 7.
How was grandma beautiful?
Answer:
She was beautiful like the winter landscape in the mountains, an expanse of pure white serenity breathing peace and contentment. Her lips constantly moved in inaudible prayer.

Question 8.
How did grandma perform her morning prayer? (or) What was grandma’s purpose in singing her morning prayer in a sing-song voice?
Answer:
Grandma said her morning prayer in a sing-song voice while she bathed and dressed the boy author. She wanted her grandson to learn the prayers by heart.

Question 9.
How did grandma help the boy author to get ready to school?
Answer:
She would fetch his wooden slate already plastered with yellow chalk, a tiny earthen, ink -pot and a red pen. She would bundle them all and hand it to the boy author.

Question 10.
What was the turning point in the relationship between the boy author and his grandma?
Answer:
The boy author’s parents got settled in the city. They sent for them. That was a turning point in their friendship.

Question 11.
Why could grandma not accompany the author to his school?
Answer:
The boy author went to school in a motor car. So, she could not accompany him to school.

Question 12.
Why did grandma change her habit of feeding dogs?
Answer:
In the city, there were no dogs. So grandma started feeding the sparrows.

Question 13.
What made grandma unhappy? (or) What was grandma’s reaction to the narrator’s education in English school?
Answer:
The boy author’s learning material included new English words, principles of science such as Archimedes Principle and law of gravity and the round shape of the earth. Shifting of gear from traditional and value-based education to modem English and science education made grandma unhappy.

Question 14.
Why didn’t grandma walk straight?
Answer:
Grandma was bent with age. So, she could not walk straight. She could only hobble about the house.

Question 15.
What distanced grandma from the author?
As years rolled by, the author grew up. He had a room of his own. English education did not cover scriptures and God. These distanced her from her grandson.

Question 16.
Why did grandma disapprove of ‘music lessons’ in school?
Answer:
Grandma belonged to an older generation in which moral values, scriptures, and literacy dominated education. Even music was meant to only accompany hymns and devotional songs. Professional musicians and dancers were treated with contempt. So, grandma disapproved of “music lessons” at school.

Question 17.
Which incident almost snapped the friendship of the author with grandma?
Answer:
As the narrator moved on to university, he was given a separate room at home. This almost snapped the friendship between grandma and the author.

Question 18.
How did grandma spend her time when the author went to university?
Answer:
Grandma accepted her seclusion gracefully. She spun and recited prayers the whole day. She took half an hour break to feed the sparrows happily.

Question 19.
What occasion did the author believe, unwisely to be the ‘last sign’ of physical contact with grandma?
Answer:
The author was going abroad for a five years study. Grandma kissed Khushwant Singh on his forehead. He mistook it to be the last sign of physical contact with grandma.

Question 20.
How did grandma disprove the author’s judgment about her longevity?
Answer:
The author thought his grandma was getting very old. He believed that before he returned from the foreign study, she may have kicked her bucket. But she came to receive him in a cool-headed way on his return from abroad.

Question 21.
How did grandma celebrate the joy of her grandson’s return? (or) What turned out to be grandma’s “swan song”? (or) Why did grandma suspend her prayers for a few hours?
Answer:
It appeared that grandma was holding on to see her grandson back home. She sensed her impending death and shocked her family members with the prediction. She drummed and sang along with neighbours with great zest as if she were celebrating her grandson’s return. In reality, she was enjoying the last moments of her life with absolute abandon even suspending her prayers for a while

3. Answer the following in a paragraph of 100 – 150 words each.

Question (a)
The grandmother played a vital role in the author’s formative years. Give your own example of how elders have a positive influence on the younger generation. Include examples from the story also.
Answer:
Elders who have deep love for young ones do leave a life time impression in the minds of children. I had seen my grandpa when I was very young. He was not rich. But he had deep- seated love for me. He used to walk three kilometers to just spend a few hours with me. He would not use the money my dad gave him for bus. He would walk back and save the money to buy either toys or books for me. The first book he presented me while I was in Std. VII hooked me on to the joy of reading. The book had short stories of endearing value.

For the first time, I realized, that a printed book can transport one to a world of fantasy and indefinable joy. The thrill of identifying myself with warriors, pilgrims, fishermen and great souls of the past kindled a spark in me. Now, I go to the book fair every year and buy books. I have started reading for specific purposes. I owe my reading habit to my grandpa. In the life  of Mahatma Gandhi also, his mom’s influence was great. She told him many moral stories.

Dr. Ambedkar who shared a small room with his dad, learned to lead a simple life all through his life. Unnikrishnan’s daughter Uthra Unnikrishnan has got influenced by her father and taken to singing even for films at a very young age. Her singing of “Kaiveesum Katrai” in the movie ‘Strawberry’ and Azhage in “Saivam” Tamil movies has got her national level reputation. In this story also grandma’s influence on Khushwant Singh was so great that he made her immortal in his biographical story “The Portrait of a Lady”. Her love for a simple life, street dogs, and sparrows made an indelible mark in Khushwant Singh’s boyhood memories.
“Grandmothers create memories that the heart holds forever. ”

Question (b)
As young Khushwant Singh, write a letter to your parents describing your daily routine along with your thoughts and feelings about staying in the village.
Answer:
15 Jan 20XX
As young Khushwant Singh, write a letter to your parents describing your daily routine
along with your thoughts and feelings about staying in the village.
15 Jan 20XX
Dear Mom and Dad,
l am fine. Grandma is also fine. She wakes me up every day and prepares me for school. She sings her morning prayers in a sing-song voice to my great delight. But she wants me to leam, and repeat them. She washes my slate clean and bundles up inkpot, pen and slate, and gives it to me.

We walk together to the temple. While the village priest is teaching us letters of the alphabet and some religious songs in the verandah of the temple, grandma stays inside the temple and joins a group of devotees in singing or telling beads. I am touched by her extreme interest in my academics. She feeds me with butter-smeared chapattis with great love. She is quite’ thoughtful of village dogs which wait at the temple gate till my school is over. When we walk back home, the village dogs follow us growling and barking as grandma throws chapattis to those dogs.

Every day, she enquires what I leam. Though her hunch back and wrinkles show her old age, the serenity, contentment in her face, and the winter landscape of her hair make me believe that she is the most beautiful lady. Dad, I am unable to believe she was ever young or pretty because as far as my memory goes, I have always seen her old and wrinkled. Though grandma’s love is immense, I must admit I miss you both. Why don’t you take us both to the city? I want to see the city and study in a city school as the education I get in the village school has no variety. Every day I have to leam only songs and letters of the alphabet. Don’t you know,” ‘variety is the spice of life? I also want to leam different subjects, wear fashionable clothes. and go in a motor car to an English school. Dad and Mom, don’t you miss me as I miss you?
Your loving son,
Khushwant Singh

Question (c)
Animals are capable of empathy. Substantiate this statement with examples from the story as well as your own experiences.
Answer:
A middle-aged lady in Australia had a heart attack. She was in great pain. Her pet pig saw mistress, in distress. It ran to the street and pulled the shirt sleeve of a man and brought him

home. He called an ambulance. The lady was saved. We had a pet dog. It was extremely fond of grandpa. He used to take him for long walks. One day grandpa died. The dog refused to eat any food. It went to the burial yard. It starved for a few days and died in front of grandpa’s grave. Even in this story, the sparrows in thousands sat in silence. Mom thought they were hungry. She broke the bread into pieces and threw them. But not a single sparrow touched them. Once grandma’s dead body was taken to the graveyard, the birds flew away. These instances prove beyond doubt that animals are capable of empathy.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
The author’s grandmother was a religious person. What are the different ways in which we come to know this?
Answer:
The author’s grandmother was a very religious lady. We come to know this through the different habitual actions. She visited the temple every morning and read scriptures. At home, she always mumbled inaudible prayers and kept telling the beads of a rosary. She would repeat prayer songs in a sing-song manner while getting the writer ready for school. She hoped that he would learn them by heart. She didn’t like English school as there was no teaching of God and scriptures. Even while spinning at her spinning wheel she would recite prayers.

Perhaps it was only once that she suspended her prayers. It was on the evening prior to her death when she felt over excited while celebrating the arrival of her grandson with songs and drumming. She continued praying and telling beads of her rosary till her last breath. The family members realized that her antic behaviour was a celebration of her contented life.
“Grandma’s prayers are the reason a lot of us are still here.”

Question 2.
Would you agree that the author’s grandmother was a person strong in character? If yes, give instances that show this.
Answer:
Yes, I agree that the author’s grandmother was a person strong in character. She was a strong woman with strong beliefs. Although she was not formally educated, she was serious about it. the author’s education. She could not adjust herself to the western way of life, Science, and English education. She hated music and disapproved of its teaching in school. She was a deeply religious lady. Her lips were always saying a silent prayer. She was always telling the beads of her rosary. She went to the temple daily and read the scriptures. She was distressed to know that there was no teaching about God and holy books at Khushwant’s new English school. She was a kind lady.

She used to feed dogs in the village. In the city, she took to feeding the sparrows. Although old in years and weak in body, she had great strength of mind. Knowing her impending death, she played the drum and sang with full-throated ease along with her neighbours. Just before her death, she refused to talk to the members of the family as she did not want to waste her time. She wanted to make up for the time lost when she had not prayed to God. She lay peacefully in bed saying prayers and telling the beads of her rosary till she breathed her last.
“She made broken look beautiful; strong look invincible. She walked with the universe on her shoulders as an inspiration. ”

Question 3.
Describe the friendship between Khushwant Singh and their grandmother.
Answer:
Khushwant Singh’s grandmother was closely involved in bringing him up when the author lived with her in the village during his early life. She used to wake him up early in the morning.

While bathing and dressing him, she sang her prayers. She hoped that the young boy would learn it by heart. She then gave him breakfast – a stale chapatti with butter and sugar. Then they would go together to the temple school. While the author learned his lessons, the grandmother would read holy books. They returned home together. A turning point came in their friendship when his parents called them to the city. Although they shared a room, she could not help him much. She hated music, Science, and Western education. The common link of their friendship was gradually snapped. ,
“The greatest gift of life is friendship and one should cherish it. ”

Question 4.
Write a character sketch of the author’s grandmother.
Answer:
Khushwant Singh’s grandmother was a very old lady. She was short, fat, and slightly bent. Her face was wrinkled. She had white hair. She was very affectionate. She was closely involved in bringing up the author. The two lived in the village. She was a caring grandmother. She ‘ would wake him early in the morning and get him ready for school. She served him breakfast and took him to school. She waited for him in the temple. She prayed while he studied. She returned with him.

She was kind and benevolent. She used to feed dogs in the village. In the city, she took to feeding the sparrows. She was a deeply religious lady. Her lips were always moving in a silent prayer. She was always telling the beads of her rosary. She went to the temple and read the scriptures.

She was a strong woman with strong beliefs. Although she was not formally educated, she was, serious about the author’s education. She could not adjust herself to the western way of life, Science, and English education. She hated music. She was distressed to know that there was no teaching about God and holy books at Khushwant Singh’s new English school. On the whole, she was a nice, affectionate, kindhearted, and religious lady.
“Who can find a virtuous woman? For her price is far above Rubies.”

Question 5.
The grandmother herself was not formally educated but was serious about the author’s education. How does the text support this?
Answer:
The grandmother Was quite serious about the author’s education. She woke him up in the morning and got him ready for school. She washed his wooden slate. She plastered it with yellow chalk. She tied his earthen ink-pot and red pen into a bundle. She took him to school, i He studied in school. She waited for him in the temple reading scriptures. In the city, the author went to an English school in a motor bus. When he came back, she would ask him what the teacher had taught him. She could not help him with his lessons. She did not believe in the things taught at the English school. She was distressed to learn that her grandson was being taught music. She considered it unfit for gentle folks.
“Education is the passport to the future. ”

Vocabulary

(a) Read the following words and choose the correct antonyms from the options given

Answer:

1. (b) arid
2. (a) serious
3. (d) included
4. (c) accept
5. (b) anxiety
6. (c) gathered
7. (a) interesting

(b) Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate compound words from those given in the box:

singsong	overstraining	spotless
gentlefolk	grandmother	courtyard
sunset	half-hour	homecoming

Reeta hurried along the road, dressed in her (1) ______ new dress towards the bus stop. Before (2) ______ , she had to reach the house of her (3) ______ But the first (4) ______ of her travel was slow due to traffic jam. Her (5) ______ would be regarded with joy. She was (6) ______ herself to reach the place. When she finally stepped into the (7) ______, she was received with a big hug by her kind aunt. She was in time to join the (8) ______ at the village, for a (9) ______
Answer:

1. spotless
2. sunset
3. grandmother
4. half-hour
5. singsong
6. over-straining
7. courtyard
8. gentlefolk
9. homecoming

(c) Match the words in Column A with their pairs in Column B to form compound words and write them in Column C:

	Column A		Column B	Column C
1.	mantel	(a)	lashes
2. .	eye	(b)	wheel
3.	water	(c)	gate
4.	bee	(d)	knob
5.	toll	(e)	piece
6.	door	(f)	proof
7.	spinning	(g)	hive

Answer:

1. (e) piece (mantelpiece)
2. (a) lashes (eyelashes)
3. (f) proof (waterproof)
4. (g) hive (beehive)
5. (c) gate (tailgate)
6. (d) knob (doorknob)
7. (b) wheel (spinning wheel)

(d) Frame meaningful sentences of your own using the following expressions from the story. Use a dictionary if required.

Question (i)
the thought was almost revolting
Answer:
The thought that a 27-year-old man could murder a college girl in daylight was revolting.

Question (ii)
an expanse of pure white serenity
Answer:
Nammalvar had a long white beard like an expanse of pure white serenity.

Question (iii)
a turning point
Answer:
Gandhiji’s encounter with an ill-clad poor woman in Madurai was a turning point in his political life.

Question (iv)
accepted her seclusion with resignation
Answer:
Grandma accepted her seclusion with resignation.

Question (v)
frivolous rebukes
Answer:
My mom bathed my younger brother with frivolous rebukes.

Prefixes And Suffixes

(e) Form two derivatives from each of the following words: e.g. honest – dishonest, honesty

manage	differ	beauty
peace	arrange	collect
approve	narrate	class

Answer:

1. manage – manager, management
2. differ – different, difference
3. beauty – beautiful, beauteous
4. peace – peaceful, pacemaker
5. arrange – an arranged, arrangement
6. collect – collector, collective
7. approve – approval, disapprove
8. narrate – narration, the narrator
9. class – classic, classify

Homophones

(f) Fill in the blanks with suitable homophones:

(i) brake/break
(a) We have a short _______ between the sessions.
(b) The car skidded to a halt when I applied the _______

(ii) waste/waist
(a) Shivani wears a belt around her _______
(b) We should never misuse or _______ natural resources.

(iii) principle/principal
(a) Oxygen is the _______ element present in earth’s crust.
(b) Both these machines work on the same _______

(iv) bread/bred
(a) Turtles should be _______ in a healthy environment.
(b) I like to have toasted _______ for breakfast.

(v) lesson/lessen
(a) This medicine will _______ your pain.
(b) Finally, the manager learnt a _______ the hard way.

(vi) pale/pail
(a) The child looks very sick and _______
(b) I need a _______ of water to wash these cups.

(vii) through/threw
(a) Ravi picked the banana peel and _______ it in the dustbin. ,
(b) The soldiers had to pass _______ a dark tunnel.

(viii) corps/corpse
(a) The _______ was covered with a shroud.
(b) A five-day annual training camp for the senior cadets of the National Cadet _______ been organized.
Answers:
(i) (a) break (b) brake
(ii) (a) waist (b) waste
(iii) (a) principal (b) principle
(iv) (a) bred (b) bread
(v) (a) lessen (b) lesson
(vi) (a) pale (b) pail
(vii) (a) threw (b) through
(viii) (a) corpse (b) corps

Listening Activity

Read the following statements and the given options. Now, listen to your teacher read aloud a passage or play it on a recorder. You may listen to it again if required, to help you choose the right options.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.in) The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. It is the mother who rocks the cradle. It is she who exercises her influence over the mind of her children. She moulds the character of her children with her noble qualities. Napoleon said, “Give me good mothers, I will give you a good nation”. Mothers play an important role in building nations. The love of our mother is usually the first and deepest love that we come across. For many people, their mother’s love becomes the pattern of love in later life.

A mother’s love is unconditional. No matter what you do, you know that your mother will always love you. The phrase ‘mother’s love’ derives from the love traditionally shown by a biological mother to her child. But indeed any love that is deeply caring and unconditional can be described as motherly love, Adoptive mothers show this type of love to the children they adopt. It is important in life to be cherished and loved for who you are and to be supported in all you do! Love is the most important thing in the world. Why not exhibit love to creatures and all those around you?

Question 1.
According to Napoleon ‘Good mothers make good _______
(a) housewives
(b) jobs
(c) nations
(d) ideas
Answer:
(c) nations

Question 2.
Mothers exhibit _______ love.
(a) unauthorized
(b) unapproved
(c) unacceptable
(d) unconditional
Answer:
(d) unconditional

Question 3.
_______ mothers care much for their children.
(a) Adapted
(b) Adopted
(c) Adoptive
(d) Influence
Answer:
(c) Adoptive

Question 4.
_______ is the most important thing in the world.
(a) Wealth
(b) Power
(c) Love
(d) Influence

Question 5.
Love should be extended to _______ too.
(a) friends
(b) relatives
(c) countrymen
(d) creatures
Answer:
(d) creatures

Speaking Activity

(a) Work in pairs and arrive at five points that bring out the benefits and challenges of living in either a nuclear family or a joint family. Share your views with your class.
In a nuclear family:

• A child gets a lot of attention.
• The child need not wait for anything he wants.
• Both the parents shower love and protect him/her from any harm.
• There is no scope for disappointments as parents are anxious to fulfill the needs of children.
• The child wants the parent to solve all his/her problems and never learns self-reliance.

In a joint family:

• The child has to wait for what he wants to get.
• There will be many to play with.
• There is plenty of scope for caring and sharing.
• Learn to cope with disappointments and failures in a healthy way.
• Learn to adjust with others and tend to be empathetic.

(b) Build a conversation of eight to ten sets of exchanges, with your grandmother discussing the incidents that happened in your school that day.

Myself: Grandma, I am back home.
Grandma: Please go and wash your face, hands, and legs.
Myself: Why should I, grandma?
Grandma: I have prepared some sweets and pakora for you.
Myself: That’s really lovely grandma.
Grandma: What did you learn today?
Myself: I learned about bees.
Grandma: How do bees communicate among themselves?
Myself: Grandma, when a bee discovers honey, he performs a kind of dance which conveys the availability of honey, type of flower, and distance from the beehive to the farm.
Grandma: That’s excellent. I never knew it.
Myself: Give me sweets and pakora.
Grandma: Stay here, I will bring them for you.

(c) Every member contributes to forming a happy family. Share your views for a minute or two with your class.

Father works hard and brings money home. Mom does all domestic chores. She cooks food, washes clothes, and cleans the floor. Brother takes me to school in his scooter. My grandma combs my hair. She has all the time in the world to tell me tales and listen to all my experiences and stories. On Sunday we all join hands and clean the house. Then we all dine together and share what happened to each of us. I do agree that everyone contributes to a happy family.

Reading

Now, read the following passage on“Laughter Therapy” and answer the questions that follow.

1. Laughing is an excellent way to reduce stress in our lives; it can help you to cope with and survive a ’ stressful life. Laughter provides full-scale support for your muscles and unleashes a rush of stress-busting endorphins. Since our bodies cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter, anything that makes you giggle will have a positive impact.

2. Laughter Therapy aims to get people laughing, in groups and individual sessions and can help reduce stress, make people and employees happier and more committed, as well as improve their interpersonal skills. This laughter comes from the body and not the mind.

3. Laughter Yoga (Hasya Yoga) is a practice involving prolonged voluntary laughter. It aims to get people laughing in groups. It is practiced in the early mornings in open-parks. It has been made popular as an exercise routine developed by Indian physician Madan Kataria, who writes about the practice in his 2002 book ‘Laugh for no reason’. Laughter Yoga is based on the belief that voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter.

4. Laughter yoga sessions may start with gentle warm-up techniques which include stretching, chanting, clapping, eye contact, and body movements to help break down inhibitions and encourage a sense of playfulness. Moreover, laughter is the best medicine. Breathing exercises are used to prepare the lungs for laughter followed by a series of laughter exercises that combine a method of acting and visualization techniques. Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development.

5. A hand of small-scale scientific studies has indicated that laughter yoga has some medically beneficial effects, including cardiovascular health and mood. This therapy has proved to be good for depressed patients. Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.

Answer the following:

Question (a)
How does laughter help one to cope with stress?
Answer:
Laughter provides full-scale support for one’s muscles and unleashes a rush of stress-busting endorphins. Thus it helps one to cope with stress.

Question (b)
Which word in the text (para 2) means the same as ‘dedicated’?
Answer:
‘Committed’ means dedicated.

Question (c)
Why do you think voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter?
Answer:
The human body cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter. Anything that makes a person giggle has a positive impact on one’s health. That is why I think voluntary laughter provides the same psychological and physiological benefits as spontaneous laughter.

Question (d)
‘Laughter is the best medicine’. Explain.
Answer:
Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development. Laughter has some medical benefits such as cardiovascular health and mood. Hence, “Laughter is the best medicine”.

Question (e)
Given below is a set of activities. Which of these are followed in the ‘Laughter Yoga’ technique?
Answer:

• Body movements
• Clapping
• Breathing exercises
• Stretching of arms and legs
• Bending backward

Question (f)
‘Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding’. How?
Answer
Man is a social animal. Laughing breaks the ice and enables friendly conversations. A person endowed with spontaneous laughter naturally attracts a large number of friends. In his company, even distressed relatives feel relieved and happy. Thus, laughter plays a crucial role in social bonding.

Grammar

Articles and Determiners
Determiners are words placed in front of a noun to clarify what the noun refers to.
Look at this sentence.
‘Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.’
Here the word ‘this’ refers to a particular noun – ‘laughter therapy’.
Types of Determiners

Articles	Demonstrative	Possessive adjectives
a	this	my, your
an	that	his, her
the	these	its, our
	those	your, their

Quantifiers	Numbers	Ordinals
– some, any few, little more, much any, every	one, two three, four twenty, hundred	first, second third, last next

(a) Read the paragraph below and fill in the blanks using ‘a, an’, or ‘the’.

It is said that (1) _____ computer is (2) _____ electronic extension of the human brain. Therefore, in principle, (3) _____ computer can do all those activities which (4) _____ human brain can do. Today computers are found to be (5) _____ most useful devices as knowledge providers. Another important field of application of computers is (6) _____ development of robots. (7) _____ internet has brought (8) _____ drastic change in communication systems.
Answer:

1. the
2. an
3. the
4. the
5. the
6. the
7. The
8. a

(b) In the following paragraph, insert ‘a, an’,or ‘the’ wherever necessary and rewrite the sentences.

In our family, we have planned to take children to zoo next Sunday. Van has been arranged and we are sure to have comfortable journey. Zoo is interesting place for children who enjoy watching animals and want to know more about them. Even youngsters love to visit zoo.
Answer:
In our family, we have planned to take children to the zoo next Sunday. A Van has been arranged and we are sure to have a comfortable journey. The Zoo is an interesting place for children who enjoy watching the animals and want to know more about them. Even the youngsters love to visit the zoo.

(c) Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners. (Articles have been included)

Once the emperor gave a bag of seeds to his council of ministers and said that he would give them six months time to grow the seeds. Whoever does a good job will be made the (1) _____ emperor of that empire. (2) _____ the ministers took their task seriously. After six months (3) _____ ministers had small plants in their pots. A (4) _____ had very large plants. (5) _____ had medium-sized plants. The emperor entered the hall. He was (6) _____ amused to see (7) _____ plants. He called the (8) _____ minister and asked him what he did with the seed. (9) _____ minister explained the process he adopted to make (10) _____ plant grow. (11) _____ the emperor called the other ministers to explain what they did. Only (12) _____ minister had come with an empty pot. They laughed loudly at the foolishness of this minister. But the Emperor applauded him and made him the (13) _____ Emperor. Do you know why? He had given them boiled seeds which will not grow. Only (14) _____ minister was honest.
Answer:

1. next
2. All
3. many
4. few
5. Some
6. very much
7. the
8. first
9. The
10. the
11. Next
12. one
13. next
14. one

(d) Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners.

1. They came early but there was (little/ a little) work to do.
2. Anand invited (few/a few) friends for the birthday party.
3. The teacher gave (all /every) student a separate topic for the assignment.
4. (Most of/Many) the water overflowed from the tank.
5. Each one of my (friend/friends) wished me on my birthday.
6. Vijay had (no/ any) idea about the problem.
7. Adhi had taken (much /many) photos during the program,
8. (Some/Few) girls who attended the class informed the others about the test.

Answers:

1. little
2. a few
3. every
4. Most of
5. friends
6. no
7. many
8. some

Tenses

(a) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and read the completed passage aloud.

The people of India, as a whole, (1) _______ (be) warm-hearted and hospitable. Any calamity in any part of the world immediately (2) _______ (arise) their charity and generosity and a. committee (3). _______ (be) promptly (4) _______ (set ) up to collect funds to help the distressed. The most endearing quality in them (5) _______ (be) the respect they show for the work done in any capacity. They (6) _______ (believe) in what we (7) _______ (call) the dignity of labour.
Answers:

1. are
2. arouses
3. is
4. set
5. is
6. believe
7. call

(b) Now, use the verbs given in brackets in the following sentences in their correct forms.

Question 1.
I (like) to spend time with my friend, whenever I (be) free.
Answer:
I like to spend time with my friend, whenever I am free.

Question 2.
He (is) likely to miss the train. He (run) to the station.
Answer:
He is likely to miss the train. He is running to the station.

Question 3.
At the moment, they (wait) at the bus-stop. But I (not know) their plans for the journey.
Answer:
At the moment, they are waiting at the bus stop. But I do not know their plans for the journey.

Question 4.
They firmly (believe) in the existence of God.
Answer:
They firmly believe in the existence of God.

Question 5.
We (hear) a lot of noise because the new buildings (transmit) sound waves.
Answer:
We hear a lot of noise because the new buildings are transmitting sound waves.

Question 6.
She always (make) excuses for coming late.
Answer:
She always makes excuses for coming late.

Question 7.
The Prime Minister (leave) for America to meet the delegates tomorrow.
Answer:
The Prime Minister leaves for America to meet the delegates tomorrow.

(c) You are a commentator for a 5000 metre running race. Use simple present and present continuous tenses and complete the commentary from the beginning to the end of the race. Read the completed passage aloud.

The 5000 metre race is about to begin. Lined up at the starting point, from left to right, are John of Great Britain, Peter of Nigeria and Jeeva of India. The runners are warming up for the great event. Now they. (1) _______ (take) their positions on the track. They (2) _______ (be) all ready for the start. There (3) _______ (go) the starter’s gun! Yes, the race has begun. John (4) _______ . (lead) with Jeeva (5) _______ (close) behind him.
Answer:

1. are taking
2. are
3. goes
4. is leading
5. closing

(d) Read the extract from Kayal’s diary entry regarding her Nepal Trek, and fill in the blanks with the correct tense form of the verbs given in brackets.

DAY 1: We (1) _______ (leave) Anna International Airport in Chennai two days ago catching a direct flight to Kathmandu in Nepal. We (2) _______ (spend) a day sightseeing. Kathmandu is full of people, rickshaws, and the smell of sandalwood. I’ve never (3) _______ (be) on a trip like this before. So I’m really excited.

DAY 2: It (1) _______ (rain) when we reached Pokhara, Nepal’s second-largest city, and saw the snowy peaks of the Himalayas for the first time. We. (2) _______ (reach) Pokhara after a hair-raising six-hour bus journey along very narrow roads with a lot of hairpin bends. The bus (3) _______ (be) so full that one person had to share the driver’s seat.

DAY 3: We (1) _______ (begin) our trek at last. We are at about 900 meters and the weather is warm and humid. For lunch, we had chips and yak cheese sandwiches. I didn’t like them very much. I’m thrilled that we (2) _______ (pitch) tents for our camps in the dense forests.

DAY 4: Yesterday a landslide (1) _______ (block) our path and we had to use ropes to get over it. This morning we walked along the river Kali Gandaki through dense forests of oak trees and we pitched our camp at Tukuche below the Annapurna mountain range. The main danger in addition to landslides is ‘yak attack’. Yaks (3) _______ (be) not dangerous but you have to be careful if you meet a herd of them because they can push you off the sides of the mountain.

DAY 5: We met a lot of children on our trek through the villages. They (1) _______ (play) in the pool of muddy rainwater as we left the place. We have already climbed 2,400 meters. Up here, it never (2) _______ (rain) and there are no trees. It (3) _______ (be) windy and dusty and I am always thirsty.

DAY 6: Yesterday we (1) _______ (go) up to the mountainside of the township of Muktinath, at 3,600 meters. The thin air with less oxygen there (2) _______ (leave) us breathless. We (3) _______ (feel) that we couldn’t go any further. We (4) _______ (drink) a lot of extra fluids to prevent altitude sickness.

DAY 7: We turned around today and started to descend to Jomsom. As we went down, the oxygen-filled our blood again and we seemed to (1) _______ (fly) instead of walking.

DAY 8: We went back to Pokhara in a small plane yesterday. It (1) _______ (excite) when we flew between the mountain peaks. We arrived in Kathmandu this afternoon and we

(2) (spend) our last few hours in shopping. We leave for Chennai tomorrow. We’ve had a trip of a lifetime.
Answers:
Day-1
1. left
2. spent
3. been

Day-2
1. was raining
2. reached
3. was

Day-3
1. began
2. pitched

Day-4
1. blocked
2. are

Day-5
1. were playing
2. rains
3. is

Day-6
1. went
2. left
3. felt
4. drank

Day-7
1. be flying

Day-8
1. was exciting
2. spent

(e) In the following passage, circle the verbs in simple present tense and underline the verbs in simple past. The first one has been done for you.

(i) Unless one upright there (is) no use in being a charming fellow. Sometimes it (Is) better to be honest than attractive. These are the great truths of modem life which Shyam never realised. He never said an ill-natured word in his life. He was always polite and spoke softly to everybody.

(ii) That night he strolled into the Palette Club about eleven o’clock and found Trevor sitting by himself in the long room. “Well, Alan, did you get the picture finished all right? “he said, as he lit his cigarette. “Finished and framed, my boy!’’ answered Trevor, “and by-the-bye, you have made a conquest. That old model you saw (is) quite devoted to you. I had to(tell) him all about you – who you (are) where you (five), what your income(is) what prospects you alive).”

(iii) “And now (tell) me how Laura (is) The old model was quite interested in her.” “You (jlorYt) mean to say you talked to him about her?” said Hughie. “Certainly I did. He ((mows) all about the relentless colonel, the lovely Laura, and the £10,000.” “You told that old beggar all my private affairs?” cried Hughie. looking very red and angry. “My dear Alan,” cried Hughie, “I shall probably find him waiting for me when I(go) home.”

(f) Fill in the blanks using Past tense forms of the verbs:

1. I never (see) _______ such a beautiful sunrise before I came here.
2. We were not able to stay overnight as we _______ not (reserve) the tickets in advance.
3. Nirmala _______ (be) to the concert several times.
4. Mariappan knew Pudukottai so well because he _______ (live) there for five years.
5. Yusuf understood the problem because he _______ (experience) the situation earlier.
6. Catherine did not have any cash because he _______ (lose) her purse.
7. My father _______ (be) to Mumbai once before.
8. The cat _______ (chase) the bird before it flew out of the yard.
9. Edith _______ (visit) several doctors before she found out what the problem was with her knee.
10. If we _______ (call) the manager ahead,we would not have needed to wait so long for a table.

Answers:

1. had never seen
2. did not reserve
3. had been
4. had lived
5. had experienced
6. had lost
7. had been
8. had chased
9. visited
10. had called

(g) Read the following news report and underline the past perfect tense form of the verb and circle the simple past tense form of the verb.

India Beat Pakistan To Win Blind Cricket World Cup:

Chasing a huge target of 308 runs, India (romped) home in the penufrimateover of the match to defeat Pakistan and win the Blind Cricket World Cup. India (started off) their chase in a cracking manner, but had lost two quick wickets. Sunil RameslKrbsepto the occasion as he (jflayetf) a great knock to help India beat Pakistan and had scored 93 runs. Earlier India (won) the toss and had decided to bowl first. Pakistan (amassed)a huge score of 307 for eight in 40 overs. Their openers had given them a brisk start which the later batsmen (capitalize) on.

(h) Read the following extract and fill in the spaces with the right form of verbs and complete the passage. The first one is done for you.

Question (i)
The poet stops to hear the maiden singing while she (1) _____ (cut) and (2) _____ (bind) the grain. The song of the lady (3) _____ (fascinate) the poet, who (4) _____ (stand) there to listen to the song. The girl (5) _____ (sing) a sad song.
Answer:

1. cuts
2. binds
3. fascinates
4. stands
5. sings

Question (ii)
During the monsoon, a tender slightly warm breeze (1) _____ (blow) on a cloudless afternoon. A sort of fragrance (2) _____ (rise) from the wet grass and trees in the sunlight. It (3) _____ (seem) as if the warm breath of the exhausted earth (4) _____ (fall) against one’s skin. A sweet-voiced bird somewhere (5) _____ (chirp) repeatedly.
Answer:

1. blows
2. rises
3. seems
4. falls
5. chirps

(i) Read the news item that appeared in a daily and fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Ever since social networking sites entered our lives, they (1) _____ (serve) as platform.s where users could use the virtual space offered by these social media. However, recent incidents (2) _____ (cause) many to question the freedom to express views on various issues, and in some cases, it (3) _____ (become) a dangerous platform. Social Contact (4) _____ (transform) people. They (5) _____ (develop) an addiction to it.
Answers:

1. have been serving
2. have caused
3. has become
4. has transformed
5. have developed

(j) Read the following passage and correct the errors you come across.

Question 1.
Rajan slowly settle down in his retired life. His pension plus what his wife bring from the household work she does, helped them to meet their requirements. Life is easy until one Sunday. His granddaughter Madhu come crying. The clay doll in her hand had broken into two. Rajan pacify her and promise to mend it. This small repair work become the founding stone of a very prosperous venture into making clay dolls which earn him great respect.
Answer:
Rajan slowly settled down in his retired life. His pension plus what his wife brought from the household work she did, helped them to meet their requirements. Life was easy until one Sunday his granddaughter Madhu came crying. The clay doll in her hand had broken into two. Rajan pacified her and promised to mend it. This small repair work became the founding stone of a very prosperous venture into making clay dolls which earned him great respect.

Question 2.
Games and sports help in recreation. Soccer, cricket, lawn tennis or wrestling is eagerly watched by millions of fans all over the world. It helps one got temporary relief from the tensions of a day. The dedication displayed by all players in the field indicates the mental and spiritual development of the player.
Answer:
Games and sports help in recreation. Soccer, cricket, lawn tennis, or wrestling are eagerly watched by millions of fans all over the world. It helps one get temporary relief from the tensions of a day. The dedication displayed by all players in the field indicates the mental and spiritual development of the players.

Writing

(a) Notice:

(i) Prepare a notice to be displayed on the notice-board of your school for the students of Class 11, informing them about the educational tour that has been arranged for them the next month.

(ii) Write a notice about the inauguration of a laughter club in your school.

(b) Message:
You are the Sports Captain of your school. Write a message to the Physical Director, requesting him to be present during the football team selection scheduled for tomorrow.

(c) Do you exercise regularly? If you do, which of the following activities do you prefer? Discuss and share with your partner a few lines about your preference.

(A) Walking
(B) Working out in a gym
(C) Swimming
(D) Cycling

A: I prefer walking. It is a wholesome exercise. Regular walk helps blood circulation very well. A brisk walk for an hour a day keeps one perfect fit.
B: I love swimming. I admire Michael Phelps for his achievement in swimming. When schools disowned him, his mom found out his interest in swimming. He turned out to be an Olympian of all times with 28 medals. One day I will win gold in swimming for India.
C: Well, after seeing Dipa Karmakar perform the ‘pordunova’ vault at the summer Olympics in 2016,1 wish to become an expert in gymnastics
D: Well, I love cycling because it is pollution-free. I feel it gives a complete exercise.

Task

You are Mani/Megalai of Class XI, President of the English Club of your school. Draft a speech on the topic ‘Reading Maketh a Complete Man’ to be delivered in the school assembly.

Reading Maketh a Complete Man:

Respected Headmaster, teachers, and my dear friends. I am Kaman / Kamala of class XI. I am before you to share my ideas on the topic “Reading Maketh a Complete Man”. Francis Bacon said, “Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man.” But the question concerns only reading here.

Extensive and intensive reading builds the mind with valuable ideas and information. A full mind is better than an ill-informed or uninformed mind. Reading nourishes the intellect and nurtures one’s imagination. Researches prove that reading good books can reduce stress levels by half. There is nothing more relaxing and soothing than reading a good book. Without traveling, a sensitive and sensible reader travels around the world. The reader is exposed to new culture and innovative ideas. Reading is a gift. It can be cultivated. It is sad that many students squander their time in playing games in a mobile phone or watching useless film music or comic scenes when they must be spending their purple hours of life in reading books. They also waste their time in social websites like Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. This addiction in digital technology and browsing harmful websites distracts the young ones.

To dissuade young ones from social media and mass media and help them read books is equal to climbing Everest under hostile weather. So, teachers and parents should share their own joy of reading good books by sharing the best of what they read with the student community. Reading makes a man complete. To lead holistic and meaningful lives, I request all my friends to develop a love for reading great classics under the guidance of dedicated teachers and with the help of libraries. –
The more you read, the more you will know.
The more you learn, the more places you’ll go.
So Read and Grow!
Thank you

The Portrait of a Lady About the Author

Khushwant Singh was an Indian novelist and a lawyer. He joined IKS in 1947. He had a calling to be a writer. He served as the editor of many literary and news magazines. As a writer, he is best known for his secularism, sarcasm, and love lor poetry. The Mark of Vishnu, A History of Sikhs, The Train to Pakistan. Success Mantra. We Indians and Death at My Doorstep are some of his masterpieces. I le was awarded Padma Bhushan in 1974 and Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India. He also received the most coveted Sahitya Academy fellowship. The present story, “The Portrait of a Lady” seems to have been inspired by the novel, “The Portrait of a Lady” by Henry James. It. revolves around the author’s grandmother whose milk of human kindness sustained birds, animals, and children. Her unconditional love for all gives her a beauty beyond her age.

The Portrait of a Lady Summary

The author’s grandma was old and wrinkled for about twenty years. The author was told that his grandma was once young and pretty. She had a husband. But the author could not bring himself to believe it as he had seen her old right from his childhood. The picture of the author’s grandpa was hung in the drawing-room above the mantelpiece. He wore a big turban and loose-fitting garment. His long beard ran down to his chest. He appeared at least 100 years old. He did not look like a family man who could have had a wife and children. He only appeared like an old man with many grandchildren.

Grandma was bent with age and had been so for a long time. Her entire body was wrinkled crisscross. She hobbled about the house with one hand on her waist to balance and another hand telling the beads of her rosary. She was always found whispering some inaudible prayer. Her silver locks were scattered on her face untidily. She was beautiful like the winter landscape in the mountains. She was an expansion of pure white serenity breathing peace and contentment.

The author and his grandma were great friends. As his parents had left him under her care and went to live in the city, he spent most of his time with her. She used to wake up the author early in the morning and helped him to get ready for school. She would sing morning prayers in a sing-song voice to enable the young author to remember the prayer by hearing. She would feed him with a stale chapatti smeared with a little butter and sugar. She would fetch his wooden slate and she accompanied him to school everyday. She would bring a lot of stale chapattis for the village dogs back home. She loved temple which was a place of worship and learning.

While the priest taught the children letters of the alphabet, grandma sat inside the temple reading scriptures. When her reading of scriptures and the author’s learning of letters got over for the day both would return home. While returning home grandma would feed the dogs with stale chapattis. The animals would fight among themselves as each chapatti was thrown.

In the village the author spent a lot of time with grandma. But after moving over to the city, he went to an English medium school in a bus. There were no dogs. She started feeding the sparrows. Grandma and the author were in the same room but the time they spent together got reduced considerably.

The author was happy to share the new English words he learn and Science theories like Archimedes’ principles, law of gravity and the shape of the earth. This upset her. She could no more help him with his lessons. The new school did not teach about God or scriptures. The day the author said that he was taking music lessons in school, she became uncomfortably silent.

When the author left for university, grandma was resigned to the fate or a secluded life. She continued her spinning work and chanting. The spinning wheel and prayer kept her busy all day. She rarely spoke to humans nowadays. She relaxed for half an hour in the afternoon.

This was the happiest time of her day as she broke the bread into small bits to feed the sparrows. It was literally a bedlam of chirruppings. Some would perch on her legs and some on her head. She never shooed them away. Instead, there was an angelic smile on her face, She relished those moments.

The author had the opportunity to go abroad. Grandma came to the railway station to farewell. She did not show any emotion or sentiment. Her moist lip imprint on his forehead, j made him wonder if it was her last physical contact with him.

I After five years, when the author returned, she met him at the railway station. She did not j appear to be older. She just hugged the author but continued telling the rosary. She did not i try to show interest in knowing what happened abroad in his life. Instead, she continued to evince keen interest in feeding the sparrows. She fed them longer.

One evening grandma did not pray. Instead, she got an old drum and started singing. She sang of the home-coming of warriors. Everyone got anxious that grandma might strain her nerves. Perhaps it was her swan song.

Grandma ran a temperature. Doctor said that it was a mild fever. But grandma predicted that i her end was near. She didn’t want to waste her time talking to the family members. Grandma lay in bed telling the rosary. Before sunset, her lips stopped chanting and the rosary i fell from her hands. The peaceful pallor on her face conveyed her soul’s departure from the ! body.

She was lifted from bed. She was covered with a red shroud. After a few hours, the body was | left alone to make funeral arrangements. They brought a crude stretcher to take her to the cremation ground.

The sun was setting. Grandma’s room was lit with a blaze of golden light. The room where ! the body was kept, thousands of sparrows sat scattered on the floor. There was no chirruping, i The family was sorry for the birds. Mom broke the bread into crumbs, the way grandma used I to do, and threw it to them. But not a single sparrow took notice. When grandma’s corpse was carried off, they flew away quietly.

Khushwant Singh’s The Portrait of a Lady, in short, gives a splendid pen-picture of his own j grandmother who had steadfast graceful values and philosophy of life. She lived and died gracefully.

The Portrait of a Lady Glossary

Textual:
absurd – inconsistent/ illogical bedlam – noisy confusion dilapidated -damaged expanse -widespread
fables -tales/stories hobbled – walked unsteadily mantelpiece – shelf projecting from the wall above a fireplace
monotonous – unchanging /boring
pallor – an unhealthy pale appearance
perched – sat/rested
pucker – to contract the face into wrinkles
rebukes – scoldings
seclusion – isolation
shroud – cloth used to wrap a dead person
snapped – broke / cut.

Additional:
cherished – retained in memory
contentment – satisfaction
distressed – upset
inaudible – unable to be heard
sentimental – emotional
spotless – clean
untidily – disorderly

The Portrait of a Lady Synonyms

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

Question 1.
The thought was almost revolting.
(a) planning
(b) inspiring
(c) disgusting
(d) appealing
Answer:
(c) disgusting

Question 2.
Once she had been young and pretty.
(a) old
(b) ugly
(c) attractive
(d) unpleasant
Answer:
(c) attractive

Question 3.
That seemed quite absurd.
(a) logical
(b) serene
(c) sincere
(d) silky
Answer:
(d) silky

Question 4.
We treated it like the fables of the prophets.
(a) realists
(b) surrealists
(c) magicians
(d) seers
Answer:
(d) seers

Question 5.
She wore spotless white saree.
(a) dull
(b) dirty
(c) pale
(d) clean
Answer:
(d) clean

Question 6.
Her lips moved in inaudible prayer.
(a) unseen
(b) unheard
(c) distasteful
(d) unidentified
Answer:
(b) unheard

Question 7.
She hobbled about the house with her human back.
(a) walked
(b) staggered
(c) hopped
(d) danced
Answer:
(b) staggered

Question 8.
Her silver locks were scattered untidily.
(a) orderly
(b) neatly
(c) hygienically
(d) disorderly
Answer:
(d) disorderly

Question 9.
She was breathing serenity and contentment.
(a) dissatisfaction
(b) malcontent
(c) satisfaction
(d) contenment
Answer:
(c) satisfaction

Question 10.
The fables from the lives of people are really fascinating.
(a) jokes
(b) anecdotes
(c) stories
(d) songs
Answer:
(c) stories

Question 11.
She was like an expanse of pure white serenity.
(a) widespread
(b) narrow
(c) squeezed
(d) expatriate
Answer:
(a) widespread

Question 12.
She was distressed that there was no teaching about God or scriptures.
(a) pleased
(b) overwhelmed
(c) upset
(d) delighted
Answer:
(c) upset

Question 13.
Her silence meant disapproval.
(a) acceptance
(b) consent
(c) rejection
(d) consent
Answer:
(c) rejection

Question 14.
The common link of friendship got snapped.
(a) cut
(b) united
(c) linked
(d) conjoined
Answer:
(a) cut

Question 15.
My grandmother accented her seclusion.
(a) company
(b) recognition
(c) inclusion
(d) isolated
Answer:
(d) isolated

Question 16.
Only in the afternoon she relaxed for a while.
(a) rested
(b) slept
(c) read
(d) worked
Answer:
(a) rested

Question 17.
Hundreds of birds created a veritable bedlam of chirruping.
(a) serenity
(b) speed
(c) confusion
(d) quieted
Answer:
(c) confusion

Question 18.
She fed the birds with frivolous rebukes.
(a) blessings
(b) scoldings
(c) praises
(d) Adornment
Answer:
(b) scoldings

Question 19.
The birds perched on her head or legs.
(a) slept
(b) danced
(c) flew
(d) sat
Answer:
(d) sat

Question 20.
She never shooed them away.
(a) chased
(b) invited
(c) let
(d) reanounced
Answer:
(a) chased

Question 21.
She was not even sentimental.
(a) emotionless
(b) emotional
(c) cool
(d) hateful
Answer:
(b) emotional

Question 22.
When I left I cherished the moist imprint on my forehead on the last sign of physical contact.
(a) forgot
(b) retained
(c) loitered
(d) wandered
Answer:
(b) retained

Question 23.
For several hours she thumped the sagging skins of the dilapidated drum.
(a) perfect
(b) solid
(c) met
(d) damaged
Answer:
(d) damaged

Question 24.
A peaceful pallor spread on her face.
(a) sickliness
(b) healthiness
(c) freshness
(d) rejuvenation
Answer:
(a) sickliness

Question 25.
We laid her on the ground and covered her with a rose shroud.
(a) saree
(b) chudidhar
(c) pant
(d) veil
Answer:
(d) veil

The Portrait of a Lady Antonyms

Question 1.
She had been old and her skin wrinkled for the twenty years I had known her.
(a) lined
(b) smooth
(c) marked
(d) folded
Answer:
(b) smooth

Question 2.
She had once been pretty.
(a) beautiful.
(b) plain / ugly
(c) graceful
(d) attractive
Answer:
(b) plain / ugly

Question 3.
He wore a loose fitting garment.
(a) free
(b) detached
(c) tight
(d) slim
Answer:
(c) tight

Question 4.
The thought was revolting.
(a) distasteful
(b) horrible
(c) nasty
(d) pleasing
Answer:
(d) pleasing

Question 5.
That seemed quite absurd.
(a) wise / logical
(b) silly
(c) illogical
(d) incongruous
Answer:
(a) wise / logical

Question 6.
She was alwavs spotless white.
(a) neat
(b) clean
(c) pine
(d) dirty
Answer:
(d) dirty

Question 7.
One hand was resting on her waist to balance her stoop
(a) hunch
(b) bent
(c) upright
(d) curved
Answer:
(c) upright

Question 8.
Her silver hair lav scattered.
(a) sprinkled
(b) untidy
(c) gathered
(d) divided
Answer:
(c) gathered

Question 9.
Her lips were moving constantly in inaudible naver.
(a) always
(b) persistently
(c) regularly
(d) inconstantly
Answer:
(d) inconstantly

Question 10.
She was an expanse of white serenitv.
(a) harmony
(b) peace
(c) equilibrium
(d) anxiety
Answer:
(d) anxiety

Question 11.
There was contentment in her face?
(a) satisfaction
(b) widespread
(c) dissatisfaction/discontentment
(b) pleasure
Answer:
(b) widespread

Question 12.
She was distressed.
(a) upset
(b) frightened
(c) anxious
(d) pleased
Answer:
(a) upset

Question 13.
She was not sentimental.
(a) emotional
(b) dispassionate / practical
(c) tender
(d) sad
Answer:
(b) dispassionate / practical

Question 14.
Grandma accepted her seclusion.
(a) loneliness
(b) segregation
(c) solitude
(d) association
Answer:
(d) association

Question 15.
We had to persuade her to avoid overstraining.
(a) accept
(b) dissuade
(c) motivate
(d) inspire
Answer:
(b) dissuade

Question 16.
She said her morning prayers in a monotonous sing-song voice.
(a) tiresome
(b) fragrant
(c) satisfying
(d) interesting
Answer:
(d) interesting

Question 17.
She rarely spoke to me after that.
(a) scarcely
(b) hardly
(c) always
(d) occasionally
Answer:
(c) always

Question 18.
They flew away quietly.
(a) noiselessly
(b) calmly
(c) composedly
(d) noisily
Answer:
(a) noiselessly

Question 19.
I cherished the moist imprint as the last sign of physical contact.
(a) marshy
(b) arid
(c) slimy
(d) sultry
Answer:
(b) arid

Question 20.
She fed the birds for a long time with frivolous rebukes.
(a) serious
(b) sad
(c) furious
(d) happy
Answer:
(a) serious

Question 21.
Only a few hours before the last chapter of her life she had omitted to pray
(a) isolated
(b) rejected
(c) contracted
(d) included
Answer:
(d) included

Question 22.
We protested.
(a) promoted
(b) apprehended
(c) accepted
(d) projected
Answers:
(c) accepted

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Prose

• The Portrait of a Lady Book Back Answers
• The Queen of Boxing Book Back Answers
• Forgetting Book Back Answers
• Tight Corners Book Back Answers
• The Convocation Address Book Back Answers
• The Accidental Tourist Book Back Answers

Once Upon A Time Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 1 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Poem 1 Once Upon A Time Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 1st Lesson Once Upon A Time Questions and Answers

Warm Up

Question (a)
Guess what friendly words these two gentlemen exchange when shaking hands.

Answer:
James: Hi John, great to see you. How are you? John: Hi James I’m fine. It is nice to see you.

Question (b)
The children in the picture are watching an exciting sporting event, where their school team is winning. Suggest suitable utterances reflecting their feelings:
Answer:

First child : Sixer…
Second child : Ramesh, the invincible.
Third child : My School Team is great!
Fourth child : Hurrah!
Fifth child : Fantastic six!
Sixth child : Wow, what a lovely shot!

Question (c)
Given a chance, any adult would wish to become a child again for many reasons. Fill the boxes with some of what you imagine could be the reasons.

e.g. I need not worry about project deadlines.
I can wear my pajamas the whole day.
I can sleep as long as I like.

Answer:

Reasons for wishing to become a child again.

e.g. I need not worry about project deadlines.	As man advances in years he ceases to be innocent.	Man doesn’t show his real feelings.	He reveals only that part of his personality which is worthy of acceptance.
I can wear my pajamas the whole day.	As everyone involves in a “make-believe” relationship, even good people are forced to wear masks, for the sake of keeping links alive.	The face is no more the index of the mind. It is inscrutable.	Even loud laughter could conceal a plot to topple.
I can sleep as long as I like.	People keep on changing their face mask like dresses.	We don’t know who are our real friends.	If we are frank, we gain real enemies and false friends.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Once Upon A Time Textual Questions

1 Based on your understanding of the poem answer the following questions in one or two sentences each:

Once upon a time, son
They used to laugh with their hearts
And laugh with their eyes:
But now they only laugh with their teeth
While their ice-block-cold eyes
Search behind my shadow.

There was a time indeed
They used to shake hands with their hearts
But that’s gone, son
Now they shake hands without hearts
While their left hands search
My empty pockets.

“Feel at home!”, “Come again”
They say, and when I come
Again and feel
At home, once, twice
There will be no thrice For then I find doors shut on me.
So I have learned many things, son

I have learned to wear many faces
Like dresses – home face
Office face, street face, host face
Cocktail face, with all their conforming smiles
Like a fixed portrait smile.
And I have learned too

To laugh with only my teeth
And shake hands without my heart
I have also learned to say “Goodbye”
When I mean “Good-riddance”
To say “Glad to meet you”
Without being glad; and to say “It’s been

Nice talking to you”, after being bored.
But believe me, son
I want to be what I used to be
When I was like you. I want
To unlearn all these muting things
Most of all, I want to relearn

How to laugh, for my laugh in the mirror
Shows only my teeth like a snake’s bare fangs!
So show me, son
How to laugh; show me how
I used to laugh and smile
Once upon a time when I was like you.

Question (i)
What do you associate with the title of the poem?
Answer:
The title of the poem makes us associate it with a fairy tale which has a happy beginning and ending.

Question (ii)
What is the relationship between the narrator and the listener?
Answer:
The narrator is the father. The son is the listener.

Question (iii)
What happens to the poet when he visits someone for the third time?
Answer:
When he visits someone for the third time their door remains shut for the poet.

Question (iv)
Pick out the expressions that indicate conflicting ideas.
Answer:
Conflicting ideas are expressed in the following phrases found in the poem: laugh with their teeth; shake hands without hearts; like a fixed portrait smile; “Glad to meet you” without really being glad and “It’s been nice talking to you”.

Question (v)
How does the poet compare his face with dresses?
Answer:
He often changes his face to that of changing dresses for suitable occasions.

Question (vi)
What does the poet mean when he says ‘goodbye’?
Answer:
When the poet says ‘goodbye’ he really means “good riddance”.

Question (vii)
What pleasantries does the poet use to fake cordiality?
Answer:
Goodbye, Glad to meet you and It’s been nice talking to you are the pleasantries.

Question (viii)
What does he desire to unlearn and relearn?
Answer:
The poet desires to unlearn the hypocrisies or unreal things he has learned to keep up appearances. He wants to relearn how to laugh and smile as he had done early during his own childhood days.

Question (ix)
How is the poet’s laugh reflected in the mirror?
Answer:
The poet’s laugh is reflected like a snake’s bare teeth.

Question (x)
What does the poet long for?
Answer:
The poet longs for the innocence of childhood days when he laughed with his heart.

Question (xi)
Mention the qualities the child in the poem symbolizes.
Answer:
The child is the symbol of innocence, purity, enthusiasm, happiness, and genuineness.

(2) Fill in the blanks choosing the words from the box given and complete the summary of the poem:

The poet Okara in this narrative monologue painfully condemns the (a) _______ displayed. by adults, both in their words and actions. Here, a father laments to his son about the negative changes that creep into the attitude and behaviour of humans, when they grow into (b) _______ He says that people used to be (c) _______ when they laugh arid the honesty would be reflected in their eyes. But, people of modem times laugh (d) _______ Their handshakes used to be warm and happy conveying a sense of togetherness, but nowadays the handshakes have become a mere (e) _______ He warns his son that people do not trustworthy and have become so selfish that they are concerned only about their own (J) _______ benefits. People utter words of welcome and exchange (g) _______ but those words come only from the tip of their tongues and not from the depth of their hearts. Humans have learned the art of changing their (h) _______ expressions according to situations merely to ensure social acceptance. They wear (i) _______ and exhibit multiple faces. The narrator admits that he has also changed into a hypocrite. However, he tells his son that though he (j) _______ his expressions, he does all these against his will. He says he wants to become a (k) _______ again and laugh genuinely. He wants to (k) _______ the unreal things and (m) _______ how to laugh as he had done once upon a time. When he laughs before the (n) _______ , he sees no expression. His teeth are bare like that of the (o) _______ of a snake. So, he asks his son to show him how to laugh the way he used to laugh when he was a kid like him.

relearn	adults	facial
personal	fangs	child
fakes	superficially	duplicity
genuine	unlearn	falsity
masks	mirror	pleasantries

Answer:

(a) falsity
(b) adults
(c) genuine
(d) superficially
(e) duplicity
(f) personal
(g) pleasantries
(h) facial
(i) masks
(j) fakes
(k) child
(l) unlearn
(m) relearn
(n) mirror
(o) fangs

(3) A. Interpret each of the following expressions used in the poem, in one or two lines.

Question (i)
laugh with their eyes
Answer:
Eyes are the gateways of souls. The love for fellow humans was explicit in the eyes when people laughed with their eyes.

Question (ii)
shake hands without hearts
Answer:
In modem times, a handshake is just a sign of cordiality. There is no human warmth. So, the poet says people laugh without heart.

Question (iii)
like a fixed portrait smile
Answer:
People have a fixed ready-made smile for all occasions. Their smiles are enigmatic and inscrutable. One can’t say whether the smile is meant to exhibit warmth or love.

Question (iv)
hands search my empty pockets
Answer:
Human contacts are not focused on building or creating a bond of love. When courtesies are being exchanged one weighs the other’s social status and financial position. It is like a business ritual.

Question (v)
to unlearn all these muting things
Answer:
The hypocrisies of people who feign to have love and respect for fellow humans need to be dispensed with. The poet realizes that he must unlearn all superficial and unnatural behaviours like portrait smiles and heartless handshakes.

B. Read the lines given below and answer the questions that follow:

Question (i)
‘But now they only laugh with their teeth,
While their ice-block-cold eyes… ’

Question (a)
Who are ‘they’?
Answer:
‘They’ refer to modem people.

Question (b)
Explain: ice-block-cold eyes
Answer:
Ice-block cold eyes’ means eyes lacking a feeling of warmth or endearing feelings like love, sympathy, and empathy.

Question (c)
Identify the figure of speech used here.
Answer:
‘Ice block cold eyes’ has been used as a metaphor. It implies that the man who laughs with his ice-cold block eyes has no real emotions. He looks through people.

(d) ‘Most of all, I want to relearn.
How to laugh, for my laugh in the mirror
Shows only my teeth like a snake’s bare fangs! ’

Question (a)
Why does the poet want to relearn how to laugh?
Answer:
The poet has forgotten to laugh naturally. He wants to relearn to laugh because his laugh in front of the mirror shows his teeth like a snake’s bare fangs.

Question (b)
Whom does the poet want to relearn from?
Answer:
The poet wants to relearn from his little son.

Question (c)
Mention the figure of speech used here.
Answer:
A simile is the figure of speech employed here in the last line.

C. Explain the following lines with reference to the context:

Question (i)
Once upon a time, son
They used to laugh with their eyes:
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem, “Once upon a time” written by Gabriel Okara.
Context: The poet says these words to his son while discussing his own happy, childhood days.
Explanation: The poet compares the behaviour of people in the past and those in modem times. He tells his son that people in the past used to laugh with their eyes. There was an expression of genuine warmth among f people when they laughed.

Question (ii)
There will be no thrice.
Answer:
Reference: This line is from the poem, “Once upon a time” written by Gabriel – Okara.
Context: People would say “feel at home” “come again” to keep appearances.’ This would cease if one visits a third time.
Explanation: The semblance of cordiality will disappear if one visits for the third; time to meet the people who used the aforesaid kind words. In fact, they would shut the door on his face. One should not believe those words and visit their houses frequently. I have learned to wear my faces Like dresses of changing their facial expressions according to the situations merely to ensure social acceptance. The poet also has started wearing faces like dresses, changing them according to fashion and season, and almost daily. He regrets his hypocrisy but is helpless.

Question (iii)
I have learned to wear my faces
Like dresses…
Reference: These lines are from the poem “Once Upon a Time” written by Gabriel Okara.
Context: The poet says these words while admitting how he himself started putting on appearances to conform to the changed attitude of people
in modem times.
Explanation: The poet registers his displeasure over the negative changes that have influenced the behaviour of adults. The adults have mastered the art

Question (iv)
I want to be what I used to be
Reference: This line is from the poem “Once upon a time” written by Gabriel Okara.
Context: The poet says these words while contrasting the present hypocrisy with his past genuine relationships.
Explanation: During childhood, the poet, like any child, laughed with human warmth. He used to express his love through his eyes. Now, he is changing his faces like dresses to suit the occasions and to ensure social acceptance. So, he wants to be what he used to be in childhood.

Additional Appreciation Questions

(i) ‘I have learned to wear many faces like dresses’

Question (a)
Who does ‘I’ refer to?
Answer:
‘I’ refers to the poet Gabriel Okara.

Question (b)
Why did the poet wear many faces?
Answer:
The poet wore many faces to suit the situation and to be accepted by fellow humans in society.

Question (c)
What is the figure of speech employed here?
Answer:
Simile – faces like dresses.

(ii) ‘Cocktail face, with all their conforming smiles Like a fixed portrait’

Question (a)
Why does the poet use the term “Cocktail” for the face?
Answer:
The face does not show a single emotion. It is no more the index of the mind. It is a combination of various emotions. So, the poet uses the term “cocktail face”.

Question (b)
What is the figure of speech employed in the first line?
Answer:
Metaphor is the figure of speech employed in the first line.

Question (c)
Identify the figure of speech employed in the second line.
Answer:
A simile is the figure of speech employed in the second line.

(4) Answer the following questions in about 100 – 150 words each:

Question (i)
Explain the things the poet has learned when he grew into an adult.
Answer:
The African poet observes a marked change in the altitude of Africans. Those who were once so genuine, warm and sincere, have now suddenly turned cold and hostile towards him. He realizes that the early values in African society like sincerity, good-naturedness, simplicity, whole-heartedness, hospitality, friendliness, originality, and uniqueness have now drastically changed. The earlier warmth and heartfulness has gone. He finds himself behaving the same way as those around him. He has learnt to wear different faces for different occasions. He wears faces like dresses. He says not what his heart tells him. His smiles are also fake. He smiles only to be socially accepted. He has learnt to say “Goodbye”. After being bored, he brings a fake smile and says “It’s been nice talking to you” when he meant “good-riddance”.

Question (ii)
This poem is nothing but criticism of modern life. Justify this statement.
Answer:
The poet’s understanding of adult society is extremely negative. The poet distinctly portrays how people in modem times have become hypocrites and fake emotions to be socially accepted. The phrases of hospitality they use “feel at home” and “come again” are fake that a third visit would be disallowed by the hosts. In modem times, people don’t value real emotions instead they value positions and possessions. Even while shaking r hands, they try to assess the material worth of a person. People don’t laugh with heart, Their ice-cold block eyes search the person they talk to. Most of them have acquired the skill of wearing a standard, deceitful, artificial smile on all occasions, i.e., “portrait smile”. Thus the poem is nothing but criticism of modem life.

Question (iii)
‘Face is the index of the mind.’ Does this adage concur with the views of the poet?
Answer:
Unlike the people of the past, people in modem times “laugh only with their teeth” while their ice-block cold eyes search for something. Now, people shake hands without hearts. There is no human warmth in social relations. While they shake hands, they look for. evidence to judge the financial status of a person. People say ‘feel at home’ and ‘come again’.

But if a person visits a third time he is not welcomed. They all have cocktail faces ready for all occasions. Their conforming smiles are like fixed portrait smile. They wear standard, deceitful, artificial smiles for all occasions. They have faces like masks. The poet has learned from them how to use faces like dresses, home face, office face, street face, host face, etc. Their faces, like the teeth of the elephant, show only what is accepted. The ugly side of their personality is cleverly hidden behind their deceitful smiles and polite words. So, the poet’s views do not concur with the adage “Face is the index of the mind”.

Additional Questions

Question (i)
Discuss the central theme and tone of the poem “Once upon a time”.
Answer:
The poem has mixed feelings of childhood, regret, and innocence. The child (son) in the poem is a symbol of innocence, purity, enthusiasm, happiness, and genuineness which are lacking in modem society. The child also represents a group of people not affected by western culture and abides by their own culture. Innocence is a fading aspect of man’s society. People always appear deceitful and cunning. The child acts without any malice. The poet finds himself behaving the same way others behave. He is also wearing faces like dresses. He has lost his true cultural identity. He does possess a different portrait smile, the fixed look for different occasions, the unnatural smile plastered across his face. The poet is struck by a sense of self-loathing and regret turns to his son to help him unlearn all unreal things and help him regain his child-hood innocence.

listening Activity

(5) First read the questions given below. Next, listen to an excerpt from a poem read out by your teacher or played in a recorder. Note how a child admires and praises the abilities of his/her father. Then tick the right answers from the options given.

(For listening to the poem refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation. in)
Father:
(by Edgar Albert Guest)

My father knows the proper way
The nation should be run;
He tells us, children, every day
Just what should now be done?
He knows the way to fix the trusts,
He has a simple plan;
But if the furnace needs repairs,
We have to hire a man.
My father, in a day or two
Could land big thieves in jail;
There’s nothing that he cannot do,
He knows no words like “fail.”
‘Our confidence” he would restore

Of that there is no doubt;
But if there is a chair to mend,
We have to send it out.
In conversation, the father can
Do many wondrous things;
He’s built upon a wiser plan
Then presidents or kings.
He knows the ins and outs of each
And every deep transaction;
We look to him for theories,
But look to ma for action

Question (i)
When the needs to be repaired, they have to hire a man.
(a) heater
(b) furnace
(c) stove
(d) oven
Answer:
(b) furnace

Question (ii)
Father knows no word like
(a) fail
(b) frail
(c) jail
(d) snail
Answer:
(a) fail

Question (iii)
It is certain that the father would restore the family members.
(a) glory
(b) prosperity
(c) confidence
(d) happiness
Answer:
(c) confidence

Question (iv)
The father will not be able to mend a broken
(a) table
(b) bench
(c) chair
(d) stool
Answer:
(c) chair

Question (v)
The children expect them to guide them in action.
(a) mother
(b) father
(c) teacher
(d) guardian
Answer:
(a) mother

Once Upon A Time About the Poet

Gabriel Okara (1921) is a Nigerian poet and novelist. His poems have been translated into many languages. Before establishing himself as an accomplished writer in 1960 he had written poems for Black Orpheus. He has conferred the best award for Literature at the Nigerian Festival of Arts in 1953. He was also honoured with the Commonwealth Poetry. Award. Okara’s specialty is that his poems emerge from everyday reality, merge with moments of delight and move back to reality making a complete circle. His prose and poetry were infused with African thought, folklore, and imagery. Okara’s poems show great sensitivity, perceptive judgments, and tremendous energy. This poem “Once Upon a Time” reminds one of William Wordsworth’s “Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollection of Early Childhood”. Okara illustrates the changes a father has seen in him throughout his life which have been influenced by the way the society has changed.

Once Upon A Time Summary

Poet Okara condemns false appearances projected by people to safeguard their own interests. He bemoans the loss of genuine laughter and deep relationship between friends when he was a kid. He is saddened by the inconsistent nature of people and how successfully they take emotions to suit their convenience and personal ends. They show false warmth during daily exchanges of courtesy and wear masks to prevent the discovery of their real feelings. The poet admits that he had also become a hypocrite like the rest and his reflection in the mirror does not reflect the warmth of human love but the fangs of a snake deadly enough to kill fellow humans. So, he requests his son to teach the forgotten art of spontaneous and genuine laughter similar to his boyhood days.

Once Upon A Time Glossary

Textual:
cocktail face-face showing mixed emotions conforming smiles like a fixed portrait smile – wearing a standard deceitful artificial smile on all occasions
fangs – teeth of a venomous snake, used to inject poison
good-riddance – an expression of relief at being free of an unwanted person
ice-block-cold eyes – eyes lacking a feeling of warmth or endearing expression
laugh with their teeth – to fake a laugh, laugh without associated emotions
search behind my shadow – people are hypocritical and they don’t mean what they say
while their left hands search my empty pockets – evaluating the narrator’s worth and power or calculating how he could be exploited

Additional:
deceitful – cunning
emotion – strong feelings
fake – untrue
falsehood – lie
genuine – real
hypocritical – insincere
hypocrite – dishonest person
inconsistent – changing
safeguard – protect
semblance – appearance

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Poem

• Once Upon A Time Book Back Answers
• Confessions of a Born Spectator Book Back Answers
• Lines Written in Early Spring Book Back Answers
• Macavity – The Mystery Cat Book Back Answers
• Everest is Not The Only Peak Book Back Answers
• The Hollow Crown Book Back Answers

The Queen of Boxing Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 2 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Lesson 2 The Queen of Boxing Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 2nd Lesson The Queen of Boxing Questions and Answers

Warm-up
We use various sports equipment to play different indoor and outdoor games. Now, associate the following sports equipment with their corresponding sports or games.

spear	racket	pawns	puck	stump	bow & arrow
Javelin	Tennis/ Squash’Badminton	Chess	Ice hockey	Cricket	Archery

club	oar	striker	sabre	dice	baton
Golf	Boating	Carrom	Fencing	Craps	Athletics

Question 1.
Have you won any medals? What are the levels to be accomplished to become an international sportsperson?
Answer:
Yes, I have won three medals. To become an international sportsperson, one has to clear district, regional, and national level sports contests.

Question 2.
What is your favourite sport? Do you play any sport?
Answer:
My favourite sport is cricket. I play cricket.

Question 3.
In India, the number of women pursuing careers in sports is considerably less, when compared to men. What do you think are the reasons? Discuss with a partner and share the ideas with the class.
Answer:
In India, the community looks at marriage as a culmination of a woman’s goal in life. Society is yet to recognize the potential of women players to compete with international players.

Question 4.
Here is a list of Indian women celebrities who are accomplished in the field of sports and games. Match their names with the sports or games they are associated with, by drawing lines. One has been done for you as an example.

Answer:

1. (d) badminton
2. (i) wrestling
3. (j) chess
4. (b) weight lifting
5. (k) shooting
6. (n) tennis
7. (i) squash
8. (c) swimming
9. (h) athletics
10. (J) hockey
11. (k) basketball
12. (e) cricket
13. (a) golf
14. (g) archery

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English The Queen of Boxing Textual Questions

1. Antonym:

A
(a) amateur
(b) compulsory
(c) traditional
(d) expensive
(e) hopeful
(f) accepted

B
professional	leader	eccentric
respective	elusive	cheap
unnecessary	supportive	ancillary
hateful	desperate	trivial
modem	fanciful	repulsive
fulfilled	refused	showered
invaluable	novice	optional
complex	antique	determined

Answer:
(a) Professional
(b) Optional
(c) Modern
(d) Cheap
(e) Desperate
(f) Refused

2. Based on your reading of the text, answer the following questions in two to three sentences each:

Question (a)
How did Mary Kom manage to get financial support for her trip to the USA?
Answer:
Mary Kom managed to get financial support for her trip with the help of her friend Only. Two MP’s donated her a princely sum of Rs 5,000/- and 3,000/- a few amounts were collected from the people. Mary Korns dad gave her Rs 2,000/-.

Question (b)
Why did Mary Kom think that she should not return empty-handed?
Answer:
Mary Korn’s dad had given all he had for her trip to the USA. Besides, her friends had raised funds through MPs. They had pinned their hopes on her. So, she thought she should not return empty-handed.

Question (c)
What was her first impression of America?
Answer:
She heard that things were expensive in America and people were nice. When she stepped in, she found it was cold, beautiful, and snow. Whatever she saw was pleasing to her eye.

Question (d)
Why did she call herself lucky’?
Answer:
Mary Kom was tired and suffering from jet lag. After weighing in, she found out that she did not have a match that day. Unlike her teammates, she could take rest well enough to face her opponent in the ring. So, she called herself lucky.

Question (e)
According to Mary Kom, what was the reason for her loss in the finals?
Answer:
The main reason for her loss in the finals was her loss of appetite. She was not accustomed to the food there and naturally, she started losing her weight.

Question (f).
What made her feel confident about the competitive players? Explain.
Answer:
She was heartbroken because she lost the gold. The coaches were kind and appreciated her for winning silver to medal-hungry India. She was the only person on the team to get a medal. The biggest thing she took away from World Women’s boxing championship in Pennsylvania, USA was the conviction that she could take on any boxer in the world.

Question (g)
What difficulty did she experience while eating Chinese food?
Answer:
She was given two chopsticks to eat her Chinese meals managing with the sticks to eat was the difficulty she faced.

Question (h)
How was she felicitated on her return to India?
Answer:
On her return, Mary Kom was given a warm welcome at the airport. Back at Imphal, she was greeted with garlands, drumbeats, and dancing. There was a victory procession across the town. A felicitation programme was held at Langol. People showered her with rich encomiums. She was presented with a traditional shawl.

Question (i)
What did she consider her greatest achievement? Why?
Answer:
Defeating Steluta Duta of Romania at the fourth world championships in New Delhi was one of her greatest achievements. She gained that victory at her home that is India.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
What did the first ‘silver’ mean to Mary Kom? Why?
Answer:
The first international silver medal in Boxing meant a lot to Mary Kom. The boxing contest and all that followed got clearly etched in her memory. Besides, it gave her the confidence that she could take on anyone in the ring in a boxing contest.

Question 2.
Why was Mary Kom dissatisfied with her first silver?
Answer:
Mary Kom was not satisfied with her .first silver medal because she knew she was good enough to win gold. So, she vowed to herself that the next time she would win gold in future tournaments.

Question 3.
Why did Mary Kom want a Government job?
Answer:
A Government job alone can bring long-term security and a steady income. After her first win, she was getting married. She had no savings. So, she wanted a Government job, both to support herself and to pursue her dreams.

Question 4.
How did the Sub-Inspector job give Mary Kom the required flexibility to follow her dreams? [OR] How does a Government job on sports quota support sportsmen?
Answer:
She got a sub-Inspector job on sports quota from Manipur Government. Persons appointed under sports quota need not attend office regularly. They tend to be away either at practice camps or at the tournaments most of the year. They went to the office only when necessary. Thus Government job on sports quota helped Mary Kom (sportsperson) pursue her dream. with the most required financial security.

Question 5.
What was the speculation of Mary Korn’s friends and family members? How did Mary Kom explode it?
Answer:
Mary Kom’s friends and family members speculated that she may not continue to win medals in boxing after marriage. She retained the world title in the third World Women’s Championship at Podolsk in Russia in 2005 and fourth in 2006. Thus, she exploded the speculation and myth that women may not achieve stardom in sports after marriage.

3. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of about 100-150 words each:

Question (i)
Describe Mary Kom’s personal experiences during her first International Championship match from the time of selection to winning the medal.
Answer:
Mary Kom flew to Pennsylvania, USA to compete under 48 kg World Womens’s Boxing Championship in 2001. On landing, she rushed to the sports arena and weighed. She was lucky as she could rest enough to face her opponent the following day. As soon as she won her opponent in the first match, she gained enormous confidence. Her fear of facing new opponents in the ring vanished completely. While her team-mates went on losing one after another, she went on to reach the finals. She was even hopeful of winning gold. She had defeated Nadia Hokmi of Poland by RSC.

She also defeated Jamie Behai of Canada by 219. The greatest disadvantage just before finals was that she lost her appetite. She was not accustomed to American food. However hard she tried, she could not eat. She lost her weight. She was just 46 kg before the finals. This cost her, her long cherished dream of gold medal and she lost to Hula Sahin of Turkey 13-5. She won her silver but was very sad. But the biggest thing she took home from Pennsylvania was not the medal but the conviction that she could take on any boxer in the world.
“Some people want it to happen, some wish it would happen, others make it happen.”

Question (ii)
Lack of adequate financial resources and sponsorships often affect sports persons. How is this evident from Mary Kom’s life?
Answer:
It is a true fact that many talented sports personalities are not able to shine on time just because of their poor financial resources. In this story we come to know that though Mary Kom got selected for World Women’s Boxing championship in Pennsylvania, she found it very difficult to move there just because of her poor financial background. It was her friend Only, a few students and elders who helped her in receiving a donation from two MPs and a few people.

This incident makes us think of the fact that whenever some talented sports personalities got selected for national or international level competition, it is the duty of the government to gather information about their personal and financial background. If they find any setbacks based on the sportsperson’s financial background immediately they must arrange for some financial resources and sponsorships.

Only then a country can bring out the innate talent of many sports personalities. If Mary Kom was rendered such type of helping hands at the beginning of her career it was a sure fact that she might have brought laurels to her country even earlier.

Question (iii)
Why was Mary Kom named the “Queen of Boxing” and “Magnificent Mary”?
Answer:
After Mary Kom’s first silver medal in Pennsylvania in 2001, there was no looking back. Her medal haul continued even after her marriage putting an end to the speculation of family and friends that her marriage may slow down her career progression. She retained the world title in the Third World Women’s Boxing Championship at Podolsk in Russia in 2005. She won her fourth gold also in 2006. She had won several golds for India from 2001 to 2004. She had won all the Senior Women’s Boxing Championships, Second Women’s Championship (2002), Second Asian Women’s Boxing Championship at Hisar (2003), and the Witch Cup Boxing Championship at Paes, Hungary.

There, were a number of other International World Championships in Taiwan, Vietnam, Denmark, and so on. But it was retaining her World title in 2006 by defeating Steluta Duta of Romania which was considered as Mary Kom’s greatest achievement in life. With this hat-trick of World Championship wins, the media christened her, “Queen of Boxing” and “Magnificent Mary”.
“Don’t quit; suffer now; so that you can live the rest of your life like a Queen.”

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Mary Kom had an intention that her first championship contest would be a turning point in her life. How did this self-fulfilling prophecy turn out to be true?
Answer:
On landing at Pennsylvania, Mary Kom didn’t have time to stand and stare. The weather was ’ chill but the people were enormously warm in the American soil. She kept telling herself that she could beat anyone in the ring. Her fear of facing opponents vanished. As her team-mates had to take in opponents soon after reaching USA, they started losing in a succession. But her first win against Nadia Hokmi of Poland (RSC) and at the semi-finals against Jamie Behai of Canada by 21-9 gave her a feeling that the championship contest in Pennsylvania would be a turning point in her life. She lost her gold but she was lauded for her silver medal by the kind coaches. The match gave her an invaluable conviction that she could take on any boxer in the world. On return, Delhi gave her a warm welcome.

Back in Imphal, there was a victory procession. At Langol, there was a felicitation programme. People were liberal with their praise. She was presented with the traditional shawl. Her hero, Oja Ibomcha was also present. She spoke at Langol of her hope of winning gold for India. From 2001 – 2004 she won many International and National titles. She was recognized by the Government of Manipur which gave her a Sub-Inspector job. This addressed all her financial worries and she could focus on her dream alone. She is the only woman boxer to have won a medal in earth one-of six World Championship. She was honoured with Padma Shri in 2010 and Padma Bhushan in 2013 for her achievements in Sports. She lived up to her fulfilling prophecy in her Sports Career.

“If you are persistent, you will get it. If you are consistent, you will keep it. ”

Vocabulary

A. Write the expanded forms of the following abbreviations, we commonly come across in our daily life:

1.	IELTS
2.	GST
3.	TNPSC
4.	STD
5.	ISD
6.	MBA
7.	MHRD
8.	GPS
9.	ns’s
10.	PTA
11.	NGO
12.	ICU
13.	IIM
14.	MRI
15.	EGG
16.	NCC
17.	LED
18.	CPU
19.	CBSE
20.	GDP
21.	LCD
22.	NRI
23.	IIT
24.	ITI

Answers:

1.	IELTS	International English Language Testing Service
2.	GST	Goods and Service Tax
3.	TNPSC	Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission
4.	STD	Subscribers’ Trunk Dialling
5.	ISD	International Subscribers’ Dialling
6.	MBA	Master of Business Administration
7.	MHRD	Ministry of Human Resource Development
8.	GPS	Global Positioning System
9.	NAS	National Social Service
10.	PTA	Parent Teachers’ Association
11.	NGO	Non-Governmental Organization
12.	ICU	Intensive Care unit
13.	IIM	Indian Institute of Management
14.	MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging
15.	EGG	Electro Cardio Gram
16.	NCC	National Cadet Corps
17.	LED	Light Emitting Diode
18.	CPU	Central Processing Unit
19.	CBSE	Central Board of Secondary Education
20.	GDP	Gross Domestic Product
21.	LCD	Liquid Crystal Display
22.	NRI	Non Residential Indian
23.	IIT	Indian Institute of Technology
24.	ITI	Industrial Training Institute

B. Note the underlined words in the sentences below. They are antonyms formed by adding prefixes ‘un’ and ‘dis’ to the base words, for example.

The boxers were not unbeatable as I had earlier thought.
The greatest disadvantage for me was my loss of appetite.
Now form the opposites of the words given below by prefixing ‘un’, ‘in’, ‘dis’, ‘ir’, ‘il’ appropriately.

– fortunate	– regular	– continue	– comfortable
– respect	– active	– decent	– aware
– rational	– agree	– legitimate	– necessary
– direct	– obedient	– regular	– finite

Answer:

unfortunate	irregular	discontinue	uncomfortable
disrespect	inactive	indecent	unaware
irrational	disagree	illegitimate	unnecessary
indirect	disobedient	irregular	infinite

C. Idioms related to Sports: 

Question 1.
Match the idioms with their meanings:

1. throw in the towel – (a) state of near collapse or defeat
2. in our comer – (b) unfair or unsporting behaviour
3. on the ropes – (c) prepare for a conflict
4. below the belt – (d) on your side in an argument or dispute
5. square off – (e) to give up

Answer:

1. (e)
2. (d)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

Listening Activity

Read the questions based on the running commentary of a cricket match. Then, listen to the running commentary of the match read out by your teacher or played on the recorder and tick the right answers.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.in)

49th over, first ball, Kulasekara to Yuvraj, 1 run, yorker outside off, dug out to point, Yuvraj and Dhoni scamper through for a single. Perfect time for Dhoni to hit the winning runs. He deserves to hit the runs. Second ball, Kulasekara to Dhoni, SIX!! India are World Champions! A nation of a billion will sleep well tonight. What a shot to end the game! Yuvraj can’t control his emotions. He is in tears. Sachin runs in from the dressing room and is mobbed. What marvellous scenes in Mumbai! Dhoni got under the length ball and absolutely hammered that out of sight and out of the park. The White Kookaburra soared over the fence. Bhajji too is in tears. 28 years in waiting and the helicopter shot has brought an end to the game.

The finishers of old times Dhoni and Yuvraj, who were popularly called ‘ The Finishers ’ against Pakistan and Sri Lanka a few years ago, took the game closer and a thrilling finish was on the cards. They needed 30 off 30 deliveries when the batting power play became mandatory. Could they do it? They were up against a lethal bowler in Malinga. Just three runs of the Malinga over meant the Indians needed 27 off the next four overs. There were nerves all around, but the two batsmen in the middle looked to be in a different world altogether. The pressure was just a distant relative and they kept their cool to help India romp home with 10 deliveries to spare.

Question 1.
Who faced the first ball in the 49th over?
(a) Kulasekara
(b) Yuvraj
(c) Dhoni
(d) Sachin
Answer:
(b) Yuvraj

Question 2.
Which batsman hit a sixer?
(a) Kulasekara
(b) Bajji
(c) Dhoni
(d) Yuvraj
Answer:
(c) Dhoni

Question 3.
Where was the match held?
(a) Chennai
(b) Delhi
(c) Calcutta
(d) Mumbai
Answer:
(d) Mumbai

Question 4.
Who was popularly called ‘The Finishers’?
(a) Dhoni and Yuvaraj
(b) Bajji and Malinga
(c) Gambhir and Yuvaraj
(d) Perara and Malinga
Answer:
(a) Dhoni and Yuvaraj

Question 5.
How many runs did India need to win the match in the last four overs?
(a) 30
(b) 21
(c) 37
(d) 27
Answers
(d) 27

Speaking Activity

In a group of five, discuss the following topic taking examples from Mary Kom’s life. Athletes cannot run with money in their pockets. They must run hope in their heart and dreams in their head.

Mr.A : In my opinion, every sportsman is not born with a silver spoon in his mouth. Many sportsmen have come from very poor backgrounds.

Mr.B : I whole heartedly support your view, even Milka Singh, the flying Sikh had his humble beginnings.

Miss.C : At the outset, let me tell you, it is the burning desire in one’s heart that propels one to succeed in sports.

Mr.A : I should like to draw your attention to the fact that even former skipper Kapil Dev even did not have enough food when he began his career in cricket. The mess boy even refused to give him a few chapattis more during practice sessions. He commanded the respect of everyone with his batting and bowling skills.

Mr.B : New sports stars like Bhuvaneswar Kumar who took five wickets in the latest T-20 cricket in South Africa are also from a humble home.

Miss C : Similar to Mary Kom, I wish to share with you about the rising star of the Indian women’s Hockey team. She is Rani Rampal, who was bom in a very poor family. Her dad was a driver of a horse-drawn cart in a small village called Shahabad in Haryana. She was impressed with many hockey players landing in jobs in Indian Railways as a result of their performance in Hockey games. At the age of six, she walked to the Hockey academy coach Mr. Baldev Singh. She disclosed her dream of becoming a Hockey Champion and replacing the leaky hut with a good house.

Baldev Singh considered her too young to start practice and asked her to come after some time. She met him again after a few days and begged him to take her in. Impressed, he admitted her. People protested that a young girl was practicing a boy’s game. Her parents ignored the protest. They had no money to buy her even the uniform or the hockey stick. One day, she came late for her practice. Baldev Singh being a dedicated coach got angry and imposed a penalty of Rs 200/-.

Miss E : Dear friends, I would also like to highlight a girl rising as a volleyball champion from Tamil Nadu. She has become a star player giving hopes to Tamil Nadu. She is Michael Nandhini (16). She hails from Tharuvaikulam, Thoothukudi district. She is studying in Std XI, like us, in the Government Higher Secondary School in her own village. She has represented the Tamil Nadu Sub-Junior Volley Ball team and helped Tamil Nadu bag a Silver medal in Rajasthan. Her father and brother are coolies.

But she cherishes the dream of playing for India in the International games. The challenge for her is to scale over the threatening poverty at home and touch stardom in sports. Nandhini wants to break the vicious cycle of poverty by training herself in volleyball. She is also making her mark in athletic events such as long jump, triple jump, 100 meters, and 200-meter races. The balls she hits over the net may help her scale over the poverty line.

Mr. A : MS Dhoni is also from a small tribal village. Today he is rich and famous but it was his hard work and dream for India that made him great.

Miss E : Well, Shikhar Dhawan who has hit 72 runs out of 39 balls is a legend who guides India to success during critical situations.

Mr. B : Why have you left Virat Kohli? He leads by example. He has proved to the world that if you believe in your dreams you can beat any team in the world:

Mr. A : Yes, with persistence and hard work one can grow from rags to riches.

Reading

The passage given is on Kabbadi. Read the passage and complete the activities that follow.

Kabbadi (கபடி – in Tamil) is a contact team sport that originated in Tamil Nadu, India. It is the national sport of Bangladesh. It is also popular in South Asia and is the state game of the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, and Telangana,

Kabbadi is played between two teams of seven players: the objective of the game is for a . single player on offence referred to as a “raider” to run into the opposing team’s half of a court, tag out as many of their defenders as possible, and return to their own half of the court-all without being tackled by the defenders. Points are scored for each player tagged by the raider, while the opposing team earns a point for stopping the raider. Players are taken out of the game if they are tagged or tackled but can be “revived” for each point scored by their team from a tag or tackle. The raider should hold his breath and utter the words like “Kabbadi, Kabbadi; hututu, hututufchadu, kudu;” etc. while the opponents try to catch him. If he stops uttering these words, he is considered out.

The game is known by its regional names in different parts of the subcontinent, such as Kabbadi or Chedugudu in Andhra Pradesh, Kabbadi in Kerala and Telangana, Hadudu in Bangladesh, Bhavatik in Maldives, Kauddi or Kabbadi in the Punjab Region, Hu-Tu-Tu in Western India and Hu-Do-Do in Eastern India and Chadakudu in South India. The highest governing body of Kabbadi is the International Kabbadi Federation.
Given below is the visual presentation of the first paragraph.

Given below is the visual presentation of the first paragraph.

I. Represent the other paragraphs in a visual form of your choice. (flow chart, mind-map, pie-chart, etc.)

II. Choose the correct option.

Question 1.
A contact sport usually involves a
(a) violent
(b) gentle
(c) Physical
Answer:
(c) Physical

Question 2.
Kabbadi is a game played between
(a) seven teams of two players
(b) two teams of seven players
(c) four teams of seven players
Answer:
(b) two teams of seven players

Question 3.
A single
(a) player on offence is referred to as a raider.
(b) offence is reffered to as a raider.
(c) raider is an offence by the player. .
Answers:
3. (a) player on offence is referred to as a raider

III. Answer the following.

Question 1.
How does a raider score points for his team?
Answer:
A raider runs into the area of opponents (i.e.) defenders who are secure in half part of the Kabbadi court. He tries to tag out as many as possible. If he. tags two defenders, the offence team wins two points.

Question 2.
When does a raider concede a point to the opponent team?
Answer:
A raider concedes a point to the opposing team when he is tackled successfully by the defenders. .

Question 3.
Can a player be revived when he/she is out of the game? Explain your answer.
Answer:
If a defender is tagged by a raider, one member from the raider’s team can be revived. Similarly, a defender can be revived if his team tackles a raider.

Question 4.
Kabbadi is called by different names in different parts of India. Do you know how Pallankuzhi is called in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala?
Answer:
Pallanguzhi/Pallankuzhi is called Ali gulimare in Karnataka; Vamana guntalu in Andhra Pradesh and Kuzhipara in Kerala.

Grammar

Modal Verbs

A. Choose the correct word to complete the following sentences. (Modal Verbs)

Question 1.
We are not completely sure but Kishore comes _____ back tomorrow.
(a) needn’t
(b) may
(c) ought
Answer:
(b) may

Question 2.
When Koushik was a child, he _____ play in the street.
(a) won’t
(b) must
(c) used to
Answer:
(c) used to

Question 3.
_____ I have some more juice, please?
(a) Could
(b) Needn’t
(c) Would
Answer:
(a) Could

Question 4.
I _____ believe my eyes. Is Santhosh the one who is standing over there?
(a) couldn’t
(b) mustn’t
(c) can’t
Answer:
(c) can’t

Question 5.
Dinesh _____ be the richest person in the village. He’s just bought two luxury cars.
(a) may not
(b) ought
(c) must
Answer:
(c) must

Question 6.
Imran _____ have studied more for the final exam than playing.
(a)would
(b) should
(c) can
Answer:
(b) should

Question 7.
My house _____ decorating as I’m tired of the old furniture.
(a) could
(b) may
(c) needs
Answer:
(c) needs

Question 8.
I _____ rather request you to check my exercise before giving it to the teacher.
(a) would
(b) should
(c) ought to
Answer:
(a) would

Question 9
_____ I use your mobile phone? It’s an emergency.
(a) Must
(b) May
(c) Won’t’
Answer:
(b) May

Question 10.
In schools, students _____ wear uniforms. It is compulsory.
(a) should
(b) must
(c) may
Answer:
(a) should

Question 11.
Nirmala’s daughter _____ write perfectly when she was seven.
(a) might
(b) could
(c) mustn’t
Answer:
(b) could

Question 12.
I _____ let you know when I have more information about the matter.
(a) would
(b) shall
(c) can’t
Answer:
(b) shall

B. Practice your modal verbs. Look at these signs and write down the rules, regulations or advice they convey using the modal verbs given below.
(can – could – may – might – must – ought to – shall – should – will – would)

1. Nobody should trespass in this area
2. Those who enter this area must wear chemical goggles for safety.
3. Danger zone-materials may fall on visitors.
4. Visitors may contact the office for information pertaining to this factory.
5. Loitering must be avoided. This gate should be used only for the exit.
6. You should walk carefully, the floor is slippery.
7. Unauthorized persons should not enter.
8. You should bend your knees while lifting heavy materials

C. Read the following passage adapted from ‘Three Men in a Boat’ and fill in the blanks with appropriate modals and read the paragraph aloud.

I thought I will go to the British Museum today to read the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touch. I (1) _____ read all I wanted to read and then felt I (2) _____ begin to study diseases. I started to generally turn the leaves idly.(I came to typhoid fever, read the symptoms, and discovered I (3) _____ (be) having it for months without knowing it. Cholera, I had severe complications. Diphtheria, I (4) _____ have been born with. I was relieved to find that Bright’s disease, I had only in a modified form as so far as that was concerned, I (5) _____ live for years. The only disease I (6) _____ conclude I had not got was a housemaid’s knee. I sat and pondered. I tried to feel my heart. I (7) _____ (not feel) my heart. I walked into the reading room as a happy healthy man but crawled out as a decrepit wreck.
Answer:

1. could
2. must
3. was
4. must
5. would
6. could
7. could not feel

Prepositions And Prepositional Phrases:

(on, off. up, in, out. above, below, over, under, to, from, with, without, before, aller. at. f during, according to, ahead of, a part of. from, as far as, in spite of, owing to. in addition to, in case of, in front of, but for, on account of, on behalf of, with reference to etc.)

Sometimes, a sentence can end with a preposition. Read the sentences given below.

1. This seat is not very comfortable to sit ________
2. My father gave me some pictures to look ________
3. Was it worth waiting ________ ?

Answers:

1. in
2. at
3. for

(A) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions.

Question (i)
In case (1) ______ difficulty, you should refer (2) ______ a dictionary and then respond (3) ______ the question.
Answer:

1. of
2. to
3. to

Question (ii)
The clothes that he has put (1) ______. are very impressive. He is going (2) ______ his hometown to pay homage (3) ______ the village head.;
Answer:

1. on
2. to
3. to

Question (iii)
The nearest hospital (1) ______ this place is (2) ______ a distance of twenty. kilometers. You can reach it either (3) ______ car or (4) ______ a bicycle.
Answer:

1. in
2. at
3. by
4. by

(B) Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks with suitable prepositions and read the paragraph aloud for a better understanding of the use of prepositions.

Mr. Beek of New Jersey has invented a floating life-preserver, which gives complete protection (1) _____ people who have been shipwrecked. The upper section is large enough for the wearer to be able to move his head and arms (2) _____, and a month’s supply (3) _____ food and drinking water can also be stored (4) _____ it. The cover can be closed in rough weather, and the wearer can see (5) _____ the window in the front, and breathe (6) _____ a curved pipe. The life preserver is made (7) _____ waterproof cloth attached (8) _____ circular metal tubes, which protect the wearer (9) _____ sharp rocks and hungry fish.
Answers:

1. for
2. out
3. of
4. in
5. through
6. through
7. of
8. to
9. from

(C) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences, using prepositions if necessary.

Question (i)
The new machines are quite different (1) _______ the old ones. They are able to work (2) _______ a much faster pace, a substantially reduced risk (3) _______. the environment.
Answer:

1. from
2. at
3. to

Question (ii)
The students discussed the problem (1) _______ themselves. However, they did not arrive
(2) _______ any conclusion. They went (3) _______ their class teacher and discussed (4) _______ her. She gave a solution (5) _______ it and they were happy.
Answer:

1. among
2. at
3. to
4. with
5. for

(D) Do you know what happened to the Titanic, the largest ship to sail then? She hit an iceberg and sank into the Atlantic Ocean. Now choose the right word and complete the paragraph. Read the paragraph aloud.

The wreck (1) _____ (up/of) the RMS Titanic lies (2) _____ ( in/at)a depth of (3) _____ (about/ above) 12,500 feet, about 370 miles south east (4) _____ (of/off) the coast of Newfoundland. It lies (5) _____ (in/on) two main pieces about a third (6) _____ (of/off) a mile apart. The bow is still largely recognizable (7) _____ (with/ within) many preserved interiors, despite the damage it sustained hitting the sea floor. A debris field (8) _____ (of/around) the wreck contains thousands (9) _____ (on/ of) items spilled (10) _____ (from/of) the ship as it sank. She sank (11) _____ (in/at) the year 1912.
Answer:

1. of
2. at
3. about
4. off
5. in
6. of
7. with
8. around
9. of
10. from
11. in

(E) Solve the crossword using the clues given

Across

2. We fought _____ the measure. (7)
9. The cat climbed _____ the tree. (2)
11. Cats are _____ dogs. (6)
14. Let’s walk _____ the park. (7)
16. The vegetables were planted _____ the apple tree. (6)
17. Banu sings _____ a bird. (4)
19. Subash is the president _____ our class. (2)
20. We live _____ the river. (2)
22. The bank is _____ the park. (8)
25. I saw John waving _____ the crowd. (5)
29. I have a present _____ you. (3)
32. He ran _____ us. (7)
7. The cat jumped _____ the table. (4)
10. My story is shorter _____ yours. (4)
13. Put the cookie _____ the jar. (2)
18. My story is _____ my pets. (5)
21. Let’s walk _____ class together. (4)
23. We live _____ the city limits. (6)
28. I am more cautious _____ the fall. (5)
31. We strolled _____ the river. (5)
33. The leaves had collected _____ the trees. (7)

Answer:

2. against
7. onto
9. up
10. than
11. unlike
13. in
14. through
16. Beside
17. like
18. about
19. of
20. by
21. into
22. opposite
23. within
25. above
28. since
29. for
31. along
32. between
33. beneath

Down

1. put the book _____ the table. (4)
3. Desert will be served _____ dinner. (5)
2. Please treat us _____ equals. (2)
4. My house is _____ school. (4)
5. We walked _____ the store. (2)
6. No eating _____ class. (6)
8. The book fell _____ my desk. (3)
11.I will not leave _____ the speech is finished. (5)
12. The store is open everyday _____ Sunday. (3)
15. The dog is____ the house. (7)
16. The cat is hiding _____ my bed.
19. The cat jumped _____ the dog. (4)
20. He is hiding _____ the bookcase.
22. Dinner is _____ the table (2)
24. I put my hands _____ my Pockets. (6)
26. We will eat _____ the play. (6)
27. The cat is sleeping the bed. (5)
29. This letter is ______ my aunty. (4)
30. We ran ______ the other kids. (4)

Answer:

1. upon
2. as
3. after
4. near
5. to
6. during
8. off
11. until
12. but
15. outside
16. below
19. over
20. behind
22. on
24. inside
26. before
27. under
29. from
30. past

Writing

A. Note-making:
The decline of Traditional Games

I. Modern child Vs child of prev. gen.:

Question (a)
Games modern children play
Answer:
Cricket – Tennis – Football – West origin – unidimensional – just hit & run in nature – hand-eye co-ordination only

Questions (b)

Question (i)
Games played in 1970’s
Answer:
Variety of outdoor games – Kabbadi, Goli, Ghilli, Pandi, Adupuliyattam

Question (ii)
Indoor Games
Answer:
Dhayakkattam, Paramapadham, Pallanguzhi

Question (iii)
Advantages
Answer:

• Retain rich culture & value pass on ancestral knowledge
• sharpen our observance
• math skills

II. Potential of Traditional games:
(a) can dvp. a lot of skills like logical thinking, bldg, strategy, concentration, basic math, aiming etc.

III. Traditional Games – Learning Aids:
(a) Teach How to treat success & failure
(b) dvp. sensory skills
(c) count add
(d) Improve motor skills
(e) Hand-eye coordination

IV. Values Gained:
(a) Envt. – friendly values
(b) Chance to learn abt. our cultural history.
(c) Suitable for all ages
(d) Interaction between generations
Conclusion:
(e) Modem games – origin in our traditional games-pride

B. Summarising:

Task: On the basis of your understanding of the given sample, make notes of the following text and write a summary in about 75 words.

Paralympic Games

Summarising is to briefly sum up the various points given in the notes made from the original passage. It is a retrieval of information from the notes made. Hence, while writing it, one need not go back to the original passage but refer only to the notes made. A first draft will help us to write a fair summary.

Rough Draft
The worrisome decline of Traditional games
I Most-efLthemodem children play cricket, Tennis, football originated in the west that is uni-dimensioned and-develop only hand and eye coordination, Traditional indoor games like Dayakkattam, Parama PadKaSirPallanguzhi, Pandi or Adupuliyattam and outdoor games, like Kabbadi, Gobi and Ghilli are legacy oflirSemLJcnow 1 edge. They develop logical thinking, basic math, sensory skills, and improve motor skillsTGne~vanJiaye great fun either playing or watching traditional games. By playing traditional games we leam about our culture and enhance interaction between generations. It is a matter of pride that many moderirgaraes originated from traditional Indian games.

Fair draft
Modern Games Vs Traditional Games
Modem games like Tennis, Cricket, and football develop only hand-eye coordination and are unidimensional in nature, whereas traditional indoor and outdoor games are inherited the legacy of our ancestral knowledge. Each traditional game is a learning aid helping us develop, sensory skills and improve motor skills and enhance inter-generational bondage too. It is a pride that traditional games influenced modem games.

C. Debate is an essential skill and your classroom is the best place to practice this skill. Your teacher will now divide the class into two groups and organize a debate on the topic “Fast food tastes better than nutritious food.” The following points may help you to participate and speak in a debate. One group will speak FOR the motion and the other group will speak AGAINST the motion. Now prepare a speech for the debate.

Debate
Fast Food Tastes Better Than Nutritious Food
Preethi: Respected principal, teachers, and my dear friends, good morning to you all. I am Preethi from XI ‘B’ section. I am before you to talk in favour of the topic, “Fast food tastes better than nutritious food”. At the outset, I would like to tell you all that change is inevitable. Nowadays we have the world in our palm and we can order any food that we like online or just by a phone call. Pizza, Noodles, and Crispy KFC chicken are delivered to us at our doorstep. People who are jealous of the variety of foods we have, accuse us of wasting money and eating junk food.

But if they are so, would the central Government and sanitary Inspectors permit the proliferation of fast-food chains and open the doors for foreign fast-food joints like Domino’s, PizzaHut, KFC, and McDonald’s restaurants in all big and small cities of India. Quick service restaurants hope to expand further. The parents, also wish to take children out for eating in Quick Service Restaurants. Friends do you know that the United Nation’s Economic situation and prospects in 2018 estimated that India will grow by 7.2% in 2018 and accelerate to 7.47 in 2019.

Judge: Now I invite Sangeetha to present her case against fast food Sangeetha Respected Principal/Headmaster, teacher, and my dear friends whenever a nation moves away from its cultural moorings and natural food habits it is doomed for a health disaster. My heartfelt sympathies are for my friends in the fast-food team because they don’t know what they are doing. Friends, please try to understand the scientific truth that burgers, fried crispy items, pizza, and the like are important food items not designed to suit our physical needs.

Besides, the taste is not the only thing. Nutrition is more important. Sprouts, greens, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, nourish our health. All the traditional food items our ancestors have left us have excellent nutritional value. Even the simple rasam made of Tamarind water has its rich nutritional value as it has ingredients of pepper, garlic etc. Young ones are now becoming victims of obesity because of their addiction to eating fast food and spending long hours before T.V. Our team is really worried about blind shifting over to fast food. Health is more important than pleasing your palate.

If you don’t change and return to nutritious traditional food consumption, we will be producing a large number of the well-fed sick younger generation. Do you want India to be populated by people who can’t play and have fun but just eat junk food, become fat and die early? No, I appeal to my friends in the opponent team to concede defeat and mend their ways before it is too late. We come across juvenile diabetics, digestion- related problems, and cholesterol increase among young children.
Even the beverages children take like Pepsi, Coke, and the likes are harmful to health. School canteens are offering foods, high in fat and sugar. Such food increases body weight among children and causes infection, food poisoning, and dental diseases. As a

concluding remark, I would like to say, the practice of high consumption of junk foods, like noodles, burgers, Pao-bhaji, sandwiches, hot dogs, patties, pastries, popcorn, potato chips, carbonated drinks, kulcha channa, Pani puri, samosa have become common food items of adolescent children in India. As per the WHO report, let me repeat, claims more than 3% of children in India are obese. It is time to get over your addiction to junk food. Instead, you can take healthy food such as fermented foods, wheat noodles by adding a lot of vegetables, sprouted pulses, vegetable cutlets, and multi-grain bread, etc. Should you pay health for your taste? Don’t dig your own grave with your teeth. There are enough undertakers and cremation facilities. Don’t rush to death, live a healthy life. Thank you one and all.

Judge: Based on the arguments, I am glad to announce that the person who spoke against fast food has won. Please avoid junk food and stay healthy.

D. Writing an article:

Task: Read and understand the data presented in the pie-chart below on factors affecting health, and write an article for your school magazine highlighting the fact that it’s our lifestyle that determines how healthy we remain. Write your article in about 150 words. Give a suitable title too.

Cause For Diseases

For a billion-plus population in India, the medical facilities are restricted to only 10% of the population. As the poorest of the poor ‘ can’t afford to buy health services, their health gets affected and they die early. The pollution levels in all the metropolitan cities are growing to alarming levels. Lung-related diseases are caused by the toxic fumes released by two-wheelers and four-wheelers. The study reveals 19% of diseases are caused due to pollution. Of course, there are 20% of diseases genetically inherited from parents. TB and diabetes are said to be some of the inherited diseases.

Now doctors are trying to isolate the gene that causes terminal illness and correct it during pregnancy itself. Such advanced health care and preventive support may not be available for poor countries. 51% of the causes of illness is jointly shared by lifestyle, smoking, obesity, stress, diet, nutrition, and blood pressure. Lifestyle and stress are inter-related.

Hectic work schedules, lack of sleep, eating disorders contribute to stress, and high level of blood pressure. Due to addiction to android games and TV shows, young ones neglect to play in open grounds. They are glued to small or big screens and keep eating chips, fries, and heavily advertised junk food. Poor people don’t give nutritious food to children. Malnourishment leads to various diseases. Some children lose their eyesight due to vitamin deficiency. Politicians should focus on investing money in sports and games and health care delivery systems that give good health care to all freely.

The Queen of Boxing About the Author

Mary Kom is a boxer and the winner of five world boxing championships and an Olympic Bronze medal in 2012. Influenced by the media attention and recognition bestowed on Dingko Singh, a Manipuri boxer, Mary Kom made up her mind to become a boxer. Despite all odds, how she achieved glory, forms this brief excerpt from Mary Korn’s autobiography “Unbreakable”.

The Queen of Boxing Summary

Mary Kom was selected in the 48 kg category for the International Boxing Association, World Women’s Boxing championships in Pennsylvania, USA, in November-December 2001.

Mary Kom wanted to become a world boxing champion but her dad could manage only Rs 2000 for her expenses in the USA. Mary Kom was deeply disturbed as she had heard that things were very expensive in America. She realized that her parents can’t do much about her predicament. So, she talked to her friend Only. A few well-wishers met two Members of Parliament and they gave her Rs 8000. With the princely sum of Rs 10000 in her hands, she went to the USA. She made up her mind to bring laurels back home.

Unlike fellow players, who had to rush to a sporting arena straight from the airport, she could take a rest. Her match was scheduled the following day. She won in the first round comfortably. This eliminated her fear of facing opponents quickly. She went on to reach the finals while her friends lost. She even harboured the idea of bagging gold.

Mary Kom had an intuition that the event in Pennsylvania would change the rest of her life. In the quarter-final, she defeated Nadia Hokmi of Poland by RSC. In the semi-final, she defeated Jamie Behai of Canada by 21-9. She reached the finals but lost to Hula Sahin ofo Turkey by 13-5.

Mary Kom wasn’t accustomed to the kind of food available in the USA. As she skipped food, she began losing weight. Just before the finals, she weighed only 46kg. This cost her the dream of winning Gold. She cried her heart out. But her kind coaches consoled her and cheered her up. The silver medal gave her the confidence that she could take on any boxer in the ring.

The career of boxing took Mary Kom to different countries of the world. Incidentally, she learned about the different cultures and lifestyles of people. In China, they were given chopsticks to eat their meal. Just then she was trying to master the art of handling a knife and fork. Others asked for spoons whereas Mary Kom managed to satisfy her hunger using chopsticks.

Medal-hungry India gave her a warm welcome at the airport. Back at Imphal, she was greeted with garlands and a victory ride across the tours. The whole community shared its joy. She was felicitated at Langol. She was presented with a traditional shawl. Her boxing model Oja Ibomcha was also felicitated. Mary Kom shared her hope of gold in future boxing tournaments.

The first international silver medal meant a lot to Mary Kom though she was not content with it. She vowed to bring gold in the future for India. The prize money from the Government helped her overcome financial worries. In order to ensure long-term security and a steady income, she needed a Government job. Her dream of getting a Government job under the sports quota was fulfilled when she got her Second World championship gold. The Manipur Government offered her the post of a Sub-Inspector. She earned a salary of Rs 15000 per month. Sports quota job allows persons to invest time in practice and apply for leave while going for the tournament.

Mary Kom’s medal haul continued breaking the speculation about her ability to win after her marriage. She retained the world title in the Third World Women’s Championship at Podolsk in Russia. Her winning streak continued in Fourth World Women’s Championship in 2006.

Retaining her world title for the fourth time in 2006 by defeating Steluta Duta of Romania 22-7 at New Delhi was one of her greatest achievements in life. Winning at home turned out to be the most memorable thing for her.

Mary Kom inspired fellow boxers to excel. In 2006, India hauled four golds, one silver, and three bronzes. Her team went on to win the overall title. With this hat-trick of World Championship wins, the media christened her “Queen of boxing” and “Magnificent Mary”.

Mary Kom became the “Queen of Boxing” breaking free from poverty with her perseverance. She exploded the myth about women’s participation in boxing. She is a living legend to all women who wish to reach stardom in sports.

The Queen of Boxing Glossary

Textual:

• appetite – hunger
• adulation – appreciation
• conviction – firm faith or belief
• etched – imprinted
• felicitation – congratulatory address
• haul – taking a collection
• jet lag – a tired and unpleasant feeling, a person experiences, following a long flight through different timezones
• lauded – appreciated
• myth – a legendary tale (imaginary)
• princely – very large
• palate – a sense of taste
• sate – satisfy
• speculation – guess

Additional:

• accustomed to – habituated to
• autobiography – life story written by oneself
• disappointed – upset over the failure
• enough – sufficient
• unbeatable – unconquerable / invincible
• vanished – disappeared
• vowed – pledged / promised
• security – protection
• steady – constant

The Queen of Boxing Synonyms

I. Choose the correct synonyms of the word underlined below:

Question 1.
My father managed to collect only Rs 2000 for my trip.
(a) tip
(b) dance
(c) journey
(d) jogging
Answer:
(c) journey

Question 2.
I was both unset and worried.
(a) disappointed
(b) disliked
(c) destined
(d) distracted
Answer:
(a) disappointed

Question 3.
Only and few of my friends went to seek help from MPs.
(a) give
(b) obtain
(c) reject
(d) denounce
Answer:
(b) obtain

Question 4.
With the princely sum of Rs 10000, Mary Kom left for the USA.
(a) very small
(b) meagre
(c) insignificant
(d) huge
Answer:
(d) huge

Question 5.
Players need to weigh in which is compulsory for all players.
(a) optional
(b) objectionable
(c) mandatory
(d) discretionary
Answer:
(c) mandatory

Question 6.
I was fortunate.
(a) unlucky
(b) lucky
(c) optional
(d) discretionary
Answer:
(b) lucky

Question 7.
I was able to rest enough to face my opponent.
(a) Friend
(b) Villain
(c) anto hero
(d) enemy
Answer:
(d) enemy

Question 8.
The fight and all that followed are clearly etched in my memory.
(a) erased
(b) melted
(c) stayed
(d) imprinted
Answer:
(d) imprinted

Question 9.
My fear of facing the opponents quickly vanished.
(a) vanquished
(b) disappeared
(c) appeared
(d) soared
Answer:
(b) disappeared

Question 10.
The boxers were not unbeatable.
(a) conquerable
(b) invincible
(c) invisible
(d) visible
Answer:
(b) invincible

Question 11.
The greatest disadvantage for me was my loss of appetite.
(a) thirst
(b) hunger
(c) anger
(d) passion
Answer:
(b) hunger

Question 12.
I was very disappointed.
(a) happy
(b) pleased
(c) sad
(d) envious
Answer:
(c) sad

Question 13.
The coaches lauded me on the silver.
(a) reproached
(b) rebuked
(c) rescinded
(d) appreciated
Answer:
(d) appreciated

Question 14.
The biggest thing I took away from this championship was the conviction that I could take on any boxer.
(a) infirmity
(b) assurance
(c) acquittal
(d) despair
Answer:
(b) assurance

Question 15.
I was not accustomed to the food there.
(a) unfamiliar
(b) adapted
(c) unused
(d) accursed
Answer:
(b) adapted

Question 16.
T managed the complex work required.
(a) easy
(b) delicate
(c) intricate
(d) intimate
Answer:
(c) intricate

Question 17.
I ate enough to sate my appetite.
(a) saturate
(b) satisfy
(c) stratify
(d) sanctify
Answer:
(b) satisfy

Question 18.
A felicitation programme was Held in Langol.
(a) congratulatory
(b) evaluation
(c) assessment
(d) acknowledge
Answer:
(a) congratulatory

Question 19.
Words of praise and adulation were showered on me.
(a) censure
(b) reproach
(c) criticism
(d) appetite
Answer:
(d) appetite

Question 20.
My medal haul continued after my marriage.
(a) dispersal
(b) collection
(c) separation
(d) dispersal
Answer:
(b) collection

Question 21.
It put an end to the speculation among my friends and family.
(a) truth
(b) calculation
(c) guess
(d) guess
Answer:
(c) guess

Question 22.
A grand reception was organized.
(a) mean
(b) frugal
(c) simple
(d) magnificent
Answer:
(d) magnificent

Question 23.
Indian boxers also performed exceptionally well.
(a) usually
(b) abnormally
(c) unusually
(d) commonly
Answer:
(c) unusually

Question 24.
They christened her, ‘Queen of Boxing’.
(a) Christ-like
(b) named
(c) incognito
(d) named
Answer:
(b) named

Question 25.
The new flavour pleased his palate.
(a) disgust
(b) taste
(c) plate
(d) tasteless
Answer:
(b) tasteless

The Queen of Boxing Antonyms

II. Choose the correct antonyms of the word underlined below: (Exam model)

Question 1.
I left for TISA with this princely sum.
(a) meagre
(b) substantial
(c) enormous
(d) large
Answer:
(a) meagre

Question 2.
T spoke to Only and some of my friends about my problem.
(a) issue
(b) conflict
(c) confrontation
(d) solution
Answer:
(d) solution

Question 3.
I was relieved to have money in my pocket.
(a) happy
(b) free
(c) tensed
(d) bonded
Answer:
(c) tensed

Question 4.
The people were enormously nice.
(a) radically
(b) drastically
(c) largely
(d) insignificantly
Answer:
(d) insignificantly

Question 5.
It is compulsory for each player to wear a uniform.
(a) obligatory
(b) mandatory
(c) indispensable
(d) optional
Answer:
(d) optional

Question 6.
I was fortunate.
(a) lucky
(b) unlucky
(c) lovely
(d) unlikely
Answer:
(b) unlucky

Question 7.
I was able to rest well to face my opponent
(a) fiend
(b) foe
(c) villain
(d) friend
Answer:
(d) friend

Question 8.
My fear vanished.
(a) disappeared
(b) appeared
(c) concluded
(d) ended
Answer:
(b) appeared

Question 9.
The biggest thing I took away from this championship that I could take on any boxer was the conviction
(a) faith
(b) hope
(c) trust
(d) disbelief
Answer:
(d) disbelief

Question 10.
She came across different cultural practices across the world.
(a) dissimilar
(b) unlike
(c) same,/similar
(d) likely
Answer:
(c) same,/similar

Question 11.
They consoled and lauded
(a) appreciated
(b) praised
(c) condemned
(d) confided
Answer:
(c) condemned

Question 13.
I was presented with a traditional shawl.
(a) ancient
(b) inherited
(c) cultural
(d) modern
Answer:
(d) modern

Question 14.
Everybody was doubtful.
(a) convinced
(b) suspicious
(c) relaxed
(d) consulted
Answer:
(a) convinced

Question 15.
Retaining my world cup was one Of my greatest achievements.
(a) holding
(b) losing
(c) rescuing
(d) reviving
Answer:
(b) losing

Question 16.
Things were expensive in America.
(a) costly
(b) extravagant
(c) highly-priced
(d) cheap
Answer:
(d) cheap

Question 17.
It was the most memorable even
(a) worth-remembering
(b) forgettable
(c) unforgettable
(d) fascination
Answer:
(b) forgettable

Question 18.
She was hopeful of winning gold.
(a) optimistic
(b) pessimistic
(c) firm
(d) desperate
Answer:
(b) pessimistic

Question 19.
She accepted donations.
(a) took
(b) approved
(c) agreed
(d) refused
Answer:
(d) refused

Question 20.
They were not amateur players.
(a) novice
(b) inexperienced
(c) fresher
(d) professional
Answer:
(d) professional

Question 21.
Media christened her magnificent Mary.
(a) significant
(b) accomplished
(c) rescuing
(d) insignificant
Answer:
(d) insignificant

Question 22.
I was selected by the Boxing association.
(a) adopted
(b) stipulated
(c) excluded
(d) sophisticated
Answer:
(c) excluded

Question 23.
My father managed to collect Rs. 2000/-
(a) distribute
(b) gather
(c) compose
(d) restrain
Answer:
(a) distribute

Question 24.
We were the last team to arrive.
(a) reach
(b) articulate
(c) great
(d) depart
Answer:
(d) depart

Question 25.
One should never feel inferior.
(a) lesser
(b) minor
(c) superior
(d) menial
Answer:
(c) superior

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Prose

• The Portrait of a Lady Book Back Answers
• The Queen of Boxing Book Back Answers
• Forgetting Book Back Answers
• Tight Corners Book Back Answers
• The Convocation Address Book Back Answers
• The Accidental Tourist Book Back Answers

Macavity – The Mystery Cat Book Back Answers Class 11 English Guide Chapter 4 Tamilnadu Solutions

Students can Download English Lesson 4 Macavity – The Mystery Cat Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

11th Standard English 4th Lesson Macavity – The Mystery Cat Questions and Answers

Warm Up

A. French proverb goes thus: ‘The dog may be wonderful prose, but only the cat is poetry.’ You may have observed that all animals possess a number of unique qualities. Fill in the columns with words and phrases associated with each of the following animals.

DOG	CAT	WOLF	ELEPHANT

Answer:

DOG	CAT	WOLF	ELEPHANT
Barks	meows	howls	trumpets
open fight	stealthy	groups	groups
aggressive	pretends to be gentle	rough	gentle
faithful	ungrateful	wild	civilized
fights for food	quickly steals food	predatory	graceful

B. People admire some of these animal qualities. What are they? Have you noticed some of them in yourself or in others? Share your views with the class.

Cats are stealthy and walk without making noise.
My friend Vimal / Mala is cat-like. He / She surprises me often appearing suddenly. Jackal is clever and persuades others like Ratna / Raja to work for him. Whenever a difficult assignment is given, he / she praises the gifted student and gets his/ her work done. Elephant is graceful and known for strong memory. Murugan / Neela is very gentle and has terrific memory. One must be very cautious with such persons. Even a small hurt will be in their memory for long.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Macavity – The Mystery Cat Textual Questions

A. Based on your understanding of the poem, answer the following question in a sentence or two.

Macavity’s a Mystery Cat: he’s called the Hidden Paw
For he’s the master criminal who can defy the Law.
He’s the bafflement of Scotland Yard, the Flying Squad’s despair:
For when they reach the scene of crime – Macavity’s not there!

Macavity, Macavity, there’s no one like Macavity,
He’s broken every human law, he breaks the law of gravity.
His powers of levitation would make a fakir stare,
And when you reach the scene of crime – Macavity’s not there!

You may seek him in the basement, you may look up in the air
But I tell you once and once again, Macavity’s not there!
Macavity’s a ginger cat, he’s very tall and thin;
You would know him if you saw him, for his eyes are sunken in.

His brow is deeply lined with thought, his head is highly domed;
His coat is dusty from neglect, his whiskers are uncombed.
He sways his head from side to side, with movements like a snake;
And when you think he’s half asleep, he’s always wide awake.

Macavity, Macavity, there’s no one like Macavity,
For he’s a fiend in feline shape, a monster of depravity.
You may meet him in a by-street, you may see him in the square
But when a crime’s discovered, then Macavity’s not there!

He’s outwardly respectable. (They say he cheats at cards.)
And his footprints are not found in any file of Scotland Yard’s.
And when the larder’s looted, or the jewel-case is rifled,
Or when the milk is missing, or another Peke’s been stifled,

Or the greenhouse glass is broken, and the trellis past repair
Ay, there’s the wonder of the thing! Macavity’s not there!
And when the Foreign Office find a Treaty’s gone astray,
Or the Admiralty lose some plans and drawings by the way,

There may be a scrap of paper in the hall or on the stair
But it’s useless to investigate, Macavity’s not there!
And when the loss has been disclosed, the Secret Service say:
‘It must have been Macavity!’ but he’s a mile away.

You’ll be sure to find him resting, or a licking of his thumbs,
Or engaged in doing complicated long division sums.
Macavity, Macavity, there’s no one like Macavity,
There never was a Cat of such deceitfulness and suavity.

He always has an alibi, and one or two to spare:
At whatever time the deed took place, MACAVITY WASN’T THERE!
And they say that all the Cats whose wicked deeds are widely known,
(I might mention Mungojerrie, I might mention Griddlebone)

Are nothing more than agents for the Cat who all the time
Just controls their operations: the Napoleon of Crime

Question (i)
What is Macavity’s nickname?
Answer:
Macavity’s nickname is the Hidden Paw.

Question (ii)
Why is the Flying Squad frustrated?
Answer:
The Flying squad is frustrated because every time they rush to the spot of crime to arrest Macavity, he is not there.

Question (iii)
Which law does Macavity break?
Answer:
Macavity not only breaks the human law but also breaks the law of gravity.

Question (iv)
What makes the fakir stare in wonder?
Answer:
Macavity’s power of levitation makes the fakir stare in wonder.

Question (v)
Describe Macavity’s appearance.
Answer:
Macavity is a tall and thin ginger cat whose eyebrows are deep with lines. He has sunken eyes which gives him a devil look. His coat is untidy and his whiskers are uncombed.

Question (vi)
Where can you encounter Macavity?
Answer:
One may meet Macavity in a street or in the square. But he vanishes when a crime is committed.

Question (vii)
Why does the poet say Macavity is ‘outwardly’ respectable?
Answer:
The poet says that Macavity is outwardly’ respectable because he pretends to be a good one. But his actions disprove it.

Question (viii)
Why is Macavity called the ‘Napoleon of Crime’?
Answer:
He is agile and cautious. He is a monster of depravity

Question (ix)
Which two characters does the poet refer to as examples of wicked cats?
Answer:
Macavity will escape a mile away from the scene of the crime.

Question (x)
Mention any two qualities of Macavity.
Answer:
Similar to Napoleon he was a strategist and military leader. Macavity controlled the operations of all the wicked cats in London.

B. Read the poem once again and complete the summary using the words given in the box.

larder	whiskers	respectable
criminal	devil	thought
sunken	division	agents
detective	alibi	desperate
fakir	qualities	gravity
greenhouse

Macavity – The Mystery Cat’ is a humorous poem, where the poet T.S. Eliot describes the mysterious

(a) ______ of a shrewd vile cat. He commits a crime at every possible opportunity.He is an elusive master (b) ______ who leaves no evidence after he commits a crime.Even the Scotland Yard, the London (c) ______ agency is unable to arrest him. The Flying Squad is (d) ______ because every time they rush to the crime spot to seize Macavity, he is not there. He breaks the human law as well as the law of (e) ______ He baffles even a (f) ______ with his powers of levitation. Macavity appears tall and thin with (g) ______ eyes. He is always preoccupied with some serious (h) ______ His coat is dusty and his (i) ______ are unkempt. Macavity is a (f) ______ in the guise of a cat. He appears to be outwardly (k) ______ but his actions disprove it. Macavity loots the (l) ______ , ransacks the jewel-case, and breaks the (m) ______ glass but wonder of wonders he is not to be found anywhere there. He is always a mile away from the scene of crime, happily relaxing or doing difficult (n) ______ sums. He is clever at making up an (o) ______ every time he plots a crime. All the notorious cats are nothing but the (p) ______ of Macavity, the Napoleon of Crime.
Answer:
(a) qualities
(b) criminal
(c) detective
(d) baffled
(e) gravity
(f) fakir
(g) sunken
(h) thought
(i) whiskers
(j) fiend
(k) respectable
(p) agents
(0) larder
(m) greenhouse
(n) division
(o) alibi

C. Read the poem and answer the following in a short paragraph of 8 to 10 sentences each.

Question (i)
What are the mysterious ways in which Macavity acts?
Answer:
Macavity is an elusive master criminal who leaves no evidence after he commits a crime. He baffles Scotland Yard police and the flying squad as he disappears before their arrival to the scene of crime. He defies law of gravity and his powers of levitation make me fakir stare with wonder. Macavity loots the larder. He ransacks the jewel case. He is an elusive criminal who escapes from the spot of crime before the flying squad or Scotland Yard reach there. He breaks every human law and laws of gravity. He breaks greenhouse glasses. He steals stealthily into . the kitchen and empties milk. When an important treaty in the embassy is missing or. when the admiralty loses some plans or drawings, the investigation terms conclude that it is the work of Macavity. But Macavity, as a wonder of wonders, would be miles away relaxing somewhere.

Question (ii)
Give an account of Macavity’s destructive mischief.
Answer:
Macavity is a “Friend in feline shape”. He loots the food from the larder. Jewel’s case gets ransacked. Milk gets robbed. A Pekinese dog is stifled. Greenhouse glass is broken. The important agreement in the embassy is tom and important drawings in the admiralty are lost. The investigation team may find a scrap of paper in the stairs but Macavity always makes good his escape after doing all the above destructive activities. Besides, he is the Napoleon of crime controlling the operations of all cats in London.

Question (iii)
Describe the appearance and qualities of Macavity.
Answer:
Macavity is tall and thin. His eyes are sunken in. His brow is deeply lined with thought. His head is highly domed. His coat is dusty and his whiskers unkempt. He makes movements like a snake. He is a friend in feline shape. He is a monster of depravity. He is a cat of deceitfulness and suavity. When one thinks he is half-asleep, he is wide awake. He is an elusive, agile and phantom-like cat.

D. Read the given lines and answer the questions that follow.

(i) Macavity’s a Mystery Cat: he’s called the Hidden Paw…

Question (a)
Does the poet talk about a real cat?
Answer:
No, Macavity is not a real cat.

Question (b)
Why is he called the Hidden Paw?
Answer:
He is called a “ Hidden paw “ because even Scotland Yard is unable to arrest him after he commits any crime. He does not leave his footprints in the spot of crime.

(ii) He’s the bafflement of Scotland Yard, the Flying Squad’s despair: For when they reach the scene of crime Macavity’s not there!..

Question (a)
What is ‘Scotland Yard’?
Answer:
‘Scotland yard’ is the headquarters of London Metropolitan police service.

Question (b)
Why does the flying squad feel disappointed?
Answer:
The flying squad reaches the scene of crime very fast. But Macavity is not at all there. The flying squad is disappointed because they are unable to arrest the crafty criminal.

(iii) He sways his head from side to side, with movements like a snake;
And when you think he’s half asleep, he’s always wide awake…

Question (а)
Explain the comparison made here.
Answer:
The poet compares the movement of the cat to that of a snake. He employs a simile here.
The movement is quiet but swift.

Question (b)
What does he pretend to do?
Answer:
He pretends to be half asleep when he is fully awake. .

Question (c)
Identify the figure of speech in the first line.
Answer:
Simile.

(iv) For he’s a fiend in feline, shape, a monster of depravity.

Question (a)
How is the cat described in this line?
Answer:
Macavity is described as a “demon in the shape of a cat”.

Question (b)
Explain the phrase ‘monster of depravity’.
Answer:
Satan is called the master of depravity. T.S. Eliot calls Macavity, the master of depravity. He means that the cat is an embodiment of evil. He is wicked, all the time involved in doing something evil.

(v) And his footprints are not found in any file of Scotland Yard’s.

Question (а)
What seems to be a challenge for the Scotland Yard?
Answer:
Scotland Yard police, known for its efficiency to nab criminals in record time, is unable to link any crime to Macavity. He has an alibi whenever a crime is committed. Arresting Macavity with clinching evidence for his involvement in a crime is a challenge for Scotland Yard.

Question (b)
Why do they need his footprints?
Answer:
They need Macavity’s footprints to prove to the court of law that he was present at the scene of the crime.

(iv) It must have been Macavity!’ but he’s a mile away.

Question (a)
What is Macavity blamed for?
Answer:
Macavity is blamed for most of the crimes which leave the Scotland police and flying squad fuming and fretting because he just vanishes after every crime is committed. Besides, he leaves no proof or evidence behind.

Question (b)
Where is he?
Answer:
He is in a by-street or in the square when a crime is discovered. He always has one or two alibi.

(vii) There never was a Cat of such deceitfulness and suavity.

Question (a)
Which cat is being talked of here?
Answer:
Macavity is being talked of here.

Question (b)
How is he different from the rest?
Answer:
Other cats are lazy and just stay in the kitchen and take the food offered by their master. But Macavity is agile and defies law of the land and laws of gravity.. Despite doing all wicked things, he pretends to be innocent. So the poet claims one can never come across such a cat of “Deceitfulness and suavity”

E. Explain the following lines with reference to the context.

Question (i)
His powers of levitation would make a fakir stare
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem “Macavity – the mystery cat” written by T.S. Eliot. Context: T.S Eliot says, these words describing the skills of Macavity – The mystery cat. Explanation: Macavity does all kinds of mischiefs, petty thefts. He breaks things also. But before anyone could link the crime to Macavity he makes good his escape, floating in the air, jumping from building to building. His powers of levitation baffle even a fakir who has mystical powers.
Comment: The truth behind levitation is well brought out.

Question (ii)
And when you think he’s half asleep, he’s always Wide awake
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem “ Macavity – the mystery cat” written by T.S. Eliot.
Context: The poet says these words about the ability of the mysterious cat to hoodwink everyone.
Explanation: Macavity is a master of deceitfulness and suavity. When he appears to “be half-asleep with his half-closed eyes, he would be wide-awake. He is an enigma to everyone. Comment: Macavity is indeed a mystery.

Question (iii)
And his footprints are not found in any file of Scotland Yard’s
Answer:
Reference: These words are. from the poem “ Macavity the mystery cat” written by T.S. Eliot. Context: The poet says these words about the clever escape Macavity makes after every crime is committed.
Explanation: Scotland yard police is known all over the world for its capacity to investigate crimes and nab criminals in record time. But many crimes happen in London. Before Scotland Yard or the flying squad could reach the spot of crime, the criminal vanishes without leaving
any trace of the evidence. Scotland yard police wants to nab him with evidence. But his foot prints are nowhere to be found. So, Scotland Yard is unable to arrest Macavity.
Comment: The mysterious moves of Macavity stuns even the Scotland Yard.

Question (iv)
There may be a scrap of paper in the hall or on the stair.
But it’s useless to investigate…
Answer:
Reference: There words are from the poem “Macavity- the mysterious cat” written by T.S. Eliot .
Context: The poet says these words while discussing the leftover evidence of crime. Explanation: The Scotland yard police and the flying squads are guardians of peace in London. They keep watching. But whenever Macavity does a crime, he leaves before the police arrives. The clues like an empty larder, rifled jewel case, the disappearance of a treaty or drawings from the office or admiralty may lead to some shredded bits of paper lying on the floor or the staircase. But these bits of paper can’t help the police nab Macavity. They know it is the work of Macavity but they are helpless.
Comment: Not a trace is left behind by mysterious Macavity.

Question (v)
He always has an alibi, and one or two to spare
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem, “ Macavity – the mystery cat” written by T.S. Eliot.
Context: The poet says these words while describing the deceitful and clever nature of Macavity.
Explanation: Macavity breaks the laws of the land regularly. But gets away before the long arm. of the law reaches the spot of crime. He always has an alibi (one or more to spare) to escape from being caught. This proves his cleverness.
Comment: The wit of Macavity needs high commendation.

Additional Questions

Question (vi)
Macavity is a Mystery cat; he’s called the Hidden paw
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem, “Macavity – the mystery cat”.
Context: T.S. Eliot says these words while discussing the deceitfulness and the ability of the wicked cat to disappear room after a crime is committed.
Explanation: The poet describes the attributes of the mystery cat “ Macavity the cat is deceitful • and he baffles Scotland yard. The modus operandi of each unsolved crime points to Macavity only. But the lack of evidence like footprint prevents Scotland yard police from arresting him. Hence, he is called “The Hidden Law”.
Comment: Does Macavity truly have an unseen paw?

Question (vii)
Just controls their operation ; the Napoleon of Crime .
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem, “ Macavity – the mystery cat, written by T.S. Eliot.
Context: The poet says this about the daring acts of evil done by enigmatic villainous cat Macavity.
Explanation: Scotland yard police is unable to arrest Macavity as he leaves no evidence of crime he commits. He has many agents whose operations are controlled by him. Macavity is like military despot Napoleon, he guides all wicked cats in London unseen.
Comment: There is indeed no difference between Napoleon and Macavity.

F. Eliot has used many figures of speech to present the poem to the readers in an interesting way. He has attributed human qualities to a cat in this poem.

Question (i)
Identify the literary devices used in the following lines: .

Question (a)
He sways his head from side to side, with movements like a snake.
Answer:
simile

Question (b)
They say he cheats at cards.
Answer:
Personification

Additional:
(c) for he’s a friend in feline shape – Personification
(d) He’s outwardly respectable (they say he cheats at cards) – personification (The animal is attributed to human qualities)
(e) Just control their operations ; the Napoleon of Crime – Personification
(f) He always has an alibi and one or two to spare – Personification
(g) Or engaged in doing a complicated long division sums – Personification
(h) Are nothing more than agents for the Cat – Personification
(i) Just controls their operations the Napoleon or crime – metaphor

Question (ii)
Give four instances where the poet has used alliteration in the poem.
Answer:
milk, missing, larder’s, looted, sways, side to side, snake, break, broke – Alliteration

Question (iii)
What is the rhyme scheme used in the poem?
Answer:
Rhyme scheme of the poem is aa bb

(iv) Pick out all the pairs of rhyming words used in the poem.

Rhyming words in the poem
(a) Paw: Law
(b) despair: there
(c) Macavity: gravity
(d) stare: there
(e) air: there
(f) thin: in
(g) domed: uncombed
(h) snake: awake
(i) Macavity: depravity
(j) Square : their
(k) cards: yards
(l) rifled: stifled
(m) repair: there
(n) astray: way
(o) stair: there
(p) say: away
(q) thumbs : sums.
(r) Macavity: suavity
(s) spare: there
(t) known: bone
(u) time: crime

listening Activity

G. First, read the following sets of limericks with missing words. Now, listen to them being read out aloud by your teacher or played on the recorder. As you enjoy the absurd fun, complete the verse with what you hear. You may listen to them again, if required.

I
A wonderful bird is the (i) ______
His beak can hold more than his (ii) _______ can.
He can hold in his beak Enough food for a (iii) _______ !
But I’ll be darned if I know how the Peli-can?

II
There once was a (iv) _______ at the zoo
Who always had something to do
When it (iv) _______ him, you know,
To go to and fro.
He (v) _______ . it and went fro and to.

III
There once was a (vi) _______ little bunny
Who I thought was sweet and (vii) _______ .
He ate all the carrots,
And looked at the .(ix) _______
And that was my cute little (x) _______
Answers:
(i) pelican
(ii) belly
(iii) week
(iv) bear
(v) bored
(vi) reversed
(vii) cute
(viii) funny
(ix) Parrots
(x) bunny

Speaking Activity

H. Speaking Activity

Work with a partner. Read the following questions and share your views with the class. Have you heard of the phrase ‘cat’s paw’? The meaning is similar to that of ‘firing from the other’s shoulder’. ‘Cat’s paw’ refers to a person who is used unwittingly or unwillingly by another person to accomplish his own purpose.

Question (a)
This phrase originates from the fable ‘The Monkey and the Cat’. Explain how Macavity contradicts the phrase ‘cat’s paw’.
Answer:
Cat’s paw means being an incumbent in someone’s hand and do what the other person says. But Macavity is the master. He’s nicknamed the “hidden paw”. He is the Napoleon of crime controlling the operation of all the wicked cats in London. Macavity really contradicts “cat’s paw” absolutely.

Question (b)
‘When the mouse laughs at the cat, there is a hole nearby.’ Explain the meaning of this statement to your friends.
Answer:
Mouse knows the capacity of the cat to pounce on him and make a meal of him in just records. The mouse could dare to laugh at the cat when the scope of escape into the hole is bright.

Question (c)
Compose your own limericks on an elephant, a peacock and a butterfly. Read it put to your class.

1. Butterfly
A Spider awaits a butterfly
As he comes fluttering by
It’s caught in the silken trap
And straggles acts wings flap
Battling for survival under the blue skies

2. An elephant
There was a little elephant
To whom the river bank was forbidden .
But he went to the brink
Waiting for the crow to drink
And a bitter lesson when his flunk got bitten

3. A Peacock
“Joy is a peacock. It’s beauty so rare
A rainbow of colours that vibrantly flares
After the rain, brightly they come out
Into a fan-like form uniquely it creates
Never forgot, this vision, joyfully it illuminates”!

Macavity – The Mystery Cat About the Poet:

T.S Eliot (1888-1965) is an Essayist, play wright, literary and social critic. He moved out of USA to become a citizen of Great Britain at the age of 25. He renounced his American Passport when he was 39. He attracted widespread attention for his poem “The Love Song” of Alfred Prufrock (1915). It was seen on his Masterpiece of modern movement. It was followed by some of his best known poems including “The Wasteland” (1922), “The hollow men” (1915), “Ash Wednesday” (1930) and “Four quarters” (1943). During his stay in Harvard University, he developed a deep understanding of Indian philosophy and also studied Sanskrit. It is said that when he wrote the poem “The Wasteland”, doctors expressed concern over the health of his mind and strongly advised him to avoid writing.

But he wrote the poem in any paper that was found. It was Ezra Pound who brought order by editing the poem. He is well remembered for his plays such as “Murder in the Cathedral” (1935) and “The Cocktail Party” (1949). He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1948 for his outstanding, pioneering contribution to modern poetry.

Macavity – The Mystery Cat Summary

“Macavity, The mystery cat”, is a humorous poem from a serious poet. The poet describes the atrocities done by Macavity. He commits crime after crime with impunity and without leaving any evidence. He looks for the opportune moment to commit the crime and gets away before the Scotland yard Police troops come in. Every time he does a crime, he is sensible enough to stay out of the spot of crime when investigators reach the spot of crime. He breaks every human law and even the law of gravity.

His powers of levitation startles even a fakir. He is always preoccupied with some serious thought. He has dirty coat and unkempt hair like modem gypsies. He is a hypocrite who appears to be respectable but does every mean act. He loots food, ransacks the jewel case and breaks the green house glass. But it is amazing that nobody is able to find him in the scene of crime. It looks as if all the vile cat in the area act as per his script. Like cold-blooded criminals, he always makes up an alibi every time he commits a criminal act. He is the chief of all wicked cats. He resembles “Napoleon of crime”, the chief of criminal act.

Macavity – The Mystery Cat Glossary

Textual:
Admiralty – a Government Department that administered the British Navy
alibi – a claim Of evidence that one was elsewhere when a Crime was committed
bafflement total confusion
deceitfulness – cunnmgness
defy – to resist or to challenge
depravity – evil quality; immorality
fakir – a holy person who live son alms and has the power to levitate
feline – cat
fiend – demon
Flying Squad – a police force ready to plunge into action
ginger – alert and cautious
larder – cupboard for storing food
levitation – the action of rising and floating in air
Peke – a Pekinese dog
rifle – ransack; to steal
Scotland Yard – the headquarters of London Metropolitan Police Service
stifle – suppress someone from acting; restrain
suavity – confidence and sophistication
trellis – wooden bar used as a support for creepers

Additional:
atrocities – cruelty; violation; wrongdoing
complicated – tough
criminal – law breaker
go astray – become useless; trangress
hypocrite – pretender, one who acts like adifferent person
impunity – doing wicked things without ever getting punished;unpunished
investigate – enquire
limerick – a humourous verse of five lines
startles – amazes
treaty – pact
vile – wicked

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Poem

• Once Upon A Time Book Back Answers
• Confessions of a Born Spectator Book Back Answers
• Lines Written in Early Spring Book Back Answers
• Macavity – The Mystery Cat Book Back Answers
• Everest is Not The Only Peak Book Back Answers
• The Hollow Crown Book Back Answers

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.3

Question 1.
Represent the following inequalities in the interval notation:
Solution:

⇒ x ∈ [-1, 4)
[] closed interval, end points are included
() ➝ open interval
end points are excluded

(ii) x ≤ 5 and x ≥ -3[i] x ≤ 5 and x ≥ -3
Solution:

x ∈ [-3, 5)

(iii) x < -1 or x < 3
Solution:

x ∈ (-∞, -1) or x ∈ (-∞, 3)

(iv) – 2x > 0 or 3x – 4 < 11
Solution:
-2x > 0 ⇒ 2x < 0 ⇒ x < 0
x ∈ (-∞, 0)
3x – 4 < 11
⇒ 3x – 4 + 4 < 11 + 4

Question 2.
Solve 23x < 100 when
(i) x is a natural number,
(ii) x is an integer.
Solution:
23x <100

(i.e.,) x > 4.3
(i) x = 1, 2, 3, 4 (x ∈ N)
(ii) x = …. -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (x ∈ Z)

Question 3.
Solve -2x ≥ 9 when
(i) x is a real number,
(ii) x is an integer,
(iii) x is a natural number.
Solution:
-2x > 9 ⇒ 2x ≤ -9

(ii) x = …. -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
(iii) x = 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 4.

Solution:

(ii)

Solution:

Question 5.
To secure an A grade one must obtain an average of 90 marks or more in 5 subjects each of a maximum of 100 marks. If one scored 84, 87, 95, 91 in the first four subjects, what is the minimum mark one scored in the fifth subject to get an A grade in the course?
Solution:
Given, to secure A grade in 5 subjects required average mark of 90 or more.
The marks scored in the first four subjects are 84, 87, 95, 91
Let the marks scored in the fifth subject be.
Then by the given data, we have

Multiplying both sides by 5, we get
357 + x ≥ 450
x ≥ 450 – 357
x ≥ 93
∴ The person must obtain a minimum of 93 marks to get A grade in the course.

Question 6.
A manufacturer has 600 litres of a 12 percent solution of acid. How many litres of a 30 percent acid solution must be added to it so that the acid content in the resulting mixture will be more than 15 percent but less than 18 percent?
Solution:
12% solution of acid in 600 l ⇒ 600 × \(\frac{12}{100}\) = 72 l of acid
15% of 600 l ⇒ 600 × \(\frac{15}{100}\) = 90 l
18% of 600 l ⇒ 600 × \(\frac{18}{100}\) = 108 l
Let x litres of 18% acid solution be added

(600 + x)15 ≥ 7200 + 30x
9000+ 15x ≥ 7200 + 30x
1800 ≥ 15x
x ≤ 120
Let x litres of 18% acid solution be added

10800 + 18 ≤ 7200 + 30x
3600 ≤ 12x
x > 300
The solution is 120 ≤ x > 300

Question 7.
Find all pairs of consecutive odd natural numbers both of which are larger than 10 and their sum is less than 40.
Solution:
Let the two numbers be x and x + 2
x + x + 2 < 40
⇒ 2x < 38

⇒ x< 19 and x > 10
so x = 11 ⇒ x + 2 = 13
x = 13 ⇒ x + 2 = 15
x = 15 ⇒ x + 2 = 17
When x = 17 ⇒ x + 2 = 19
So the possible pairs are (11, 13), (13, 15), (15, 17), (17, 19)

Question 8.
A model rocket is launched from the ground. The height h of the rocket after t seconds from lift off is given by h(t) = -5t² + 100t; 0 ≤ r ≤ 20. At what time the rocket is 495 feet above the ground?
Solution:
Given h(t) = – 5t² + 100t, 0 ≤ t ≤ 20.
Let the time be ‘t’ sec when the rocket is 495 feet above the ground.
∴ h (t) = 495 for time ‘t’ sec
-5t² + 100t = 495
5t² – 100t + 495 = 0
t² – 20t + 99 = 0
t² – 11t – 9t + 99 = 0
t(t – 11) – 9(t – 11) = 0
(t – 9 ) (t – 11 ) = 0
t – 9 = 0 or t – 11 = 0
t = 9 or t = 11
∴ At t = 11 or 9 seconds, the rocket is 495 feet above the ground.

Question 9.
A Plumber can be paid according to the following schemes: In the first scheme he will be paid Rs. 500 plus Rs.70 per hour, and in the second scheme he will be paid Rs. 120 per hour. If he works x hours, then for what value of x does the first scheme give better wages?
Solution:
Let the number of hours to complete the job = x
Wages for the first scheme = Rs. 500 + Rs. 70 per hour = 500 + 70x
Wages for the second scheme = Rs. 120 per hour = 120x
Let us find the value of x for which the first scheme gives better wages.
500 + 70x > 120x
500 > 120x – 70x
500 > 50x
\(\frac{500}{50}\) > x
x < 10
∴ The value of x so that the first scheme gives better wages is = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Question 10.
A and B are working on similar jobs but their annual salaries differ by more than Rs 6000. If B earns Rs. 27000 per month, then what are the possibilities of A’s salary per month?
Solution:
Let A’s salary be x, B’s salary is Rs. 27,000
Given their difference in salary is more than Rs. 6,000
Assume A’s salary is more than B’s salary.
∴ x – 27,000 > 6000
∴ x > 6000 + 27000
x > 33000
Assume B’s salary is more than A’s salary.
∴ 27,000 – x > 6000
∴ 27000 – 6000 > x
x < 21000
The possibilities of A’s salary are greater than Rs. 33,000 or less than Rs. 21,000.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.3 Additional Questions

Question 1.

Solution:

Multiplying both sides by 30, we get 15x ≥ 2(4x – 1) ⇒ 15x ≥ 8x – 2⇒ 15x – 8x ≥ -2

Question 2.
Ravi obtained 70 and 75 marks in the first two unit tests. Find the minimum marks he should get in the third test to have an average of at least 60 marks.
Solution:
Let x be the marks obtained by Ravi in the third test.

⇒ 145 + x ≥ 180 ⇒ x >180 – 145
⇒ x ≥ 35
Thus, Ravi must obtain a minimum of 35 marks to get an average of at least 60 marks.
Note. A minimum of 35 marks.
⇒ Marks greater than or equal to 35.

Question 3.
To receive Grade ‘A’ in a course, one must obtain an average of 90 marks or more in five examinations (each of 100 marks). If Sunita’s marks in the first four examinations are 87, 92, 94, and 95, find minimum marks that Sunita must obtain in the fifth examination to get Grade ‘A’ in the course.
Solution:
Let x be the marks obtained by Sunita in the fifth examination. Then,

⇒ 368 + x ≥ 450
⇒ x ≥ 450 – 368
⇒ x ≥ 82
Thus, Sunita must obtain marks greater than or equal to 82,
i.e., a minimum of 82 marks.

Question 4.
Find the pairs of consecutive odd positive integers both of which are smaller than 10 such that their sum is more than 11.
Solution:
Let x be the smaller of the two consecutive odd positive integers, then the other is x + 2.
According to the given conditions.
x < 10, x + 2 < 10 and x + (x + 2) > 11
⇒ x < 10, x < 8

From (1) and (2), we get 9
\(\frac{9}{2}\) < x < 8
Also, x is an odd positive integer. x can take values 5 and 7.
So, the required possible pairs will be (x, x + 2) = (5, 7), (7, 9)

Question 5.
Find all pairs of consecutive even positive integers, both of which are larger than 5 such that their sum is less than 23.
Solution:
Let x be the smaller of the two consecutive even positive integers, then the other is x + 2. According to the given conditions.

Also, x is an even positive integer.
x can take the values 6, 8, and 10.
So, the required possible pairs will be (x, x + 2) = (6, 8), (8, 10), (10, 12)

Question 6.
Forensic Scientists use h = 61.4 + 2.3F to predict the height h in centimetres for a female whose thigh bone (femur) measures F cm. If the height of the female lies between 160 to 170 cm find the range of values for the length of the thigh bone?
Solution:
Given h = 61.4 + 2.3 F
Given h = 160
⇒ 160 = 61.4 + 2.3 F
⇒ 2.3 F = 160 – 61.4 = 98.6

Given h = 170 ⇒ 170 = 61.4 + 2.3 F
⇒ 170 – 61.4 = 2.3 F
2.3F = 108.6

So the ranges of values are 42.87 < x < 47.23

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Two Dimensional Analytical Geometry Ex 6.5

Choose the correct or more suitable answer

Question 1.
The equation of the locus of the point whose distance from y-axis is half the distance from origin is ……..
(a) x² + 3y² = 0
(b) x² – 3y² = 0
(c) 3x² + y² = 0
(d) 3x² – y² = 0
Solution:
(c) 3x² + y² = 0
Hint:
Given that PA = \([\frac{1}{2}/latex]OP
2PA = OP

4PA² = OP²
4(x)² = x² + y² ⇒ 3x² – y² = 0

Question 2.
Which of the following equation is the locus of (at², 2at) ……

Solution:
(d) y² = 4ax
Hint:
Given x = at², y = 2at
y = 2at ⇒ t = [latex]\frac{y}{2 a}\)
x = at2 ⇒ x = a × \(\left(\frac{y}{2 a}\right)^{2}\)
x = a × \(\frac{y^{2}}{4 a^{2}}\) = \(\frac{y^{2}}{4 a^{2}}\)
y² = 4ax

Question 3.
Which of the following point lie on the locus of 3x² + 3y² – 8x – 12y + 17 = 0?
(a) (0, 0)
(b) (-2, 3)
(c) (1, 2)
(d) (0, -1)
Solution:
(c) (1, 2)
Hint:
The equation of the given locus is
3x² + 3y² – 8x – 12y + 17 = 0
(0, 0) does not lie on the locus since the locus contains constant term. Substituting (-2, 3) in the locus
3(- 2)² + 3(3)² – 8 × – 2 – 12 × 3 + 17
= 3 × 4 + 3 × 9 + 16 – 36 + 17
= 12 + 27 + 16 – 36 + 17 ≠ 0
∴ (- 2, 3) does not lie on the locus
Substituting (1, 2) on the locus
3(1)² + 3(2)² – 8 × 1 – 12 × 2 + 17
= 3 + 12 – 8 – 24 + 17
= 32 – 32
= 0
∴ (1, 2 ) lies on the locus

Question 4.

(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3
Solution:
(d) 3

Question 5.
Straight line joining the points (2, 3) and (-1, 4) passes through the point (α, β) if
(a) α + 2β = 7
(b) 3α + β = 9
(c) α + 3β = 11
(d) 3α + 3β = 11
Solution:
(c) α + 3β = 11
Hint:
Equation joining (2, 3), (-1, 4)

3y – 12 = – x -1 ⇒ x + 3y – 11 = 0, (α, β) lies on it ⇒ α + 3β – 11 = 0.

Question 6.
The slope of the line which makes an angle 45° with the line 3x – y = – 5 are
(a) 1, -1
(b) \(\frac{1}{2},-2\)
(c) \(1, \frac{1}{2}\)
(d) \(2,-\frac{1}{2}\)
Solution:
(c) \(1, \frac{1}{2}\)
Hint:
Equation of line 3x – y = -5, y = 3x + 5, m₁ = 3

Question 7.
Equation of the straight line that forms an isosceles triangle with coordinate axes in the I-quadrant with perimeter \(4+2 \sqrt{2}\) is
(a)x + y + 2 = 0
(b) x + y – 2 = 0
(c) x + y – \(\sqrt{2}\) = 0
(d) x + y + \(\sqrt{2}\) = 0
Solution:
(b) x + y – 2 = 0
Hint.
Let the sides be x, x

Question 8.
The coordinates of the four vertices of a quadrilateral are (-2, 4), (-1, 2), (1, 2) and (2, 4) taken in order. The equation of the line passing through the vertex (-1, 2) and dividing the quadrilateral into the equal areas is ………
(a) x + 1 = 0
(b) x + y = 1
(c) x + y + 3 = 0
(d) x – y + 3 = 0
Solution:
(b) x + y = 1
Hint:
This equation passes through (-1, 2)
-1 + 2 = 1 ⇒ 1 = 1

Question 9.
The intercepts of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining (1, 2) and (3, 4) with coordinate axes are ……….
(a) 5, -5
(b) 5, 5
(c) 5, 3
(d) 5, -4
Solution:
(b) 5, 5

Question 10.
The equation of the line with slope 2 and the length of the perpendicular from the origin equal to \(\sqrt{5}\) is ……
(a) x + 2y = \(\sqrt{5}\)
(b) 2x + y = \(\sqrt{5}\)
(c) 2x + y = 5
(d) x + 2y – 5 = 0
Solution:
(c) 2x + y = 5

The required line is y = 2x + 5 ⇒ 2x – y + 5 = 0

Question 11.
A line perpendicular to the line 5x – y = 0 forms a triangle with the coordinate axes. If the area of the triangle is 5 sq. units, then its equation is …….

Solution:
(a) x + 5y ± 5\(\sqrt{2}\) = 0
Hint:
Equation of a line perpendicular to 5x – y = 0 is

Question 12.
Equation of the straight line perpendicular to the line x – y + 5 = o, through the point of intersection the y-axis and the given line …….
(a) x – y – 5 = 0
(b) x + y – 5 = 0
(c) x + y + 5 = 0
(d) x + y + 10 = 0
Solution:
(b) x + y – 5 = 0
Hint:
x – y + 5 = 0 ⇒ put x = 0, y = 5
The point is (0, 5)
Equation of a line perpendicular to x – y + 5 = 0 is x + y + k = 0
This passes through (0, 5)
k = -5
x + 7 – 5 = 0

Question 13.
If the equation of the base opposite to the vertex (2, 3) of an equilateral triangle is x + y = 2, then the length of a side is ………

Solution:
\(\sqrt{6}\)
Hint:
In an equilateral, ∆ the perpendicular wall bisects the base into two equal parts. Length of the perpendicular drawn from (2, 3) to the line x + 7 – 2 = 0

Question 14.
The line (p + 2q) x + (p – 3q)y = p – q for different values of p and q passes through the point ……

Solution:
(d) \(\left(\frac{2}{5}, \frac{3}{5}\right)\)
Hint:
(p + 2 q)x + (p – 3q)y = p – q
px + 2qx + py – 3qy = p – q
P(x + y) + q (2x – 3y) = p – q
The fourth option x = 2/5, y = 3/5

= p – q = RHS

Question 15.
The point on the line 2x – 3y = 5 is equidistance from (1, 2) and (3, 4) is …
(a) (7, 3)
(b) (4, 1)
(c) (1, -1)
(d) (-2, 3)
Solution:
(b) (4, 1)
Hint:
Let (a, b) be on 2x – 3y = 5 ⇒ 2a – 3b = 5
It is equidistance from (1, 2) and (3, 4)

(a – 1)² + (b – 2)² = (a – 3)² + (6 – 4)²
a² – 2a + 1 + b² – 4b + 4 = a² – 6a + 9 + b² – 8b + 16
4a + 4b = 20
2a+ 2b = 10
2a – 3b = 5
5b = 5
b = 1 ∴ a = 4
∴ The point is (4, 1)

Question 16.
The image of the point (2, 3) in the line y = – x is ………
(a) (-3, -2)
(b) (-3, 2)
(c) (-2, -3)
(d) (3, 2)
Solution:
(a) (-3, -2)

x – 2 = -5, y – 3 = -5
x = -3, y = -2
(-3,-2)

Question 17.
The length of ⊥ from the origin to the line \(\frac{x}{3}-\frac{y}{4}=1\) is ……

Solution:
(c) \(\frac{12}{5}\)
Hint:
4x – 3y = 12 ⇒ 4x – 3y – 12 = 0

Question 18.
The y-intercept of the straight line passing through (1, 3) and perpendicular to 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 is ……..

Solution:
(b) \(\frac{9}{2}\)
Hint:
Equation of a line perpendicular to 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 is 3x + 2y = k. It passes through (1, 3).
3 + 6 = k ⇒ k = 9, 3x + 2y = 9
To find y-intercept x = 0, 2y = 9, y = 9/2

Question 19.
If the two straight lines x + (2k – 7)y + 3 = 0 and 3kx + 9y – 5 = 0 are perpendicular then the value of k is ……

Solution:
(a) k = 3
Hint.

Since the lines are perpendicular m₁m₂ = – 1

Question 20.
If a vertex of a square is at the origin and it’s one side lies along the line 4x + 3y – 20 = 0, then the area of the square is ……..
(a) 20 sq. units
(b) 16 sq. units
(c) 25 sq. units
(d) 4 sq. units
Solution:
(b) 16 sq. units
Hint:
One side of a square = Length of the perpendicular from (0, 0) to the line.

Question 21.
If the lines represented by the equation 6x² + 41xy – 7y² = 0 make angles α and β with the x-axis, then tan α tan β =

Solution:
(a) \(-\frac{6}{7}\)
Hint.
6x² + 41xy – 7y² = 0
⇒ 6x² – xy + 42xy – 7y² = 0
⇒ x (6x – y) + 7y (6x – y) = 0
⇒ (x + 7y) (6x – y) = 0
⇒ x + 7y = 0, 6x – y = 0

Question 22.
The area of the triangle formed by the lines x² – 4y² = 0 and x = a is …….

Solution:
(c) \(\frac{1}{2} a^{2}\)
Hint:
x² – 4y² = 0 , (x – 2y) (x + 2y) = 0 ⇒ x – 2y = 0, x + 2y = 0

Question 23.
If one of the lines given by 6x² – x + 4x² = 0 is 3x + 4y = 0, then c equals to ……
(a) -3
(b) -1
(c) 3
(d) 1
Solution:
(a) -3
Hint.
6x² – xy + 4cy² = 0, 3x + 4y = 0
The other line may be (2x + by)
(3x + 4y) (2x + by) = 6x² – xy + 4cy²
6x² + 3xby + 8xy + 4by² = 6x² – xy + 4cy²
6x² + xy (3b + 8) + 4by² = 6x² – xy + 4cy²
paring, 3b + 8 = -1
3b = -9 ⇒ b = -3
4b = 4c ⇒ 4(-3) = 4c
-12 = 4c ⇒ c = -3

Question 24.


Solution:
(c) \(\frac{5}{9}\)
Hint:

Question 25.
The equation of one the line represented by the equation x² + 2xy cot θ – y² = 0 is ………
(a) x – y cotθ = 0
(b) x + y tan θ = 0
(e) x cos θ + y(sin θ + 1) = 0
(d) x sin θ + y(cos θ + 1) = 0
Solution:
(d) x sin θ + y(cos θ + 1)=0

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 9 Limits and Continuity Ex 9.1

In problems 1-6, complete the table using calculate and use the result to estimate the limit.

Question 1.

Solution:

Question 2.

Solution:

∴ Limit is 0.25

Question 3.

Solution:

∴ Limit is 0.288

Question 4.

Solution:

∴ Limit is -0.25

Question 5.

Solution:

∴ Limit is 1

Question 6.

Solution:

∴ Limit is 0

In exercise problems 7-15, use the graph to find the limits (if it exists). If the limit does not exist, explain why?

Question 7.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow 3}\)(4 – x)
Solution:

Limit exists and is equal to 1

Question 8.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow 1}\)(x² + 2)
Solution:

Limit exists and is equal to = 3

Question 9.

Solution:

Question 10.

Solution:

Question 11.

Solution:

The limit does not exist

Question 12.

Solution:
When x → 5, (x – 5) = -(x – 5)
∴ \(\lim _{x \rightarrow 5^{-}} \frac{-(x-5)}{(x-5)}\) = -1
When x → 5⁺, (x – 5) = (x – 5)

Question 13.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow 1}\) sin(πx)
Solution:

Question 14.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow 0}\) (sec x)
Solution:

Question 15.
\(\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}}\) tan x
Solution:

The limit does not exist

Sketch the graph of f, then identify the values of x₀ for which \(\lim _{x \rightarrow x_{0}}\) f(x) exists.

Question 16.

Solution:

Question 17.

Solution:

Limit exists except at x₀ = π

Question 18.
Sketch the graph of a function f that satisfies the given values:

Solution:

Question 19.
Write a brief description of the meaning of the notation \(\lim _{x \rightarrow 8}\) f(x) = 25
Solution:

Question 20.
If f(2) = 4, can you conclude anything about the limit of f(x) as x approaches 2?
Solution:
Given f(2) = 4
Here at x = 2 the value of the function is given.
Therefore, we cannot conclude anything about the limit of f(x) as x approaches 2.

Question 21.
If the limit of f(x) as z approaches 2 is 4, can you conclude anything about f(2)?
Explain reasoning.
Solution:
Given \(\lim _{x \rightarrow 2}\) f(x) = 4
Since the limit of the function need not be equal to the value of the function, we cannot conclude anything about f(2).

Question 22.
Evaluate: \(\lim _{x \rightarrow 3} \frac{x^{2}-9}{x-3}\) if it exists by finding f(3^–) and f(3⁺).
Solution:

Question 23.
Verify the existence of
Solution:

The limit does not exist

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 9 Limits and Continuity Ex 9.1 Additional Questions

Question 1.
Suppose . What are the possible values of a and b?
Solution:

Question 2.

Solution:
We have,

Question 3.

Solution:
We have,

Question 4.

Solution:

Question 5.
Let a₁, a₂ …………… a_n be fixed real numbers such that f(x) = (x – a₁) , (x – a₂), ………. (x – a_n) what \(\lim _{x \rightarrow a}\) f(x) For a ≠ a₁, a₂, ………… a_n compute \(\lim _{x \rightarrow a}\) f(x).
Solution:
We have,

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Binomial Theorem, Sequences and Series Ex 5.1

Question 1.

Solution:


Similarly (a + b)⁴ = a⁴ + 4a³b + 6a²b² + 4ab³ + b⁴
∴ (a – b)⁴ + (a + b)⁴ = 2 [a⁴ + 6a²b² + b⁴]
Substituting the value of a and b we get

= 2[16x⁸ + 6(4x⁴)(9(1 – x²)) + 81(1 – x²)²]
= 2[16x⁸ + 216x⁴(1 – x²) + 81(1 – x²)²]
= 2[16x⁸ + 216x⁴ – 216x⁶ + 81 + 81x⁴ – 162x²]
= 2[16x⁸ – 216x⁶ + 297x⁴ – 162x² + 81]
= 32x⁸ – 432x⁶ + 594x⁴ – 324x² + 162

Question 2.
Compute
(i) 102⁴
(ii) 99⁴
(iii) 9⁷
Solution:

(i) 102⁴ = (100 + 2)⁴ = (10² + 2)⁴

= 1(10⁸) + 4(10⁶)(2) + 6(10⁴)(4) + 4(10²)(8) + 16
= 100000000 + 8000000 + 240000 + 3200 + 16
= 108243216

(ii) 994 = (100 – 1)⁴ = (10² – 1)⁴

= 1(10⁸) + 4(10⁶)(-1) + 6 (10⁴)(1) + 4( 10⁴)(-1) + (-1)⁴
= 100000000 – 4000000 + 60000 – 400 + 1
= 100060001 – 4000400 = 96059601

(iii) 9⁷ = (10 – 1)⁷

= 1(10000000) + 7(1000000)(-1) + 21(100000)(1) + 35(10000)(-1) + 35(1000)(1) + 21(100)(-1) + 7(10)(1) + 1(-1)
= 10000000 – 7000000 + 2100000 – 350000 + 35000 – 2100 + 70 – 1
= 12135070 – 7352101 = 4782969

Question 3.
Using binomial theorem, indicate which of the following two number is larger: (1.01)^1000000, 10000.
Solution:
(1.01)^1000000 = (1 + 0.01)^1000000

which is > 10000
So (1.01)^1000000 > 10000 (i.e.) (1.01)^1000000 is larger

Question 4.

Solution:

To find a coefficient of x¹⁵ we have to equate x power to 15
i.e. 20 – 5r = 15
20 – 15 = 5r ⇒ 5r = 5 ⇒ r = 5/5 = 1
So the coefficient of x¹⁵ is ¹⁰C₁ = 10

Question 5.

Solution:

To find coefficient of x⁶
12 – 5r = 6
12 – 6 = 5r ⇒ 5r = 6 ⇒ r = 6/5 which is not an integer.
∴ There is no term involving x⁶.
To find coefficient of x²
12 – 5r = 2
5r = 12 – 2 = 10 ⇒ r = 2

Question 6.

Solution:

when multiplying these terms, we get x⁴ terms

∴ The co-eff of x⁴ is 26325

Question 7.

Solution:

Question 8.
Find the last two digits of the number 3⁶⁰⁰.
Solution:
3⁶⁰⁰ = 3^{2 × 300} = (9)300 = (10 – 1)³⁰⁰

All the terms except last term are ÷ by 100. So the last two digits will be 01.

Question 9.
If n is a positive integer, show that, 9^{n + 1} – 8n – 9 is always divisible by 64.
Solution:

∴ 9^{n + 1} – 8n – 9 = 64 [an integer]
⇒ 9^{n + 1} – 8n – 9 is divisible by 64

Question 10.
If n is an odd positive integer, prove that the coefficients of the middle terms in the expansion of (x + y)ⁿ are equal.
Solution:
Given n is odd. So let n = 2n + 1, where n is an integer.
The expansion (x + y)ⁿ has n + 1 terms.
= 2n + 1 + 1 = 2(n + 1) terms which is an even number.

⇒ The coefficient of the middle terms in (x + y)ⁿ are equal.

Question 11.
If n is a positive integer and r is a non – negative integer, prove that the coefficients of x^r and x^{n – r} in the expansion of (1 + x)ⁿ are equal.
Solution:

Question 12.
If a and b are distinct Integers, prove that a – b is a factor of aⁿ – bⁿ, whenever n is a positive integer. [Hint: write aⁿ = (a – b + b)ⁿ and expand]
Solution:

= (a – b)[aⁿ integer]
⇒ aⁿ – bⁿ is divisible by (a – b)

Question 13.
In the binomial expansion of (a + b)aⁿ, the coefficients of the 4^th and 13^th terms are equal to each other, find n.
Solution:
In the expansion of (a + b)ⁿ,
The general term is T_r+1 = nC_r . a^n-r . b^r ……….. (1)
To find the coefficient of 4th term, Put r = 3 in equation (1)
∴ T₃₊₁ = nC₃ a^n-3 . b³
To find the coefficient of 13th term , Put r = 12 in equation (1)
∴ T₁₂₊₁ = nC₁₂ a^n-12 . b¹²
Given nC₃ = nC₁₂
nC_x = nC_y ⇒ x = y or x + y = n
∴ 3 + 12 = n ⇒ n = 15

Question 14.
If the binomial coefficients of three consecutive terms in the expansion of (a + x)ⁿ are in the ratio 1 : 7 : 42, then find n.
Solution:
In (a + x)ⁿ general term is t_{r + 1} = ⁿC_r
So, the coefficient of t_{r + 1} is ⁿC_r
We are given that the coefficients of three consecutive terms are in the ratio 1 : 7 : 42.

Question 15.
In the binomial coefficients of (1 + x)ⁿ, the coefficients of the 5^th, 6^th and 7 terms are in AP. Find all values of n.
Solution:

⇒ (n – 1)(n – 14) = 0
∴ n = 7 , 14

Question 16.

Solution:

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Binomial Theorem, Sequences and Series Ex 5.1 Additional Questions Solved

Question 1.

Solution:
Let T_{r + 1} be the term in which x³² and x^-17 occurs,

(i) Since x³² occurs in this term
∴ Exponent of x = 32
⇒ 60 – 7r = 32 ⇒ 7r = 28
r = 28 ÷ 7 = 4
∴ Coefficient of the term containing x³² = ¹⁵C₄ (-1)⁴ = 1365

(ii) Since x^-17 occurs in this term .
∴ Exponent of x = -17
⇒ 60 – 7r = -17 ⇒ 7r = 77, ∴ r = 11

Question 2.
Find a positive value of m for which the coefficient of x² in the expansion of (1 + x)^m is 6.
Solution:

Also, coefficient of x² in the expansion of (1 + x)^m is 6

⇒ m (m – 1) = 4.3 ⇒ m = 4

Question 3.
In the binomial expansion of (1 + a)^{m + n}, prove that the coefficients of a^m and aⁿ are equal.
Solution:

Question 14.
The coefficient of (r – 1)^th, r^th, and (r + 1)^th terms in the expansion of (x + 1)ⁿ are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5. Find both n and r.
Solution:
We know that co-effcients of (r – 1)^th, r^th and (r + 1)^th terms in the expansion of (x + 1)ⁿ are ⁿC_{r – 2}: ⁿC_{r – 1} and ⁿC_r respectively

⇒ 3n – 8r + 3 = 0 and n – 4r + 5 = 0
Solving these for n, r we get,
n = 7 and r = 3

Question 5.

Solution:

Using the binomial theorem,

Question 6.
Show that the coefficient of the middle term in the expansion of (1 + x)²ⁿ is equal to the sum of the coefficients of the two middle terms in the expansion of (1 + x)^{2n – 1}.
Solution:
In the expansion of (1 + x)²ⁿ,
Number of terms = 2n + 1, which is odd

Question 7.
If three consecutive coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)ⁿ are in the ratio 6 : 33 : 110, find n.
Solution:
Let the consecutive coefficients ⁿC_r, ⁿC_{r + 1} and ⁿC_{r + 2} be the coefficients of T_{r + 1}, T_{r + 2} and T_{r + 3} then ⁿC_r : ⁿC_{r + 1} : ⁿC_{r + 2} = 6 : 33 : 110

Question 8.
If the sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (x + y)ⁿ is 4096. Then find the greatest coefficient in the expansion.
Solution:
Given that, Sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (x + y)ⁿ = 4096
∴ ⁿC₀ + ⁿC₁ + ⁿC₂+…+ ⁿC_n = 4096
[∴ Sum of binomial coefficients in the expansion of (x + a)ⁿ is 2ⁿ]
⇒ 2ⁿ = 4096 = 2¹²

Question 9.

Solution:
The general term in the expansion of

Question 10.

Solution: