Prasanna

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Ex 2.5

Integrate the following with respect to x.

Question 1.
x e^-x
Solution:

Question 2.
x³ e^3x
Solution:

Question 3.
log x
Solution:

Question 4.
x log x
Solution:

Question 5.
xⁿ log x
Solution:

Question 6.
\(\boldsymbol{x}^{\boldsymbol{5}} \boldsymbol{e}^{\boldsymbol{x}^{2}}\)
Solution:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Ex 2.10

Question 1.
Evaluate the following.

(i) Γ(4)
Solution:
\(\Upsilon\) (4) = 3!
= 3 × 2 × 1
= 6

(ii) Γ(\(\frac{9}{2}\))
Solution:

(iii) \(\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-m x} x^{6} d x\)
Solution:

(iv) \(\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-4 x} x^{4} d x\)
Solution:

(v) \(\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-\frac{x}{2}} x^{5} d x\)
Solution:

Question 2.

Solution:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Ex 2.4

Integrate the following with respect to x.

Question 1.
2 cos x – 3 sin x + 4 sec² x – 5 cosec² x
Solution:
= ∫(2 cos x -3 sin x + 4 sec² x – 5 cosec² x) dx
= ∫2 cos x dx – ∫3 sin x dx + ∫4 sec² x dx – 5 ∫cosec²x dx
= 2(sin x) -3(-cos x) + 4 tan x – 5 (-cot x) + c
= 2 sin x + 3 cos x + 4 tan x + 5 cot x + c

Question 2.
∫ sin³ x dx
Solution:
We know that, sin 3x = 3 sin x – 4 sin³ x

Question 3.
\(\frac{\cos 2 x+2 \sin ^{2} x}{\cos ^{2} x}\)
Solution:

Question 4.
\(\frac{1}{\sin ^{2} x \cos ^{2} x}\)
[Hint: sin² x + cos² x = 1]
Solution:

Question 5.
\(\sqrt{1-\sin 2} x\)
Solution:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Ex 2.3

Integrate the following with respect to x.

Question 1.
\(e^{x \log a}+e^{a \log a}-e^{n \log x}\)
Solution:

Question 2.
\(\frac{a^{x}-e^{x \log b}}{e^{x \log a} b^{x}}\)
Solution:

Question 3.
\(\left(e^{x}+1\right)^{2} e^{x}\)
Solution:

Question 4.
\(\frac{e^{3 x}-e^{-3 x}}{e^{x}}\)
Solution:

Question 5.
\(\frac{e^{3 x}+e^{5 x}}{e^{x}+e^{-x}}\)
Solution:

Question 6.
\(\left[1-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right] e^{\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)}\)
Solution:

Question 7.
\(\frac{1}{x(\log x)^{2}}\)
Solution:

Question 8.
If f'(x) = e^x and f(0) = 2, then find f(x).
Solution:
f(x) = ∫f'(x)dx = ∫e^x dx
f(x) = e^x + c
f(0) = 2 ⇒ e° + c = 2
1 + c = 2 ⇒ c = 1
∴ f(x) = e^x + 1

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Ex 2.9

Evaluate the following using properties of definite integrals:

Question 1.
\(\int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} x^{3} \cos ^{3} x d x\)
Solution:

Question 2.
\(\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin ^{2} \theta d \theta\)
Solution:

Question 3.
\(\int_{-1}^{1} \log \left(\frac{2-x}{2+x}\right) d x\)
Solution:

Question 4.
\(\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin ^{7} x}{\sin ^{7} x+\cos ^{7} x} d x\)
Solution:

Question 5.
\(\int_{0}^{1} \log \left(\frac{1}{x}-1\right) d x\)
Solution:

Question 6.
\(\int_{0}^{1} \frac{x}{(1-x)^{\frac{3}{4}}} d x\)
Solution:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 7 Mensuration Ex 7.3

Question 1.
A vessel is in the form of a hemispherical bowl mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter is 14 cm and the height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find the capacity of the vessel.
Solution:
Diameter = 14 cm
Radius = 7 cm
Total height = 13 cm
Height of the cylindrical part = 13 – 7
= 6 cm
∴ Capacity of the vessel = Capacity of the cylinder + Capacity of the hemisphere.

∴ The total volume = 924 + 718.67
The capacity of the vessel = 1642.67 cm³

Question 2.
Nathan, an engineering student was asked to make a model shaped like a cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends. The diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm. If each cone has a height of 2 cm, find the volume of the model that Nathan made.
Solution:
Volume of the model = Volume of the cylinder + Volume of 2 cones.


The volume of the model that Nathan made = 66 cm³

Question 3.
From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and the diameter 1.4 cm, a cone of the same height and same diameter is carved out. Find the volume of the remaining solid to the nearest cm³.
Solution:
Volume of the cylinder = πr²h cu. units
Volume of the cone = \(\frac{1}{3} \pi r^{2} h\) cu. units

d = 1.4 cm, r = 0.7 cm = \(\frac{7}{10}\)
h = 2.4 cm = \(\frac{24}{10}\)
Volume of the cylinder:

Volume of cone carved out

∴ Volume of the remaining solid = Volume of the cylinder – Volume of the cone
= 3.696 – 1.232
= 2.464
= 2.46 cm³

Question 4.
A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 12 cm and radius 6 cm standing on a hemisphere of radius 6 cm is placed upright in a right circular cylinder full of water such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of the water displaced out of the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is 6 cm and height is 18 cm.

Solution:
Volume of water displaced out = Volume of the solid immersed in.
Volume of the solid = Volume of the cone + Volume of the hemisphere


∴ The volume of water displaced out = Volume of the solid
= (1) + (2)
= 905.14 cm³

Question 5.
A capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemisphere stuck to each of its ends. If the length of the entire capsule is 12 mm and the diameter of the capsule is 3 mm, how much medicine it can hold?
Solution:
Volume of medicine the capsule can hold = Volume of the cylinder + 2 volume of hemisphere
Volume of the cylinder part


∴ The total volume = 56.571 mm³
∴ The volume of the medicine the capsule can hold = 56.57 mm³

Question 6.
As shown in figure a cubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. Find the surface area of the solid.

Solution:
Clearly, greatest diameter of the hemisphere is equal to the length of an edge of the cube is 7 cm.
Radius of the hemisphere = \(\frac{7}{2}\) cm
Now, total surface area of the solid = Surface area of the cube + Curved surface area of the hemisphere – Area of the base of the hemisphere.

Question 7.
A right circular cylinder just enclose a sphere of radius r units.
Calculate
(i) the surface area of the sphere
(ii) the curved surface area of the cylinder
(iii) the ratio of the areas obtained in (i) and (ii).
Solution:
(i) Surface area of sphere = 4πr² sq. units

Question 8.
A shuttle cock used for playing badminton has the shape of a frustum of a cone is mounted on a hemisphere. The diameters of the frustum are 5 cm and 2 cm. The height of the entire shuttle cock is 7 cm. Find its external surface area.
Solution:
External surface area of the cock = Surface area of frustum + CSA of hemisphere

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Integral Calculus II Ex 3.3

Question 1.
Calculate consumer’s surplus if the demand function p = 50 – 2x and x = 20
Solution:
Given demand function p = 50 – 2x, x₀ = 20

Hence the consumer’s surplus is 400 units.

Question 2.
Calculate consumer’s surplus if the demand function p = 122 – 5x – 2x², and x = 6
Solution:
Demand function p = 122 – 5x – 2x² and x = 6
when x = x₀ = 6
p₀ = 122 – 5(6) – 2(36)
= 122 – 30 – 72
= 20

Hence the consumer’s surplus is 378 units

Question 3.
The demand function p = 85 – 5x and supply function p = 3x – 35. Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity demanded. Also, calculate consumer’s surplus.
Solution:
Given p_d = 85 – 5x and p_s = 3x – 35
At equilibrium prices p_d = p_s
85 – 5x = 3x – 35
⇒ 8x = 120
⇒ x = 15
p₀ = 85 – 5(15) = 85 – 75 = 10

The equilibrium price is ₹10, the quantity demanded is 15. The consumer surplus is 562.50 units.

Question 4.
The demand function for a commodity is p = e^-x .Find the consumer’s surplus when p = 0.5.
Solution:
Given demand function p = e^-x
At p = 0.5, (i.e) p₀ = 0.5,
we have p₀ = \(e^{-x_{0}}\)
⇒ 0.5 = \(e^{-x_{0}}\)
Taking log_e on both sides
log_e(0.5) = -x₀

Question 5.
Calculate the producer’s surplus at x = 5 for the supply function p = 7 + x.
Solution:
Given supply function is p = 7 + x, x₀ = 5
p₀ = 7 + x₀ = 7 + 5 = 12
Producer’s surplus

Hence the producer’s surplus is \(\frac{25}{2}\) units

Question 6.
If the supply function for a product is p = 3x + 5x². Find the producer’s surplus when x = 4.
Solution:
Given the supply function p_s = 3x + 5x²
when x = 4, (i.e) x₀ = 4,
p₀ = 3 (4) + 5(4)² = 12 + 80 = 92

Hence the producer’s surplus is 237.3 units.

Question 7.
The demand function for a commodity is p = \(\frac{36}{x+4}\). Find the consumer’s surplus when the prevailing market price is ₹ 6.
Solution:
Given p = \(\frac{36}{x+4}\)
The marker price is ₹6 (i.e) p₀ = 6

So the consumer’s surplus when the prevailing market price is ₹ 6 is (36 log \(\frac{3}{2}\) – 12) units.

Question 8.
The demand and supply functions under perfect competition are p_d = 1600 – x² and p_s = 2x² + 400 respectively. Find the producer’s surplus.
Solution:
Given demand function p_d = 1600 – x² and
Supply function p_s = 2x² + 400
Perfect competition means there is equilibrium between supply and demand
p_s = p_d
⇒ 1600 – x² = 2x² + 400
⇒ 3x² = 1200
⇒ x² = 400
⇒ x = ± 20
The value of x cannot be negative. So x = 20 we take x₀ = 20.
p₀ = 1600 – (20)² = 1600 – 400 = 1200


Hence the producer’s surplus is \(\frac{32000}{3}\) units.

Question 9.
Under perfect competition for a commodity the demand and supply laws are \(p_{d}=\frac{8}{x+1}-2\) and \(p_{s}=\frac{x+3}{2}\) respectively. Find the consumer’s and producer’s surplus.
Solution:
Given \(p_{d}=\frac{8}{x+1}-2\) and \(p_{s}=\frac{x+3}{2}\)
Here, since there is perfect competition, there is equilibrium, that is p_d = p_s

Since the value of x cannot be negative, x = 1 we take this value as x₀


Hence under perfect competition,
(i) The consumer’s surplus is (8 log 2-4) units
(ii) The producer’s surplus is \(\frac{1}{4}\) units.

Question 10.
The demand equation for a products is x = \(\sqrt{100-p}\) and the supply equation is x = \(\frac{p}{2}\) – 10. Determine the consumer’s surplus and producer’s surplus, under market equilibrium.
Solution:
Given demand equation is x = \(\sqrt{100-p}\) and supply equation is x = \(\frac{p}{2}\) – 10
So the demand law is x² = 100 – p
⇒ p_d = 100 – x²
Supply law is given by x + 10 = \(\frac{p}{2}\)
⇒ p_s = 2(x + 10)
Under equilibrium p_d = p_s
⇒ 100 – x² = 2(x + 10)
⇒ 100 – x² = 2x + 20
⇒ x² + 2x – 80 = 0
⇒ (x + 10) (x – 8) = 0
⇒ x = -10, 8
The value of x cannot be negative, So x = 8
When x₀ = 8, p₀ = 100 – 8² = 100 – 64 = 36

= 288 – 2(112)
= 64
So the producer’s surplus is 64 units.

Question 11.
Find the consumer’s surplus and producer’s surplus for the demand function p_d = 25 – 3x and supply function p_s = 5 + 2x.
Solution:
Given p_d = 25 – 3x and p_s = 5 + 2x
At market equilibrium, p_d = ps_s
⇒ 25 – 3x = 5 + 2x
⇒ 5x = 20
⇒ x = 4
When x₀ = 4, p₀ = 25 – 12 = 13

So the consumer’s surplus is 24 units.

So the producer’s surplus is 16 units.

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TN State Board 11th English Previous Year Question Paper March 2019

Instructions:

1.  The question paper comprises of four parts.
2.  You are to attempt all the parts. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. questions of Part I, II. III and IV are to be attempted separately
4. Question numbers 1 to 20 in Part I are objective type questions of one -mark each. These are to be answered by choosing the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives and writing the option code and the corresponding answer
5. Question numbers 21 to 30 in Part II are two-marks questions. These are to be answered in about one or two sentences.
6. Question numbers 31 to 40 in Parr III are three-marks questions, These are to be answered in about three to five short sentences.
7. Question numbers 41 to 47 in Part IV are five-marks questions. These are to be answered) in detail. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.

Time: 3.00 Hours
Maximum Marks: 90

PART – I

I. Answer all the questions. [20 x 1 = 20]
Choose the correct synonym for the underlined words from the options given.

Question 1.
……….. and I do claim to represent him in all his ruggedness.
(a) toughness
(b) weakness
(c) brightness
(d) seriousness
Answer:
(a) toughness

Question 2.
The greatest disadvantage for me was my loss of appetite.
(a) hope
(b) memory
(c) alertness
(d) hunger
Answer:
(d) hunger

Question 3.
………..that we regard a man who does not possess it as eccentric.
(a) modem
(b) weary
(c) normal
(d) weird
Answer:
(d) weird

Choose the correct antonym for the underlined words from the options given.

Question 4.
Her happiest moments were with her sparrows whom she fed with frivolous rebukes,
(a) serious
(b) harmless
(c) funny
(d) decent
Answer:
(a) serious

Question 5.
“Don’t look so doleful, girls.”
(a) peaceful
(b) joyful
(c) doubtful
(d) powerful
Answer:
(b) joyful

Question 6.
There are, it must be admitted, some matters…………
(a) replied
(b) denied
(c) argued
(d) accepted
Answer:
(b) denied

Question 7.
Select the correct expansion of “HDTV”.
(a) High definition Television
(b) Heavy Dielectric Television
(c) Heavy Distributory Television
(d) Highly Decentralized Television
Answer:
(a) High definition Television

Question 8.
Choose the suitable option to pair it with the word “mantel” to form a compound word,
(a) cover
(b) cloth
(c) picture
(d) piece
Answer:
(d) piece

Question 9.
Form a derivative by adding the right suffix to the word ‘regular’.
(a) -ance
(b) -able
(c) -fill
(d) -ity
Answer:
(d) -ity

Question 10.
Choose the meaning of the foreign word in the sentence.
Nalini is a bonafide student of the Madras University.
(a) confident
(b) punctual
(c) brilliant
(d) genuine
Answer:
(d) genuine

Question 11.
Choose the right definition for the given term “Photophobia”.
(a) Fear of rain
(b) Fear of flight
(c) Fear of light
(d) Fear of pictures
Answer:
(c) Fear of light

Question 12.
Add a suitable question tag to the following sentence.
Many women candidates attended the interview, …………?
(a) haven’t they
(b) shouldn’t they
(c) don’t they
(d) didn’t they
Answer:
(d) didn’t they

Question 13.
Replace the underlined word with a phrasal verb.
I couldn’t understand what you meant.
(a) break out
(b) find out
(c) iron out
(d) figure out
Answer:
(d) figure out

Question 14.
Add a suitable prefix to the root word “Polite”.
(a) im-
(b) non-
(c) un-
(d) anti-
Answer:
(a) im-

Question 15.
One who studies the human mind and behaviour is called a ………..
(a) physicist
(b) psychologist
(c) pathologist
(d) physiologist
Answer:
(b) psychologist

Question 16.
Fill in the blank with the suitable preposition.
The angry champion broke the crystal cup ……….. million pieces.
(a) into
(b) with
(c) against
(d) upon
Answer:
(a) into

Question 17.
Choose the clipped form of the word “dormitory”.
(a) dormy
(b) dory
(c) dorm
(d) dormit
Answer:
(c) dorm

Question 18.
Substitute the underlined word with the appropriate polite alternative.
The gentleman in the black suit is a barber.
(a) hair clipper
(b) hair remover
(c) Mir splitter
(d) hair dresser
Answer:
(d) hair dresser

Question 19.
Substitute the phrasal verb in the sentence with a single word.
Never put off Until tomorrow what you can do today.
(a) continue
(b) finish
(c) halt
(d) postpone
Answer:
(d) postpone

Question 20.
Fill in the blank with a suitable relative pronoun.
The books………….are brought are often not read.
(а) that
(b) what
(c) who
(d) whose
Answer:
(а) that

PART – II

II. Answer any seven of the following: [7 x 2 = 14]
(i) Read the following sets of poetic lines and answer any four of the following. [4 × 2 = 8]

Question 21.
“Feel at home,” “come again.
They say………”
(a) Who are ‘they’?
(b) Do ‘they’ really mean it?
Answer:
(a) They are modem people.
(b) No they don’t mean it.

Question 22.
“And reassure myself anew
That you are not me and I’m not you.”
(a) Who does the poet refer to as “you”?
(b) What does the poet reassure?
Answer:
(a) The athletes who play games and sweat for fun and money are referred as ‘you’.
(b) The poet reassures himself that he is not one of the athletes and the athletes are not in his group either. So, he is safe.

Question 23.
“I heard a thousand blended notes While in a grove I sate reclined,”
(a) What is meant by “a thousand blended notes”?
(b) Where is the poet sitting?
Answer:
(a) The thousand blended notes mean the combined music of birds which cohabit in the grove.
(b) The poet is sitting in a grove.

Question 24.
“He sways his head from side to side,
with movements like a snake;”
(a) Who is ‘he’?
(b) Mention the figure of speech used here.
Answer:
(a) He is Macavity.
(b) Simile

Question 25.
“In dignity and pride no one need to be poor.”
(a) What are the two things mentioned here as our strength?
(b) Is the tone of the line positive or negative?
Answer:
(a) Dignity and pride are the two things mentioned as strength here.
(b) The tone of the line is positive.

Question 26.
“For you have but mistook me all this while…..”
(a) How is the speaker mistaken by the people?
(b) Write the words in alliteration.
Answer:
(a) People mistook the speaker to be a person endowed with divine right to rule them. He was after all like them with similar wants, likes, dislikes and grief. He too needs comfort of friends.
(b) Mistook and me alliterate.

(ii) Do as directed (any three) [3 x 2 = 6]

Question 27.
Report the following dialogue:
Conductor : Where do you want to go?
Passenger : I’m going to Coimbatore. Give me a ticket, please.
Answer:
The conductor asked the passenger where he was going. The passenger replied that he was going to Coimbatore and requested for a ticket.

Question 28.
Tom didn’t know Spanish. He didn’t get the job. (Combine using ‘if’).
Answer:
If Tom had known Spanish, he would have got the job.
(or)
If Tom didn’t know Spanish, he wouldn’t have got the job.

Question 29.
Rewrite the sentence making an inversion in the conditional clause.
If you were a King, you would know the difficulties.
Answer:
Were you a king you would know the difficulties.

Question 30.
The food was cheap. It was very tasty, (form a simple sentence using in spite of)
Answer:
In spite of the food being cheap it was also very tasty.

PART – III

III. Answer any seven of the following: [7 × 3 = 21]
(i) Explain any two of the following with Reference to the Context: [2 × 3 = 6]

Question 31.
“The birds around me hopp’d and play’d;
Their thoughts I cannot measure.”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem, “Lines Written in Early Spring” written by William Wordsworth.

Context: The poet was quite impressed with the beauty and peace that prevailed in the woodland. The birds were oblivious to the presence of the poet. They hopped and chirped around him in absolute bliss. The poet said these words while trying to fathom their thoughts.

Explanation: The poet was overwhelmed with delight in the company of birds, plant kingdom and the brook. He tried hard to understand the thoughts of the birds through the bird’s language. But he couldn’t succeed. He simply inferred that they were thrilled and enjoying the jocund company.

Question 32.
“How can you say to me, lam a king?”
Answer:
Reference: This lines is from the poem, “The Hollow Crown” by William Shakespeare. The ‘ poem is an excerpt from the play “Richard II”.

Context: King Richard II says these words to his loyal nobles when he talks about the power of death over monarchs.

Explanation: British subjects usually believe that a king is born with a divine right to rule. People respect his crown as a symbol of great power. After he is deposed from power, Henry II realizes the bitter truth that he is no way different from ordinary subjects. He also has wants, need for friends and the compulsion to taste grief. Nobody can escape death.

Question 33.
“I am just glad as glad can be
That I am not them, that they are not me…”
Answer:
Reference: The poet Ogden Nash says these words in the poem “Confession of a Bom Spectator’.

Context and Explanation: While discussing about the athletes he admires, the poet says these words. Right from his boyhood, he had seen boys aspire for sports championships. He had wondered at their ability to specialize in horse riding, to play hockey or basketball. He had seen young ones trying to play center in the football or be a tackle or offender in a game like kabaddi. But he has been absolutely glad that he is not them and they are not him.

(ii) Answer any two of the following questions briefly: [2 × 3 = 6]

Question 34.
How do the chemists make fortunes out of the medicines people forget to take?
Answer:
Similar to the author, many remember to forget medicine as soon as the appointed time arrives. The forgotten medicines tend to aggravate the illness. As a vicious cycle, again they are forced to buy costlier medicines. Thus people who forget to take medicines contribute to the fortunes of chemists.

Question 35.
Why did Mary Kom think that she should not return empty-handed?
Answer:
Mary Kom’s dad had given all he had for her trip to USA. Besides, her friends had raised funds through MPs. They had pinned their hopes on her. So, she thought she should not return empty handed.

Question 36.
What is the difference between a physical and mental tight corner?
Answer:
Physical tight comers are those situations which threaten the life of an individual. Mental tight comers are worries for which no solution is in sight. It upsets the individuals and confounds them.

(ii) Answer any three of the following questions briefly: [3 × 3 = 9]

Question 37.
Study the pie-chart and answer the questions that follow:

Questions:
(A) What is the most sought after entertainment activity in the apartment?
(B) Name the activity preferred by the least number of people.
(C) Which activity is chosen by half the number of people who use mobile phones?
Answer:
(A) Mobile phone is the most sought after entertainment activity in the apartment.
(B) Reading is preferred by the least number of people.
(C) Outdoor games is chosen by half the number of people who use mobile phones.

Question 38.
Build a dialogue of minimum three exchanges between a fruit vendor and a customer.
Answer:
Fruit Vendor : What fruits do you want to buy sir?
Customer : I would like to buy 1 Kg of Pineapple.
Fruit Vendor : Good choice sir. It is the right season. Anything else?
Customer : Yes. The fruits look so fresh. I would also like to buy some Kiwis and a dozen of bananas.
Fruit Vendor : Sure sir. Here is the bill.
Customer : Oh! It’s Rs. 250? No seasonal discount?
Fruit Vendor : This is the discounted price sir.
Customer : Okay. Thank you.

Question 39.
Describe the process of opening a bank account.
Answer:

• Go to the bank and get an application form from the counter.
• Fill in the details accurately in the mandatory fields.
• Affix your passport-size photograph on the form.
• Attach your address proof and the adhaar card photocopy.
• Obtain the signature of an introducer.
• Fill in the chalan and hand it over to the bank employee with initial amount.
• You will receive the bank passbook with the details of your newly created account details with the bank seal on the first page.

Question 40.
Complete the proverbs using the words given below.
(a) Waste not, ……… not. (fight, want, earn)
(b) ………….. waters run deep, (still, flowing, stagnant)
(c) One ……….. doesn’t make a garland, (pearl, bead, flower)
Answer:
(a) want
(b) Still
(c) flower

PART – IV

IV. Answer the following: [7 × 5 = 35]

Question 41.
What does Robert Lynd try to convey in his essay on ‘Forgetting’.
Answer:
Forgetting is deemed by many people leading prosaic lives as a mistake or an inefficiency of mind. But in reality, forgetfulness is freedom. Osho is right in his opinion of forgetfulness. In fact, it liberates painful memories and unpleasant things. We need to “let go” painful memories of the past and be free to aspire for better things in life. Robert Frost in his poem, “Let go” talks about mediocre person’s inability to let go things that hurt them. The capacity to. forget hurtful memories is a real blessing.

If human mind does not have the capacity to forget, life would be miserable for every one of us. Human mind is such a wonderful machine that it retains what is most important for personal or professional growth and allows the other things to slip away from the bank of memory. But young ones should remember to remember important assignments, deadlines for submission of homework, examination time-tables and hall tickets before leaving for examination. Td assist memory, we can have a checklist before leaving for the school. It is often said, “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.” So students must love whatever work they do. The brain retains in memory whatever one does with great passion, love and involvement.

For a successful life, a strong memory is indispensable. So, one must cultivate a strong memory. However, one may forget failures, betrayals and hurts to grow into a happy and healthy person.

[OR]

How do Universities mould students apart from imparting academic education to them?
Answer:
Universities mould students by providing various opportunities to develop their soft skills and to develop values which would contribute to the process of nation building. They enable graduates to develop patience and perseverance. They help them develop faith in their own inherent ability to shoulder responsibilities. They are oriented to become citizens of democracy and repay to the society quality services which would reform the lives of the poor people.

They develop true spirit of democracy among young graduates. They enable appreciation of others point of view. The graduates are also provided opportunities to adjust with difference through amicable discussions. The universities, apart from imparting education mould the students’character and personality too.

Question 42.
Write an appreciation of the poem “The Hollow Crown”.
Answer:
Shakespeare portrays the fleeting nature of human glory. King Richard II, on the verge of surrender to his rebellious cousin Boling broke, talks about the nature of temporal power and death. He talks about graves, epitaphs and worms. He explains how even monarchs leave nothing behind as their own except a small patch of land in which they are buried. The dejected king talks on various ways kings get killed. Some are slain in the battle field, some poisoned to death by their own spouses.

The kings who believed their bodies to be impregnable brass are shattered by just a pinprick. In fact, death is in supreme command which waits for the king, and only allows the king to act as if he were ruling and in control of everything. He chides his loyal friends who still believe that he is a monarch and tells them that he is an ordinary mortal just like them. He is humbled as he is powerless before the impending death.

[OR]

How does Gabriel Okara criticise the modern life in his poem “Once Upon a Time”?
Answer:
The poet’s understanding of adult society is extremely negative. The poet distinctly portrays how people in modem times have become hypocrites and fake emotions to be socially accepted. The phrases of hospitality they use “feel at home” and “come again” are so fake that a third visit would be disallowed by the hosts. In modem times, people don’t value real emotions instead they value positions and possessions.

Even while shaking hands, they try to assess the material worth of a person. People don’t laugh with heart. Their ice-cold block eyes search the person they talk to. Most of them have acquired the skill of wearing a standard, deceitful, artificial smile on all occasions, i.e., “portrait smile”. Thus the poem is nothing but a criticism of modem life.

Question 43.
Write a paragraph (150 words) by developing the following hints.
Miss Meadows, a music teacher – gets a letter – feels upset – Fiance not interested,- reflects her gloom on students – changes the happy song to a sad one – Headmistress calls – delivers a telegram – Fiance agrees to wedding – Meadows happy – changes the song again to a cheerful one.
Answer:
Miss Meadow was heart-broken. The letter written by Basil had pierced her heart and she was bleeding. Her hatred and anger became a knife and she carried it with her. Her icy cold response to Science Mistress demonstrates it. She is least bothered about the tender feelings of young children who look at her face all time for a friendly nod or smile of approval.

Her favourite pupil Mary Beazley is baffled at her treatment of the chrysanthemum she had brought with so much love. The choice of the song “A lament” perfectly jells well with her worst mood. She is in fact in her heart lamenting over the loss of love, trust and future hopes. She is unnecessarily severe with young children forcing them to redo the singing which drives them to despair, pain and tears they manage to stifle.

After she receives the telegram from Basil apologizing for his insane letter, her mood changes to joy. She takes the chrysanthemum and keeps it close to her lips to conceal her blush. She goads the children to sing a song of joy congratulating someone for success. She persuades them to show warmth in their voices. Her warm and lively voice dominates the tremulous voices of the young ones. The young ones now realize that Miss Meadow who was in a wax earlier is now in her elements.

[OR]

Leacock goes to a studio – The photographer dislikes Leacock’s face – passes several comments – Leacock gets irritated the photo – taken – wants to see the proof – visits the studio again – The photo is edited – help of technology – Leacock upset over the changes – calls it worthless – leaves in anger.
Answer:
‘With the Photographer’ by Stephen Leacock is narrated in the first person. The narrator while sitting in the photographer’s studio begins to read some magazines and sees how other people look and the narrator begins to feel insecure about his appearance.

It is also noticeable that the photographer takes a dislike to his face judging it to be wrong. What should have been a simple process of taking a photograph becomes something of a nightmare for the narrator. How confident the narrator becomes is noticeable when he returns to the photographer’s studio the following Saturday.

He realises that the photograph that has been taken of him looks nothing like him. This angers the narrator as he was simply looking for a photograph that would show his likeness. He accepts that he may not be to everybody’s liking when it comes to his physical appearance but is angered by the changes made.

The photographer has retouched the photograph so much that the narrator does not recognise himself. The end of the story is also interesting as the reader realises that it is just a worthless bauble when he begins to cry. He has been judged solely by his appearance by the photographer whose job was to simply take a life like photograph.

Question 44.
Write a summary or Make notes of the following passage.
Answer:
The Chinese were the first to make gunpowder, invent the magnetic compass and gave to the world the art of making paper. About 2000 years ago the Chinese made gunpowder by mixing sulphur and saltpetre. The mixture exploded when set on fire. The Chinese were the first to find out the fact that a narrow magnet floating in a bowl of water would always point to the north. The discovery led to the invention of magnetic compass. This device helped the sailors to find out the direction when they were out of sight of land.

The Chinese also invented the art of making paper using vegetable pulp reached Arabia, Spain and Europe. In course of time paper factories came into existence. The fourth invention of the Chinese was the art of printing. Before this invention books were written by hand. The Chinese invented the art of printing with movable types. With this invention reading and learning became open to. ordinary people as they were able to print books in large numbers.

Summary:
No. of words given in the original passage: 171
No. of words to be written in the summary: 171/3 = 57 ± 5

Rough Draft
were the first to make gun powders, to invent the magnetic compass, paper \and printing. TheyTnadeJhegun powder by mixing sulphur with salt. The mixture exploded When set on fire. They foundlEaTa^naiiowmagnet floating in a bowl of water would always p|oint to die North. This led to the inventimToflnagaeticcompass. With this the sailors found tfteir direction. Explorers used this for their discoveries/TESyTeutid^the art of making paper using vegetable pulp. As a result factories came into existence. The inventron-oijnjnting led to tpe printing of books in large numbers.

Fair Draft:
The Great Inventions of China
The Chinese made gun powder mixing sulphur and saltpetre. They invented magnetic compass and paper. They enabled great explorers like Magellan, Vasco da Gama and Columbus discovered new lands by their invention the Mariner’s compass. They made papers from vegetable pulp and soon many factories started producing it. The greatest contribution of China to’he world is her invention of printing press which revolutionized printing of books. No. of words in the summary: 68

[OR]

Notes
Title: The Great Inventions of China
Answer:
1. Chinese Inventions – (a) gun powder, (b) magnetic compass, (c) paper, (d) printing
2. (a) Gun powder from sulphur and saltpeter – explosive.
(b) Magnetic powder – finding direction – great explorers used in discovery of lands.
(c) Paper from vegetable pulp – paper industry.
(d) Art of printing – books available to ordinary people.

Question 45.
Read the following advertisement and prepare a Bio-data considering yourself fulfilling the conditions mentioned.
(Write XXXX for name and YYYY for address.)

WANTED:
Qualified nurses for a multi-speciality hospital, Attractive salary, Flexible working hours, Age below 30
Apply to-
Post Box No : 3210,
The Times of India,
Chennai – 600 002.
Answer:

14th January, 2020

From
XXXX
YYYY

To
Post Box No : 3210
C/o. The Times of India
Chennai – 02.
Respected Sir/Madam,
Sub: Application for the post of a Senior Nurse.
With reference to your advertisement dated 12th December 2018,1 hereby wish to apply for the post of a senior nurse in your multi-speciality hospital. I have rich experience and can communicate well with a pleasing personality.

If given an opportunity, I will do my best in taking care of the patient needs.
Please find enclosed my resume for your kind perusal. Looking forward to a positive reply.

Yours sincerely,
XXXX
Address on the Envelope
To
Post Box No : 3210
C/o. The Times of India
Chennai – 02

Bio-data:

Name : XXXX
Date of Birth : 18th May, 1994
Marital Status : Married
Father’s Name : Mr. Rajan
Address For Communication : YYYY
Contact Number – Mobile : 9998777655
Residence : 22345576
Mother Tongue : Tamil
Language Known : Hindi, English and Tamil

Educational Background:

Professional Experience:

Hobbies : Reading, Music.
Expected Salary : 35,000/ per month
Salary Drawn : 28,000/ per month
Reference : 1. Dr. Ram (Dean, MIOT Hospital 9998887777
2. Dr. Yashodha (ICU in-charge) 9900000222

Declaration
I hereby declare that the above given information is true to my knowledge.
Station : YYY
Date : 14.01.2020

XXXX
Signature of the Applicant

[OR]

Write a paragraph of 150 words on “The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Shopping”.
Answer:
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Shopping:
Due to rapid growth of technology, transformation in buying and selling has taken place. Sellers use internet as a main vehicle to conduct commercial transactions. But, like every coin has two sides, online shopping has got its own advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

• The biggest advantage is convenience. Online shops give us the opportunity to shop 24/7 without being held up in crowd or standing in queue for billing.
• As we receive products directly from the manufacturers the prices are lower.
• The choices are unlimited in almost all brands that one looks for.
• Out of stock products also can be booked which will be sent to us when available.
• Sending gifts to the persons we desire has become easier.
• One can analyse the consumer reviews before purchasing the products.

Disadvantages:

• Online shopping may lead one to spend too much time online. Also, one may end up buying unwanted things.
• Sometimes the products that you receive may not be the one you ordered or it can be of low quality. There is no guarantee that you are receiving the original product.
• Returning the product may be problematic.
• There’s a larger risk of: credit card scams, hacking, phishing, counterfeit products, identity theft, bogus websites, and other scams.
• Local retailers are affected which brings down the country’s economy.

Question 46.
(i) Read the following sentences, spot the errors and rewrite the sentence correctly.
(a) The colour of the curtains are very bright.
(b) I saw an uniformed soldier behind the wall.
(c) Nobody knows why was he killed.
(d) My older brother is living abroad.
(e) They are discussing about their picnic.
Answer:
(a) The colour of the curtains is very bright.
(b) I saw a uniformed soldier behind the wall.
(c) Nobody knows why he was killed.
id) My older brother lives abroad.
(e) They are discussing their picnic.

[OR]

(ii) Fill in the blanks suitably
(a) Have you ever…………such a beautiful ……… (scene/seen)
(b) How ………. you disobey my words? (use a quasi modal verb)
(c) What is done ………… not be undone, (use a modal verb)
(d) Take an umbrella with you ……….. you will get wet (use a suitable link word)
Answer:
(a) seen, scene
(b) dare
(c) can
(d) or else

Question 47.
Identify each of the following sentences with the given fields given below:
(a) In a democracy, we have the right to criticise anyone.
(ft) The price of the vegetable shot up suddenly.
(c) The passenger sat down to check his e-mails.
(d) It was a thrilling neck and neck finish.
(e) The programme will be telecast next week.
(Commerce, Sports, Literature, Computer, Politics, Media, Agriculture)
Answer:
(a) Politics
(b) Commerce
(c) Computer
(d) Sports
(e) Media

[OR]

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
After the meal, the way we place our eating tools, our knives, forks, spoons or chopsticks is also culturally defined. In Australia, when we have finished eating the main course, we put the knife and fork across the middle of the plate parallel to each other with the handles facing towards us.

When we are resting during the meal, we place the knife and fork across each other in the middle of the plate. In China, the chopsticks go crossways across the top of the plate with the handles facing towards the right. In Indonesia, some people place the fork and spoon like the Australians do but not all. Indonesia is a multi-cultural society, so there may be a number of customs practised within the country.
Questions:
(a) Which table manners reveals one’s culture?
(b) Is table manners important? Why?
(c) What do you know about the table manners observed by the Australians?
(d) How do the Chinese practise their table manners?
(e) Explain the Indonesian culture.
Answer:
(a) After the meal, the way we place our eating tools, our knives, forks, spoons or chopsticks is culturally defined.
(b) Yes, because it ensures comfort of both the guests and hosts at the table.
(c) In Australia, when people have finished eating the main course, they put the knife and fork across the middle of the plate parallel to each other with the handles facing towards them. When they are resting during the meal, they place the knife and fork across each other in the middle of the plate.
(d) In China, the chopsticks go crossways across the top of the plate with the handles facing towards the right.
(e) Indonesia is a multi-cultural society, so there may be a number of customs practised within the country.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Solutions Chapter 13 Structural Organisation of Animals

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Structural Organisation of Animals Textual Evaluation Solved

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
In leech, locomotion is performed by _____.
(a) Anterior sucker
(b) Posterior sucker
(c) Setae
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(d) None of the above.

Question 2.
The segments of leech are known as:
(a) Metameres (somites)
(b) Proglottids
(c) Strobila
(d) All the above
Answer:
(a) Metameres (somites)

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Question 3.
Pharyngeal ganglion in leech is a part of _____.
(a) Excretory system
(b) Nervous system
(c) Reproductive system
(d) Respiratory system.
Answer:
(b) Nervous system

Question 4.
The brain of leech lies above the:
(a) Mouth
(b) Buccal Cavity
(c) Pharynx
(d) Crop
Answer:
(c) Pharynx

Question 5.
The body of leech has _____.
(a) 23 segments
(b) 33 segments
(c) 38 segments
(d) 30 segments.
Answer:
(b) 33 segments

Question 6.
Mammals are ______ animals.
(a) Cold – blooded
(b) Warm – blooded
(c) Poikilothermic
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(b) Warm – blooded

Question 7.
The animals which give birth to young ones are:
(a) Oviparous
(b) Viviparous
(c) Ovoviviparous
(d) All the above
Answer:
(b) Viviparous

II. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
The posterior sucker is formed by the fusion of the _______ segments.
Answer:
Last seven.

Question 2.
The existence of two sets of teeth in the life of an animal is called ______ dentition.
Answer:
Diphyodont.

Question 3.
The anterior end of leech has a lobe-like structure called _____.
Answer:
Sucker.

Question 4.
The blood-sucking habit of a leech is known as _____.
Answer:
Sanguivorous.

Question 5.
______ separate nitrogenous waste from the blood in the rabbit.
Answer:
Nephrons.

Question 6.
_____ spinal nerves are present in the rabbit.
Answer:
37 pairs of.

III. Identify whether the statements are true or false. Correct the false statement.

Question 1.
An anticoagulant present in the saliva of the leech is called heparin.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The anticoagulant present in the saliva of the leech is called Hirudin.

Question 2.
The vas deferens serves to transport the ovum.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The vas deferens serves to transport the sperm.

Question 3.
The rabbit has a third eyelid called tympanic membrane which is movable.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The rabbit has a third eyelid called Nictitating membrane, which is movable.

Question 4.
Diastema is a gap between premolar and molar teeth in rabbit.
Answer:
True.

Question 5.
The cerebral hemispheres of the rabbit are connected by a band of nerve tissue called corpora quadrigemina.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The cerebral hemisphere of the rabbit are connected by a band of nerve tissue called Corpus callosum.

IV. Match the Columns I, II and III correctly.

Question 1.

Organs	Membranous Covering	Location
Brain	Pleura	abdominal cavity
Kidney	Capsule	Mediastinum
Heart	Meninges	enclosed in the thoracic cavity
Lungs	Pericardium	cranial cavity

Answer:

Organs	Membranous Covering	Location
Brain	Meninges	cranial cavity
Kidney	Capsule	abdominal cavity
Heart	Pericardium	enclosed in the thoracic cavity
Lungs	Pleura	mediastinum

V. Answer in a sentence.

Question 1.
Give the common name of the Hirudinaria granulosa.
Answer:
Indian Cattle Leech.

Question 2.
How does leech respire?
Answer:
The leech respire through skin (diffusion).

Question 3.
Write the dental formula of the rabbit.
Answer:
Dental formula is \(\left(\mathrm{I} \frac{2}{1}, \mathrm{C} \frac{0}{0}, \mathrm{PM} \frac{3}{2}, \mathrm{M} \frac{3}{3}\right)\) in Rabbit, which is written as \(\frac{2033}{1023}\)

Question 4.
How many pairs of testes are present in leech?
Answer:
In leech, there are eleven pairs of testes. One pair in each segment from 12 to 22 segments.

Question 5.
How is diastema formed in rabbit?
Answer:
The diastema is formed in Rabbit, as a gap between the incisors and premolars,

Question 6.
What organs are attached to the two bronchi?
Answer:
Lung, Bronchioles and Alveoli are the Organs, attached to Bronchi.

Question 7.
Which organ acts as suction pump in leech?
Answer:
The muscular pharynx found below the buccal cavity acts as suction pump in leech. It is surrounded by large masses, unicellular glands called salivary glands.

Question 8.
What does CNS stand for?
Answer:
CNS stands for Central Nervous System.

Question 9.
Why are the teeth of a rabbit called heterodont?
Answer:
The teeth of Rabbit are of different types. So it is called heterodont.

Question 10.
How does leech suck blood from the host?
Answer:
In leech, blood is sucked by the muscular pharynx. The salivary secretion is poured in the wound. The saliva contains an active substance called hirudin which prevents the coagulation of the blood.

VI. Short Answer Questions.

Question 1.
Why are the rings of cartilages found in the trachea of a rabbit?
Answer:
Tracheal walls are supported by rings of cartilage, which help in the free passage of air.

Question 2.
List out the parasitic adaptations in leech.
Answer:

1. The suckers are the primary organ of the blood sucking.
2. The blood is sucked by muscular pharynx.
3. Leeches attaches itself to the body of host by Anterior and Posterior ends of the body.
4. The three jaws inside the mouth, causes a painless triradiate or Y shaped incision in the skin of the host.
5. A protein called hirudin is produced in the salivary gland of leech to prevent blood coagulation. Thus, a continuous supply of the blood is maintained.
6. Parapodia and setae are completely absent.
7. Leeches also inject an anaesthetic substances that prevents the host from feeling their bite.
8. In the crop, blood is stored which gives nourishment to the leech for several months. Due to this reason there is no eloborate secretion of the digestive juices and enzymes.

VII. Long Answer Questions.

Question 1.
How is the circulatory system designed in leech to compensate the heart structure?
Answer:
There are no true blood vessels in leeches. The blood vessels are replaced by canals called haemocoelic canals. These canals are filled with haemocoelic fluid. There are four longitudinal canals. One is dorsal lying above the alimentary canal, another is ventral lying below the alimentary canal. The remaining two are lateral lying on either side of the alimentary canal. These four canals are connected together at the posterior end. There is no heart, but the lateral channels serve as a heart by being contractile. They have values inside. The dorsal and ventral channels are non-contractile having no muscular walls.

Question 2.
How does locomotion take place in leech?
Answer:
Locomotion in leech takes place by:

• Looping or Crawling movement: This type of movement is brought about, by the contraction and relaxation of muscles. The two suckers, serve for attachment, during movement on a substratum.
• Swimming movement: Leeches swim very actively and perform undulating movements in the water.

Question 3.
Explain the male reproductive system of the rabbit with a labelled diagram.
Answer:
A pair of Testes, which are ovoid in shape, are enclosed by Scrotal Sac, in the abdominal cavity. Each testis consists of numerous fine tubules called Seminiferous tubules. This network of tubules leads into a coiled tubule called Epididymis, which lead into the sperm duct called vas deferens. The vas deferens join in the urethra, just below the Urinary Bladder. The Urethra runs backwards and passes into the penis.

The Prostate gland, Cowper’s gland and Perineal gland are the three accessory glands, whose secretions are involved in reproduction.

VIII. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

Question 1.
Arjun is studying in tenth standard. He was down with fever and went to meet the doctor. As he went to the clinic he saw a patient undergoing treatment for severe leech bite. Being curious, Arjun asked the doctor why leech bite was not felt as soon as it attaches to the skin ? What would have been the reply given by the doctor?
Answer:
The leech makes a wound with the jaws by making a rasping movement. The blood is sucked by the muscular pharynx. The salivary secretion is poured in the wound. They inject an anaesthetic substances that prevents the host from feeling their bite. The saliva contains an active substances called hirudin which prevents the coagulation of the blood.

Question 2.
Shylesh has some pet animals at his home. He has few rabbits too, one day while feeding them he observed something different with the teeth. He asked his grandfather, why is it so? What would have been the explanation of his grandfather?
Answer:
The explanation of the grandfather would have been as follows: Teeth are hard bone – like structures, used to cut, tear and grind the food. There are incisors, canines, premolars and molars teeth are seen. Canines are absent. Something different from the teeth is the gap between incisors and premolar, which is called Diastema. It helps in mastication and chewing the food.

IX. Value-Based Questions.

Question 1.
Leeches do not have an secretion of digestive juices and enzymes -Why?
Answer:
The blood sucked by the leech is stored up in the crop. The blood gets haemolysed in the crop. Then the blood is passed drop by drop into the stomach where it is digested slowly by the peptolytic enzyme. The digested blood is absorbed slowly by the intestine.

Question 2.
How is the digestive system of rabbit suited for a herbivorous mode of feeding?
Answer:
The caecum is a thin – walled sac present at the Junction of the small intestine and large intestine. It contains bacteria, that helps in digestion of cellulose. So the digestive system of Rabbit is suited for a herbivorous mode of feeding.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Structural Organisation of Animals Additional Questions Solved

I. Match the following.

Question 1.

1. Segmentation	(a) Hirudin
2. Gregarious	(b) Vagina
3. Blood clotting	(c) Metamerism
4. Four chambered	(d) Move-in groups
5. Oviducts	(e) Septum

Answer:
1. (c) Metamerism
2. (d) Move-in groups
3. (a) Hirudin
4. (e) Septum
5. (b) Vagina.

II. Choose the correct pair.

Question 1.
The digestion of cellulose in rabbit takes place in:
(a) vemiform appendix
(b) colon
(c) caecum
(d) ileum
Answer:
(c) caecum

Question 2.
(a) Ureter and Dermis
(b) Clitella and Mouth
(c) Vagina and Egg case
(d) Sucker and Small intestine.
Answer:
(c) Vagina and Egg case

Question 3.
Total number of incisors teeth in rabbit is:
(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 10
(d) 4
Answer:
(b) 6

Question 4.
(a) Mouth and Metamerism
(b) Ganglion and Colon
(c) Intestine and Integument
(d) Expiration and Inspiration.
Answer:
(d) Expiration and Inspiration

Question 5.
(a) Sweat glands and Sebaceous glands
(b) Triradiate and Thoracic
(c) Trachea and Tricuspid
(d) Seminiferous and Sansuivorous.
Answer:
(a) Sweat glands and Sebaceous glands

III. Fill in the Blanks.

Question 1.
In leech, the ______ tissue lies beneath longitudinal muscles and fills the entire colon around the gut.
Answer:
Botryoidal.

Question 2.
_____ teeth are absent in Rabbit.
Answer:
Canine.

Question 3.
Digestion in leech takes place in the stomach by the action of ______ enzyme.
Answer:
Proteolytic.

Question 4.
The anterior part of the windpipe is enlarged to form ______ or _____.
Answer:
Larynx or Voicebox.

Question 5.
The opening of the pulmonary artery and Aorta are guarded by three ________ valves.
Answer:
Semilunar.

Question 6.
The coelomic fluid contains _____.
Answer:
Haemoglobin.

Question 7.
The Jaws of Leeches are provided with _____.
Answer:
Papillae.

Question 8.
The pain of testes is enclosed by a sac called _____.
Answer:
Scrotal Sac.

Question 9.
Central Nervous System consists of _______ and _____.
Answer:
Brain, Spinal Chord.

Question 10.
Autonomous nervous system comprises _______ and _____.
Answer:
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic.

Question 11.
Each kidney is made up of several _____.
Answer:
Nephrons.

Question 12.
In Rabbits, as male and female sexes are separate, _____ is exhibited.
Answer:
Sexual dimorphism.

Question 13.
The other name for the voice box is _____ and the other name for the windpipe is _____.
Answer:
Larynx, Trachea.

Question 14.
The right and left ventricles are separated by _____.
Answer:
Inter Ventricular Septum

Question 15.
The external ear or ______ is situated at the top of the head in Rabbits.
Answer:
Pinnae.

IV. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
The largest portion of the Alimentary Canal in Leech is _____.
(a) Mouth
(b) Pharynx
(c) Oesophagus
(d) Crop.
Answer:
(d) Crop.

Question 2.
In Leech, the dense network of tiny blood vessels, containing Haemocoelic fluid is called _____.
(a) Artery
(b) Capillaries
(c) Vein
(d) Blood Vessel.
Answer:
(b) Capillaries

Question 3.
Body wall of Leech includes ______ layers.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 5
(d) 4.
Answer:
(c) 5

Question 4.
In female Rabbits, these four or five structures are present on the ventral surface between the thorax and abdomen _____.
(a) Nipples or Trets
(b) Limbs
(c) Vibrissae
(d) Diaphragm.
Answer:
(a) Nipples or Trets

Question 5.
In male rabbits, this structure is found in the ventral side of Anus _____.
(a) Claws
(b) Sweat glands
(c) Penis
(d) Abdomen.
Answer:
(c) Penis

V. Read the following statements and correct them, if it is not true.

Question 1.
Dorsal surface of Leech is Orange Yellow or Red in colour.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: Dorsal surface of Leech is Olive green in colour.

Question 2.
The clitellum is formed on segments 9 to 11, which is meant to produce cocoon, during the breeding season.
Answer:
True.

Question 3.
The lower side of the thoracic cavity in Rabbit is the dome-shaped Sternum.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The lower side of the thoracic cavity in Rabbit is the dome-shaped Diaphragm.

Question 4.
Mammary glands are the modified glands of the skin.
Answer:
True.

Question 5.
The supra pharyngeal ganglion lies below the Pharynx and is formed by the fusion of four pairs of Ganglia.
Answer:
False.
Correct Statement: The sub pharyngeal ganglion lies below the Pharynx and is formed by the fusion of four pairs of Ganglia.

VI. Find the Odd One Out.

Question 1.
Cuticle, Epidermis, Sphincters, Muscular layer.
Answer:
Sphincters.

Question 2.
Undigested food, Genital pore, Rectum, Anus.
Answer:
Genital pore.

Question 3.
Gregarious, Thorax, Abdomen, Pinnae.
Answer:
Gregarious.

Question 4.
Nephrons, Nitrogenous waste, Scrotal Sac, Urea.
Answer:
Scrotal Sac.

Question 5.
Teats or Nipples, Hairs, Claws, Nails
Answer:
Teats or Nipples.

V. Answer the following in a word or sentence.

Question 1.
Where is mouth located in Leech?
Answer:
The mouth is located in the middle of the Anterior Sucker.

Question 2.
List out the structures derived from the skin of rabbit.
Answer:
The structures derived from the skin of rabbit are hair, claws, nails and glands like sweat glands, sebaceous glands and mammary glands.

Question 3.
What is Epiglottis?
Answer:
Epiglottis is a flap, in the neck, which prevents the entry of food into the trachea through the glottis.

Question 4.
The excretory system of rabbit is called a urinogenital system?
Answer:
The Urinogenital system of rabbit comprises the urinary system and genital or reproductive system. So they are called urinogenital system.

Question 5.
Where are Annular and Segmental receptors located?
Answer:
Annular receptors are located in each annulus and Segmental receptors are located on the first annulus of each segment.

Question 6.
What are Vibrissae?
Answer:
In Rabbit, from each side of upper lip tactile hairs or Whiskers present, which are called Vibrissae.

Question 7.
What is the scientific name of rabbit?
Answer:
The scientific name of rabbit is Oryctolagus cuniculus.

Question 8.
Which glands regulate the body temperature of Rabbits?
Answer:
The Sweat glands and Sebaceous glands embedded in the skin regulate the body temperature of Rabbits.

VI. Answer Briefly.

Question 1.
Explain the Excretory System of Leech briefly.
Answer:
In Leech, excretion takes place by segmentally arranged paired tubules called Nephridia. There are 17 pairs of Nephridia, which open out by nephridiopores from 6th to 22nd segments.

Question 2.
Explain the types of coelom in leech.
Answer:
Leech contains special longitudinal canals called haemocoelic canals filled with a blood like fluid called haemocolic fluid. This type of coelom is called Haemocoel.

Question 3.
What are Receptors? Write a short note on Receptors.
Answer:
Sensory projections are called Receptors on the dorsal side, there are five pairs of eyes on the first five segments. Annular receptors are located in each Annulus and segmental receptors are located on the first annulus of each segment.

Question 4.
What is hermaphrodite?
Answer:
If the male and female reproductive organs are present in the same animals, ‘ then the organism is said to hermaphrodite.

Question 5.
Name three accessory glands, which involve in the male reproductive system of Rabbit.
Answer:

• Prostate gland
• Cowper’s gland
• Perineal gland.

Their secretion involved in Reproduction.

Question 6.
Name the following:
(a) Three membranes, which cover the Brain in Rabbit
(b) Division of brain
Answer:
(a) Three membranes, which cover the Brain in Rabbit

• Dura mater
• Inner Piameter
• Arachnoid membrane.

(b) Division of brain

1. Forebrain (Prosencephalon)
2. Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
3. Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon).

Question 7.
Write a note on Medicinal value of Leech.
Answer:

1. Leeches breaks up blood clots.
2. Increases blood circulation
3. Leeches are used to treat cardio vascular diseases.
4. Saliva of leeches are used in the preparation of drugs that can treat hypertension.

Question 8.
With the Tabular Column, mention the Divisions of the body of Leech.
Answer:

Region	Segments
Cephalic region	1st – 5th
Pre-clitellar region	6th, 7th and 8th
Clitellar region	9th, 10th and 11th
Middle region	12th – 22nd
Caudal region	23rd – 26th
Posterior sucker	27th – 33rd

Question 9.
Explain the hermaphrodite structure of leech.
Answer:
Leech is hermaphrodite because it contain both male and female genital organ in same animal.
Male Reproductive system: It is formed of: (i) Testes, (ii) Vas efferens, (Hi) Epididymis, (iv) Ejaculatory ducts and atrium.

There are eleven pairs of testes, one pair in each segment from 12 to 22 segments. They are in the form of spherical sacs called testes sacs. From each testes arises a short duct called vas efferens, which join with the vas deferens. The vas deferens becomes convoluted to form the epididymis or sperm vesicle, to store spermatozoa.

The epididymis leads to a short duct called ejaculatory duct. The ejaculatory ducts on both sides join to form the genital atrium. The atrium consists of two regions, the coiled prostate glands and the penial sac consisting of penis that opens through the male genital pore.

Female Reproductive system : It consists of ovaries, oviducts and vagina. There is a single pair of ovary in the 11th segment on the ventral side. Each ovary is a coiled ribbon-shaped structure. The ova are budded off from the ovary. From each ovary runs a short oviduct. The oviducts of the two sides joins together, to form a common oviduct. The common oviduct opens into a pear-shaped vagina which lies mid-ventrally in the posterior part of the 11th segment.

VIII. Label the following diagrams.

Question 1.
Draw and label the female Reproductive System of Rabbit.
Answer:

Question 2.
Draw and label the Digestive System of Leech.
Answer:

Question 3.
Draw and label the Brain of the rabbit.
Answer:

Question 4.
Draw and label the Lung of Rabbit.
Answer:

IX. Answer the following in Detail.

Question 1.
Explain the Digestive System of Rabbit with a neat labelled diagram.
Answer:
Teeth are hard, bone – like structures used to cut, tear and grind the food materials. The digestive system includes the Alimentary canal and the associated digestive glands. The alimentary canal consists of a mouth, buccal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and anus. The mouth is a transverse slit, bounded by upper and lower lips.

It leads to a buccal cavity muscular tongue is at the floor of the buccal cavity. Jaws bear teeth. Buccal cavity leads into Oesophagus. Oesophagus opens into the stomach followed by the small intestine. The thin-walled Sac, called Caecum, present at the Junction of the small intestine and large intestine, contains bacteria, which helps in digestion of cellulose.

The digestive glands such as salivary glands, gastric glands, Liver, Pancreas and intestinal glands secrete digestive juices, which help in the digestion of food in the Alimentary canal. After digestion, from the small intestine, the undigested food and wastes enter into the large intestine, which has colon and rectum. The rectum opens outside by the Anus.

Question 2.
Explain the male and the female Reproductive system of Leech with a neat labelled diagram.
Answer:
Leech is hermaphrodite, both the male and female reproductive organs are present in the same.
Male Reproductive system: There are eleven pairs of testes, one pair in each segment from 12 to 22 segments. They are in the form of Spherical Sacs called testes sacs. From each testis arises a short duct called Vas efferents, which join with the Vas deferens.

The Vas deferens becomes convoluted to form the epididymis or sperm vesicle, to store spermatozoa. The epididymis leads to a short duct called the ejaculatory duct. The ejaculatory duct on both sides joins to form Genital Atrium. The Atrium consists of prostate glands and the Penial sac, with Penis, that opens through the genital pore.

Female Reproductive system: It consists of Ovaries, Oviducts and Vagina. Each ovary is coiled, ribbon-shaped, and the single pair of the ovary is in the 11th segment. The Ova are budded off from the ovary. From each ovary runs a short oviduct, and the oviducts of two sides join together, to form a common Oviduct, which opens into a pear-shaped Vagina. Vagina lies mid ventrally in the posterior part of 11th segment.

Internal fertilisation takes place. This is followed by cocoon formation. The cocoon or egg case is formed around 9th, 10th and 11th segments. Development directs, proceeds in a cocoon, which contain one to 24 embryos. The emerging young leech resembles the adult Leech.

Question 3.
Explain the Circulatory system of Rabbit with a neat labelled diagram of a Heart.
(i) Observe the external morphology of leech specimen in your biology laboratory.
(ii) Can you find leeches in your locality?
(iii) In which geographical areas are leeches found more predominantly in India?
Answer:
The Circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels and Heart. The Heart is pear-shaped, lies in between the lungs, in the thoracic cavity. The heart is covered by a double-layered Pericardium. The Heart is four-chambered, with two Auricles and two ventricles. The right and the left ventricles are separated by inter auricular septum. The right and the left ventricles are separated by the interventricular septum. The right auricle opens into the right ventricle, by right Auriculoventricular aperture, guarded by a tricuspid valve. The left auricle opens into the left ventricle by left Auriculoventricular aperture, guarded by a bicuspid valve or Mitral valve. The opening of the Pulmonary Artery and Aorta are guarded by three semilunar valves.

The right Auricle receives deoxygenated blood through two Precaval (superior vena cava) and one postcaval (Inferior vena cava) veins from all parts of the body. The left auricle receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins from the lungs.
From the right ventricle arises Pulmonary trunk, which carries the deoxygenated blood to the lungs and from the left ventricle arises the systemic arch (aorta) which supplies Oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.

(i) Observe the external morphology of Leech in the preserved bottle specimens in the Biology Laboratory.
(ii) No, Not in our areas. The Leeches are common in hilly areas
(iii) Most Leech species are found in shallow, slow-moving freshwater and moist soil on land.

IX. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

Question 1.
How were Leeches used in Ancient times?
Answer:
Leeches were used in medicines from Ancient times. Until the 19th century, Leeches were used to draw blood from patients.

Question 2.
How are Leeches used in modern times?
Answer:
In modem times, Leeches find medical use in the treatment of Joint diseases such as Epicondylitis and Osteoarthritis, Extremity vein diseases and Microsurgery. Hirudin is a valuable dmg for some blood clotting disorders. There are doctors who will use Leeches to treat muscle cramps.

Question 3.
What is the benefit of Rabbit?
Answer:
Rabbit meat is white meat of high quality, easily digestible with low fat, low cholesterol and high protein compared to most other meats. It is an excellent source of vitamins B₃ and B₁₂, minerals, and trace elements (Phosphorus, Potassium and Selenium) Rabbit meat is an excellent balance of fatty acids, Omega 3 than chicken or pork.

Students can download 12th Business Maths Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Miscellaneous Problems and Answers, Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Integral Calculus I Miscellaneous Problems

Evaluate the following integrals:

Question 1.
\(\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{x+3}} d x\)
Solution:

Question 2.
\(\int \frac{d x}{2-3 x-2 x^{2}}\)
Solution:

Question 3.
\(\int \frac{d x}{e^{x}+6+5 e^{-x}}\)
Solution:

Question 4.
\(\int \sqrt{2 x^{2}-3} d x\)
Solution:

Question 5.
\(\int \sqrt{9 x^{2}+12 x+3} d x\)
Solution:


Note: The constant \(\frac{1}{6}\) log 3 can be merged with the constant ‘c’.

Question 6.
∫(x + 1)² log x dx
Solution:
∫(x + 1)² log x dx
We use integration by parts method.

Question 7.
\(\int \log (x-\sqrt{x^{2}}-1) d x\)
Solution:

Question 8.
\(\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{x(x-1)} d x\)
Solution:

Question 9.
\(\int_{-1}^{1} x^{2} e^{-2 x} d x\)
Solution:

Question 10.
\(\int_{0}^{3} \frac{x d x}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{5 x+1}}\)
Solution: