Class 10

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu

Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Textual Exercise

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
Who was the first Palayakkarar to resist the East India Company’s policy of territorial aggrandizement?
(a) Marudhu brothers
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Velunachiyar
(d) Veera Pandya Kattabomman
Answer:
(b) Puli Thevar

Question 2.
Who had borrowed money from the East India Company to meet the expenses he had incurred during the Carnatic wars?
(a) Velunachiyar
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Nawab of Arcot
(d) Raja of Travancore
Answer:
(c) Nawab of Arcot

Question 3.
Who had established close relationship with the three agents of Chanda Sahib?
(a) Velunachiyar
(b) Kattabomman
(c) Puli Thevar
(d) Oomai thurai
Answer:
(c) Puli Thevar

Question 4.
Where was Sivasubramanianar executed?
(a) Kayathar
(b) Nagalapuram
(c) Virupachi
(d) Panchalamkurichi
Answer:
(b) Nagalapuram

Question 5.
Who issued the Tiruchirappalli proclamation of Independence?
(a) Marudhu brothers
(b) Puli Thevar
(c) Veera Pandya Kattabomman
(d) Gopala Nayak
Answer:
(a) Marudhu brothers

Question 6.
When did the Vellore Revolt breakout?
(a) 24 May 1805
(b) 10 July 1805
(c) 10 July 1806
(d) 10 September 1806
Answer:
(c) 10 July 1806

Question 7.
Who was the Commander-in-Chief responsible for the new military regulations in Vellore Fort?
(a) Col. Fancourt
(b) Major Armstrong
(c) Sir John Cradock
(d) Colonel Agnew
Answer:
(c) Sir John Cradock

Question 8.
Where were the sons of Tipu Sultan sent after the Vellore Revolt?
(a) Calcutta
(b) Mumbai
(c) Delhi
(d) Mysore
Answer:
(a) Calcutta

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. The Palayakkarar system was put in place in Tamil Nadu by ……………..
2. Except the Palayakkarars of ……………., all other western Palayakkarars supported Puli-Thevar.
3. Velunachiyar and her daughter were under the protection of …………… for eight years.
4. Bennerman deputed ……………… to convey his message, asking Kattabomman to surrender.
5. Kattabomman was hanged to death at ……………..
6. The Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers was categorized in the British records as the ……………….
7. …………. was declared the new Sultan by the rebels in Vellore Fort.
8. ……………. suppressed the revolt in Vellore Fort.
Answers:
1. Viswanatha Nayaka
2. Sivagiri
3. GopalaNayaker
4. Ramalinga Mudaliar
5. Kayathar
6. South Indian Rebellion
7. Fateh Hyder
8. Col. Gillespie

III. Choose the correct statement.

Question 1.
(i) The Palayakkarar system was in practice in the Kakatiya Kingdom.
(ii) Puli Thevar recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764 after the death of Khan Sahib.
(iii) Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the Palayakkarars, without informing the Company administration was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764.
(iv) Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Kattabomman.
(a) (i) (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (i) (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) Under Colonel Campbell, the English Army went along with Mafuzkhan’s army.
(ii) After Muthu Vadugar’s death in Kalaiyar Kovil battle, Marudhu Brothers assisted Velunachiyar in restoring the throne to her.
(iii) Gopala Nayak spearheaded the famous Dindigul League.
(iv) In May 1799 Cornwallis ordered the advance of Company armies to Tirunelveli.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct.
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 3.
Assertion (A): Puli Thevar tried to get the support of Hyder Ali and the French.
Reason (R): Hyder Ali could not help Puli Thevar as he was already in a serious conflict with the Marathas.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of (A)
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
Answer:
(d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Apart from the new military Regulations the most objectionable was the addition of a leather cockade in the turban.
Reason (R): The leather cockade was made of animal skin.
(a) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
(b) Both. (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(c) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer:
(b) Both. (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

IV. Match the following.

Answer:
1. (e)
2. (c)
3. (b)
4. (a)
5.(d)

V. Answer the questions briefly.

Question 1.
What were the duties of the Palayakkarars?
Answer:

1. The Palayakkarars were free to collect revenue.
2. Administer the territory.
3. Settle disputes and maintain law and order also.
4. Helped the Nayak rulers to restore the kingdom.

Question 2.
Identify the Palayams based on the division of east and west.
Answer;
Among the 72 Palayakkarars, there were two blocks namely the eastern and the western Palayams.

• The eastern Palayams were – Sattur, Nagalapuram, Ettayapuram and Panchalam Kurichi.
• The western Palayams were – Uttrumalai, Thalavankottai, Naduvakurichi, Singampatti and Seithur.

Question 3.
Why was Heron dismissed from service?
Answer:

1. Puli Thevar continued were defy the authority of the English East India Company.
2. Col. Heron was urged by the company to deal the issue of Puli Thevar.
3. For want of canon and of supplies and pay to soldiers, colonel Heron abandoned the plan. Hence he was dismissed from service.

Question 4.
What was the significance of the Battle of Kalakadu?
Answer:
In the Battle of Kalakadu, Mahfuzkhan’s troops were routed by the huge forces of Puli Thevar.

Question 5.
What was the bone of contention between the Company and Kattabomman?
Answer:

1. The company gained the right to collect taxes from Panchalamkurichi which was under Kattabomman.
2. The company appointed collectors to collect taxes from all the Palayams.
3. The collectors humiliated the Palayakkarars and adopted force to collect the taxes.
4. This was the bone of contention between the company and Kattabomman.

Question 6.
Highlight the essence of the Tiruchirappalli Proclamation of 1801.
Answer:
The Tiruchirappalli Proclamation of 1801 was the first call to the Indians to unite against the British, cutting across region, caste, creed and religion. The Proclamation was pasted on the walls of the Nawab’s palace in Tiruchirappalli Fort and on the walls of the Srirangam Temple. As a result, many Palayakkarars of Tamil country rallied together to fight against the English.

Question 7.
Point out the importance of the Treaty of 1801.
Answer:

1. The Treaty of 1801 was known as “Carnatic Treaty”. Under the terms of the camatic Treaty of 31st July 1801.
2. The British assumed the direct control over Tamilagam.
3. The Palayakkarar system came to an end with the demolition of all forts and disbandment of their army.

VI. Answer all the questions given under each caption.

Question 1.
Velunachiyar
(a) Who was the military chief of Velunachiyar?
Answer:
Gopala Nayaker

(b) What were the martial arts in which she was trained?
Answer:
The martial arts in which she was trained were valari, stick fighting and to wield weapons.

(c) Whom did she marry?
Answer:
She was married to Muthu Vadugar, the Raja of Sivagangai.

(d) What was the name of her daughter?
Answer:
Her Daughter’s name was Vellachinachiar.

Question 2.

Dheeran Chinnamalai

(a) When was Dheeran Chinnamalai bom?
Answer:
Dheeran Chinnamalai was bom in 1756.

(b) How did he earn the title “Chinnamalai”?
Answer:
The tax money collected by Tipu’s Diwan was confiscated by Theerthagiri (original name of Dheeran Chinnamalai) While returning to Mysore. He let Diwan to go by instructing him to tell his sultan that “Chinnamalai” who is between Sivamalai and Chennimalai was the one who took away taxes. Thus he gained the name “Dheeran Chinnamalai”.

(c) Name the Diwan of Tipu Sultan.
Answer:
Diwan of Tipu Sultan was Mohammed Ali.

(d) Why and where was he hanged to death?
Answer:
Dheeran Chinnamalai refused to accept the overlordship of the British. So he was captured and imprisoned. In 31st July 1805 he was hanged to death at the top of the Sankagiri Fort.

VII. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
Attempt an essay of the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted against the East India Company.
Answer:
(i) Veera Pandya Kattabomman became the Palayakkarar of Panchalamkurichi after the death of his father, Jagavira Pandya Kattabomman. The company administrators did not give him much importance. But soon several events led to the conflict between him and the East India Company.

(ii) The Company had gained the right to collect taxes from Panchalamkurichi. The Collectors adopted force to collect the taxes. This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

(iii) When Kattabomman refused to pay the land revenue, he was asked to meet Jackson, the company official in Ramanathapuram where he had to stand for hours before the official. Kattabomman somehow escaped from there.

(iv) On his return to Panchalamkuruchi, Kattabomman represented to the Madras council about how he was ill-treated by the collector Jackson. The council asked Kattabomman to appear before a Committee with William Brown, William Oram and John Casamajor as members. The committee found Kattabomman innocent and Jackson was dismissed from service.

(v) Thereafter Kattabomman along with Marudhu Brothers confronted with the English. Kattabomman was asked to surrender. But his ‘evasive reply’ prompted Major Bannerman to attack his fort. The major soon seiged Panchalamkuruchi.

(vi) Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai where he was captured. During the trail Kattabomman bravely admitted all the charges levelled against him. He was hanged from a tamarind tree in the old fort of Kayathar.

Question 2.
Highlight the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome.
Answer:
Tragic fall of Sivagangai: In May 1801, the English attacked the rebles in Thanjaviir and Tiruchirapaili.

1. The rebels went to piranmalai and Kalaiyar kovil.
2. They were again defeated by the able commanders and superior military strength of the English company.
3. The rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801.
4. In 24th October 1801 the Marudhu brothers were executed in the Fort of Thirupathur near Ramanathapuram.

Outcomes:

1. The exploits and sacrifices of the Palayakkarars inspired later generations.
2. The Rebellion of Murudhu brothers called as “South Indian Rebellion is a landmark event in the history of Tamil Nadu.
3. The rebellion resulted in the liquidation of all the chieftains of Tamil Nadu.
4. The British assumed direct control over Tamilagam.
5. The Palayakkarar system came to an end with the demolition of all Forts and disbandment of their army.

Question 3.
Account for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806.
Answer:
After the suppression of resistance of Kattabomman and Marudhu Brothers in 1801, the British charged the Nawab of Arcot with disloyalty and forced a treaty on him. According to this treaty, the Nawab was forced to cede the districts of North Arcot, South Arcot, Tiruchirappalli, Madurai and Tirunelveli to the Company and transfer all the administrative powers to it.

But the resistance did not die down. The dispossessed little kings and feudal chieftains were continuously deliberating on the future course of action against the company. This finally resulted in the Vellore Revolt of 1806. The sepoys of the British Indian army nursed a strong sense of resentment over low salary and poor prospects of promotion. The English army officers gave little respect for the social and religious sentiments of the Indian sepoys also angered them.

The immediate cause of the revolt came in the form of a new military regulation according to which the Indian soldiers were asked not to wear caste marks or ear rings when in uniform. They were to be cleanly shaven on the chin and maintain uniformity how their moustache looked. The new turban added fuel to fire. The new turban had the leather cockade made of animal skin. The sepoys refused to wear it.

On 10 July 1806, in the early hours, guns began to boom. The Indian sepoys revolted against the company rule. However, the revolt was suppressed brutally.

VIII. Activity

Question 1.
Teacher can ask the students to prepare an album of patriotic leaders of early revolts against the British rule in Tamil Nadu. Using their imagination they can also draw pictures of different battles in which they attained martyrdom.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Question 2.
Stage play visualizing the conversation between Jackson and Kattabomman be attempted by students with the help of teachers.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Question 3.
A comparative study of Vellore Revolt and 1857 Revolt by students be tried enabling them to find out to what extent Vellore Revolt had all the forebodings of the latter.
Answer:
The Vellore Mutiny took place on July 10, 1806. This major act of defiance happened even before the famous Rebellion of 1857. Though lasting only for a day, the Vellore Mutiny marked the first ever large-scale and violent mutiny by Indian sepoys against the East India Company. It was triggered by the English disregard to the religious sensitivities of the Hindu and Muslim Indian sepoys. The Revolt of 1857 was a rather large revolt which went on for days. It was fed by resentments bom of diverse perceptions, including invasive British-style social reforms, harsh land taxes, as well as scepticism about the improvements brought about by British rule.
Students can make a comparative study under the guidance of their teacher.

Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
Palayakkarar system was in practice during the rule of ………………. of Warangal.
(a) Rajendra Chola
(b) Prataba Rudhra
(c) Ashoka
Answer:
(b) Prataba Rudhra

Question 2.
Puli Thevar’s three major ports came under the control of Yusuf khan on
(a) 18^th August 1798
(b) 16^th May 1761
(c) 19^th September 1798
(d) 16^th October 1799
Answer:
(b) 16^th May 1761

Question 3.
On many occasions the Palayakarars helped the ………….. rulers to restore the kingdom.
(a) Nayak
(b) Pallava
(c) Pandya
Answer:
(a) Nayak

Question 4.
Muthu vadagar died in the battle of :
(a) Kalakad
(b) Tiruchirapalli
(c) Kalaiyar kovil
(d) Palayamkottai
Answer:
(c) Kalaiyar kovil

Question 5.
The Proclamation of ………………. was the first call to the Indians to unite against the British.
(a) 1805
(b) 1809
(c) 1801
Answer:
(c) 1801

Question 6.
As per this treaty of 1801 Nawab of Arcot transferred all the administrative powers to the company:
(a) Treaty of Mangalore
(b) Treaty of Madras
(c) Treaty of Carnatic
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Treaty of Carnatic

Question 7.
Hyder Ali could not help Puli Thevar because ……………..
(a) he was not well
(b) he was in a serious conflict with the Marathas
(c) he did not like Puli Thevar
(d) he was hostile to Puli Thevar
Answer:
(b) he was in a serious conflict with the Marathas

Question 8.
Puli Thevar was defeated by:
(a) Colonel Heron
(b) Captain campbell
(c) Major cootes
(d) Colonel Fancourt
Answer:
(b) Captain campbell

Question 9.
Dheeran was well trained in ……………..
(a) modem warfare
(b) archery
(c) horse riding
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(d) all of the above

Question 10.
………………….. ordered the release of Sivasubramanianar and the suspension of the collector Jackson.
(a) Lord Wellesley
(b) John casamajor
(c) Governor edward clive
(d) General Bannerman
Answer:
(c) Governor edward clive

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Chinna Marudhu collected nearly ……………. men to challenge the English army.
2. ……………. tried to get the support of Hyder Ali and the French.
3. Puli Thevar wielded much influence over the ………………
4. …………… was the military chief of Velunachiyar.
5. The leather cockade was made of ……………..
6. The Marudhu brothers were executed in the Fort of Tirupathur near …………… on 24 October 1801.
7. ………….. policy of the English split the forces of the Palayakkarars.
8. ………….. wielded much influence over the western Palayakkarars.
9. Trained by the French Dheeran mobilised the …………….. youth in thousands and fought the British together with Tipu.
10. Tipu was killed at the end of the Anglo-Mysore war in …………….
Answers :
1. 1.20,000
2. Puli Thevar
3. Western Palayakkarars
4. Gopala Nayakar
5. animal skin
6. Ramanathapuram
7. Divide and Rule
8. Puli Thevar
9. Kongu 10.1799

III. Choose the correct statement.

Question 1.
(i) Kuyili was a faithful friend of Velunachiyar.
(ii) She led the unit of women soldiers named after Udaiyaal.
(iii) Udaiyaal was a timid girl who divulged information on Kuyili.
(iv) Kuyili is said to have walked into the British arsenal after setting herself on fire.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (ii),(iii) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

Question 2.
(i) Velunachiyar was crowned as Queen with the help of Puli Thevar.
(ii) She was the first female ruler or queen to resist the British colonial power in India.
(iii) Gopala Nayak drew inspiration from Tipu Sultan.
(iv) The Carnatic Treaty took place in the year 1801.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(c) (i) and (iii) are correct
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

1.	Khan Sahib	(a)	Friend of Velunachiyar
2.	Velunachiyar	(b)	Kattabomman’s brother
3.	Kuyili	(c)	Tipu’s diwan
4.	Oomathurai	(d)	Marudhanayagam Pillai
5.	Mohammed Ali	(e)	Bom in 1730

Answer:
1. (d)
2. (e)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

Question 2.

1.	Yusuf Khan	(a)	Military chief
2.	Dalavay	(b)	guerrilla attack
3.	Pagodas	(c)	Khan Sahib
4.	Dheeran Chinnamalai	(d)	Raja of Sivagangai
5.	Muthu Vadugar Periya Udaya Thevar	(e)	Forced labour

Answer:
1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (e)
4. (b)
5. (d)

V. Answer briefly:

Question 1.
Name the Palayakkarars who revolted against the British rule in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Puli Thevar, Velunachiyar, Dheeran chinnamalai, Marudhu brothers and Veerapandiya Kattabomman were some of the prominent Palayakkarars who revolted against the British rule in Tamil Nadu.

Question 2.
Explain about Ondiveeran’s bravery.
Answer:
Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Puli Thevar. Fighting by the side of Puli Thevar, he caused much damage to the company’s army. According to oral tradition, in one battle, Ondiveeran’s hand was chopped off and Puli Thevar was saddened. But Ondiveeran said it was a reward for his penetration into enemy’s fort causing many heads to roll.

Question 3.
Who supported the British and who did not join the confederacy of Puli Thevar?
Answer:
The English succeeded in getting the support of the Raj as of Ramanathapuram and Pudukkottai. The Palayakkarars of Ettayapuram, Panchalamkurichi and Sivagiri did not join the confederacy of Puli Thevar.

Question 4.
Who was Muthu Vadugar? How was he killed?
Answer:
Muthu Vadugar was the Raja of Sivagangai. He was married to Velunachiyar. In 1772, the Nawab of Arcot and the Company troops under the command of Lt. col. Bon Jour stormed the Kalaiyar Kovil Palace. In the ensuing battle Muthu Vadugar was killed.

Question 5.
Write a short note on Velunachiyar.
Answer:
Velunachiyar was bom in 1730 she was the only daughter of Raja Sellamuthu sethupathy of Ramanathapuram. She was trained in martial arts like valari, stick fighting and wield weapons. She was expert in horse riding and archery and had proficiency in English, French and Urdu.

Question 6.
What status did the Palayakkarars avail during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?
Answer:
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the Palayakkarars dominated the politics of Tamil country. They functioned as independent sovereign authorities within their respective Palayams.

Question 7.
Write a brief note on Marudhu brothers.
Answer:

1. Periya Marudhu or Vella Marudhu and his younger brother Chinna Marudhu were the able generals of Muthuvadugar of Sivagangai.
2. After Muthuvadugar’s death in the Kalaiyur kovil battle, they assisted in restoring the throne to Velunachiyar.
3. In the last years of the eighteenth century Marudhu brothers organised resistance against the British.

Question 8.
Give an estimate of the Vellore Revolt of 1806.
Answer:
The Vellore Revolt failed because there was no immediate help from outside. According to recent studies, the organizing part of the revolt was done perfectly by Subedars Sheik Adam and Sheik Hamid and Jamedar Sheik Hussain of the 2nd Battalion of 23^rd regiment. Vellore revolt had all the forebodings of the Great Rebellion of 1857. The only difference was that there was no civil rebellion following the mutiny.

VI. Answer all the questions given under each caption:

Question 1.
Vellore Revolt:

(a) When did the outbreak of Vellore revolt occur?
Answer:
Out break of Vellore revolt occurred on 10th July 1806.

(b) Who commanded the garrison?
Answer:
Colonel Fancourt commanded the garrison.

(c) By whom was the organising part of the revolt done?
Answer:
The organising part of the revolt was done perfectly by Subedars Sheik Adam and Sheik Hamid and Jamedar Shiek Hussain of 2nd battalion of 23rd regiment and subedar Jamedar Sheik Kasim of the 1st battalion of 1st regiment.

(d) Name the places where the Vellore revolt of 1806 echoed?
Answer:
Vellore Revolt of 1806 had its echoes in Bellary, Walajabad, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Nandydurg and Sankaridurg.

Question 2.
Appearance Before Madras Council

(a) Whom did the Madras council ask to appear before the committee?
Answer:
Kattabomman.

(b) Who were the committee members of Madras council?
Answer:
William Brown, William oram, John Casamajor.

(c) When did Kattabomman appear before the committee?
Answer:
Kattabomman appeared before the committee on 15th December 1798.

(d) What did Kattabomman report to the committee? What was the result?
Answer:
Kattabomman reported on what transpired in Ramanathapuram. The committee found Kattabomman was not guilty.

VII. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
Give an estimation of Revolt at Vellore (1806).
Answer:

1. General Gillespie from Arcot along with the captain young cavalry commander crushed the revolt. Nearly eight hundred soldiers were found dead. The organising part of the revolt was done perfectly by the subedars of 1st battalion of the 1st regiment and the 2nd battalion of 23rd regiment.
2. The Vellore revolt failed because there was no immediate help from outside.
3. It was the 1st open uprising of the Indian soldiers under British army.
4. This revolt was not confined to Vellore Fort alone but echoed outside regions also.
5. Vellore Revolt had all the forebodings of the Great Rebellion of 1857.
6. This was also called as Vellore mutiny as it arose only from the soldiers.

Question 2.
Give on assessment of Velunachiyar’s resistance to the British colonial power in India,
Answer:
Velunachiyar belonged to the royal family. She was brought up as a princess and was trained in marital arts. She was also adept in horse riding and archery. She was married to Muthu Vadugar, the Raja of Sivangangai. When the Raja was killed in the battle, Velunachiyar had to live under the protection of Gopala Nayakar at Virupachi near Dindigul for eight years. During her period in hiding, Velunachiyar organised an army and succeeded in securing an alliance with not only Gopala Nayakar but Hyder Ali as well. Dalavay (military chief) Thandavarayanar wrote a letter to Sultan Flyder Ali on behalf of Velunachiyar asking for 5000 infantry and 5000 cavalry to defeat the English. Velunachiyar explained in detail in Urdu all the problems she had with East India Company.

She conveyed her strong determination to fight the English. Impressed by her courage, Hyder Ali ordered his commandant Syed in Dindigul Fort to provide the required military assistance. Velunachiyar employed agents for gathering intelligence to find where the British had stored their ammunition. With military assistance from Gopala Nayakar and Hyder Ali, She recaptured Sivagangai. She was crowned as Queen with the help of Marudhu Brothers. ” She became the first female ruler to resist the British colonial power in India.

Impotant Events And Years:

Years	Events
1730	Velunachiyar born
1801	Sivagangai annexed, Carnatic Treaty
1799	Anglo – Mysore war
1806	Vellore (Revolt) Mutiny

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu Textual Exercise

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
Who was the first President of the Madras Mahajana Sabha?
(a) T.M. Nair
(b) P. Rangaiah Naidu
(c) G. Subramaniam
(d) G.A. Natesan
Answer:
(b) P. Rangaiah Naidu

Question 2.
Where was the third session of the Indian National Congress held?
(a) Marina
(b) Mylapore
(c) Fort St. George
(d) Thousand Lights
Answer:
(d) Thousand Lights

Question 3.
Who said “Better bullock carts and freedom than a train de luxe with subjection”?
(a) Annie Besant
(b) M. Veeraraghavachari
(c) B.P. Wadia
(d) G.S. Arundale
Answer:
(a) Annie Besant

Question 4.
Which among the following was SILF’s official organ in English?
(a) Dravidian
(b) Andhra Prakasika
(c) Justice
(d) New India
Answer:
(c) Justice

Question 5.
Who among the following were Swarajists?
(a) S. Satyamurti
(b) Kasturirangar
(c) P. Subbarayan
(d) Periyar EVR
Answer:
(a) S. Satyamurti

Question 6.
Who set up the satyagraha camp in Udyavanam near Madras?
(a) Kamaraj
(b) Rajaji
(c) K. Santhanam
(d) T. Prakasam
Answer:
(d) T. Prakasam

Question 7.
Where was the anti-Hindi Conference held?
(a) Erode
(b) Madras
(c) Salem
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(c) Salem

Question 8.
Where did the congress volunteers clash with the military during Quit India Movement?
(a) Erode
(b) Madras
(c) Salem
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(d) Madurai

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. …………… was appointed the first Indian Judge of the Madras High Court.
2. The economic exploitation of India was exposed by …………….., through his writings.
3. Nilakanta Brahmachari started the secret society name …………….
4. The starting of trade unions in Madras was pioneered by ……………..
5. The Dravidian Association Hostel for non-Brahmin students was established by ………………
6. ……………… formed the first Congress Ministry in Madras.
7. …………….. was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.
8. ……………. hoisted the national flag atop Fort St. George on 26 January 1932.
Answers:
1. T. Muthuswami
2. G. Subramaniam
3. Bharata Matha Society
4. B.P. Wadia
5. C. Natesanar
6. Rajaji
7. Yakub Hasan
8. Bhashyam

III. Choose the correct statement.

Question 1.
(i) Madras Native Association was founded in 1852.
(ii) Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitran was started in 1891.
(iii) The Madras Mahajana Sabha demanded conduct of civil services examinations only in India.
(iv) V.S. Srinivasanar was an extremist.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (iii) is correct
(c) (iv) is correct
(d) All are correct
Answer:
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) EVR did not participate in the Non – Cooperation Movement.
(ii) Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan of the Muslim League.
(iii) Workers did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement.
(iv) Toddy shops were not picketed in Tamil Nadu.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii) is correct
(d) (i) (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer:
(c) (ii) is correct

Question 3.
Assertion (A): The Justice Party opposed the Home Rule Movement.
Reason (R): The Justice Party feared that Home Rule would give the Brahmins more power.
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation
(b) A is correct but R is wrong
(c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation
Answer:
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation

Question 4.
Assertion (A): EVR raised the issue of representation for non-Brahmins in legislature.
Reason (R): During the first Congress Ministry, Rajaji abolished sales tax.
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation
(b) A is correct but R is wrong
(c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation
Answer:
(b) A is correct but R is wrong

IV. Match the following.

Answer:
1. (d)
2. (e)
3. (b)
4. (c)
5. (a)

V. Answer the questions briefly.

Question 1.
List out the contribution of the moderates.
Answer:
Contributions of the Moderates:

1. They exposed the liberal claims of the British and how the British exploited India.
2. They exposed British’s hypocrisy in following democratic principles in England and imposing an unrepresentative Government in the colonies.

Question 2.
Write a note on the Tirunelveli Uprising.
Answer:
The Tirunelveli uprising took place after the arrests of V.O. Chidambaram Pillai and Subramania Siva in 1908. They were charged with sedition. During the protests, a police station, a court building and municipal office were burnt down and four people died in police firing.

Question 3.
What is the contribution of Annie Besant to India’s freedom struggle?
Answer:

1. Annie Besant, an Irish lady and the leader of the Theosophical society started the Home Rule League on the modelof Irish Home Rule League in 1916.
2. She carried forward the demand for Home Rule all over India: She started the newspapers “New India, Commonweal” to carry forward her agenda.
3. Large number of students who joined the movement were trained in Home Rule classes.
4. They were formed into boy scouts and volunteer troops.
5. By forming trade unions with her member B.P Wadia improved the working conditions of’the workers and they made them part of the struggle for freedom.

Question 4.
Mention the various measures introduced by the Justice Ministry.
Answer:
Measures introduced by Justice Ministry:

• reservation for non-Brahmins in local bodies and education
• establishment of Staff Selection Board
• enactment of Hindu Religious, Endowment Act,
• abolition of devadasi system
• allotment of waste government land to the poor, and extension of primary education to depressed classes.

Question 5.
Write briefly on EVR’s contribution to the constructive programme.
Answer:

1. E.V.R played an important role in Tamil Nadu during the period of Non – Cooperation movement.
2. He campaigned vigorously for the promotion and sale of Khadi.
3. In his opposition to consumption of liquor he cut down on entire coconut grove owned by him.
4. He played a key role in Satyagraha for temple entry in vaikom, then under Travancore.
5. E.V.R went to Vaikom and galvanised the movement.
6. He was imprisoned and released after one-month.
7. He refused to leave vaikom and sentenced to six month rigorous imprisonment for making inspiring speeches.
8. Due to his undeterred effort, in 1925, the ban on the roads around the temple where the permission was not given to the depressed classes to enter was lifted.
9. He was hailed as “Vaikom Hero” for his contribution against caste discrimination and temple entry agitation.

Question 6.
What is Cheranmadevei Gurukuiam controversy?
Answer:
V.V.S. Iyer established a Gurukuiam in Cheranmadevi. It got funds from Congress, but students were discriminated on the basis of caste. E.V. Ramaswamy got to know about the practices in 1925 and he severely criticised it.

Question 7.
Why was anti-Hindi agitation popular?
Answer:

1. Congress Ministry under Rajaji introduced Hindi as a compulsory subject in schools.
2. This was considered as a form of Aryan and North. Indian imposition detrimental to Tamil language and culture, and therefore caused much public resentment.
3. E.V.R led a massive campaign against it.
4. He organised an anti-Hindi conference at Salem and formulated a definite programme of action.
5. A rally was organised from Trichirapalli to Madras.
6. More than 1200 protesters including E.V.R were arrested.
7. As a result after the resignation of Congress Ministry the then Governor of Madras removed Hindi as a compulsory subject in schools. Thus the anti-Hindi agitation became popular as it succeeds in its objective.

Question 8.
Outline the key incidents during the Quit India Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
All sections of the society in Tamil Nadu participated in the Quit India Movement. There were workers’ strikes and students also protested. There were many incidents of violence and disruption of rail traffic. Congress volunteers clashed with the military in Madurai. There were police firings at some places.

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption.

Question 1.
Early Nationalist Movement In Tamil Nadu

(a) What were the objectives of Madras Native Association?
Answer:

1. To promote the interests of its members.
2. Focused on reduction of taxation.

(b) What led to the emergence of nationalist press in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
The entire press was owned by the Europeans. When the appointment of Indian T. Muthuswami as Judge was criticised they felt the need of nationalist press to express the Indian perspective.

(c) What were the demands of Madras Mahajana Sabha?
Answer:

1. Conduct of simultaneous civil services examinations in England and India.
2. Reduction of taxes and reduction of civil and military expenditure.

(d) Who were the early nationalist leaders in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
The early nationalists leaders in Tamil Nadu were V.S. Srinivasa Sastri. RS.Sivasamy and G.A.Natesan, T.R.Venkatramanar, S.Subramaniar, V.krishnasamy.

Question 2.
Revolutionary Movement in Tamil Nadu
(a) List a few revolutionaries in Tamil Nadu. ‘
Answer:
Some revolutionaries in Tamil Nadu were M.P.T. Acharya, V.V.S. Iyer and T.S.S. Rajan.

(b) Why did Subramania Bharati moved to Pondicherry?
Answer:
Subramania Bharati went to Pondicherry to escape imprisonment after the Tirunelveli uprising in 1908. Pondicherry was under French rule.

(c) Name a few of the revolutionary literature?
Answer:
Some revolutionary literature includes India, Vijaya, and Suryodayam, which came out of Pondicherry.

(d) What did Vanchinathan do?
Answer:
Vanchinathan shot dead by Robert W.D’E. Ashe, the collector of Tirunelveli, at Maniyachi junction on 17th June 1911. He shot himself after that.

Question 3.
Non-Brahmin Movement

(a) Why was the South Indian Liberal Federation formed?
Answer:
South Indian Liberal Federation was formed to promote the interests of the Non – Brahmins.

(b) What is the Non-Brahmin Manifesto?
Answer:
Reservation of jobs for Non – Brahmins in Government service and seats in representative bodies.

(c) Why did EVR join the Non-Brahmin Movement?
Answer:
When EVR raised the issue of representation for Non – Brahmins in the legislature his efforts to achieve this since 1920 had met with.

(d) What do you know about anti-Hindi agitation?
Answer:
It Caused much resentment as it was considered to be a form of Aryan and North India imposition detrimental to Tamil language and culture.

VII. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
Discuss the response to Swadeshi Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
During the Swadeshi movement, public meetings were organized in various parts of Tamil Nadu, and they were attended by thousands of people. Tamil was used for the first time to mobilize people. Many journals came into existence to spread Swadeshi ideals. Students and youth participated widely in the movement. Some lectures were delivered by Bipin Chandra Pal, while Subramania Bharati’s patriotic songs stirred patriotic emotions in people.

Question 2.
Examine the origin and growth of Non- Brahmin Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Origin of Non – Brahmin Movemet.

Cause: In the Madras presidency due to the rapid growth of education, there was an increase in the number of educated Non – Brahmins.

Reason: Intense political and social activities politicised the educated Non-Brahmins to raise the issue of caste discrimination and unequal opportunities in Government employment and representation in the elected bodies which were dominated by Brahmins.

Formation: The Non – Brahmins organised themselves into political organisations to protect their interests.

1. In 1912 the Madras Dravidian Association was founded with C.Natesanar as its secretary. Active role if C.Natesanar. for the.growth of Non – Brahmin movement.
2. In June 1916 he established the Dravidian Association Hostel for Non¬Brahmin students.
3. He bridged the gap between the two leading Non-Brahmin leaders of the time Dr. T.M.Nair and P.Thiyagarayar.
4. On 20th November 1916 a meeting was held for about thirty Non-Brahmins under the leadership of P.Thiyagarayar Dr. T.M.Nair and C.Natesanar at Victoria public hall (Chennai).

South Indian Liberal Federation (SILF):

South Indian Liberal Federation was founded to promote the interests of the Non-Brahmins.

News papers launching: They launched three newspapers Justice – in English, Dravidian – in Tamil and Andhra prakasika in Telugu.

1. SILF popularly known as ‘Justice party’ after its English Newspaper.
2. They held several meetings throughout the presidency to set up branches.

Objectives of Non- Brahmin Manifesto:

1. Reservation of jobs in Government services.
2. Seats in local bodies

Achievement: The act of 1919 provided reservation of seats to Non-Brahmins.

In the elections held in 1920 the Justice Party won the majority seats in the Legislative Council. A. Subburayalu of the Justice Party became the first Chief Minister.

Question 3.
Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu was at the forefront of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Shops were picketed and foreign goods were boycotted in Madurai. C. Rajagopalachari led the Salt Satyagraha march to Vedaranyam and was arrested. The march took place in April 1930. Twelve volunteers broke the salt law by picking up the salt.

VIII. Activity

Question 1.
Students can be asked to write a sentence or two about the important places of freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Panchalankuruchi is a place 17 km from Tuticorin. This small village holds a lot of historic value in terms of India’s freedom struggle against English dominance. It is home to an 18th century chieftain Veerapandya Kattabomman who fought valiantly against the English, but was defeated and hanged.

Velunachiyar employed agents for gathering intelligence to find where the British had stored their ammunition. With military assistance from Gopala Nayakar and Hyder Ali she recaptured Sivagangai. She was the first female ruler or queen to resist the British colonial power in India.

A procession carrying national flags and singing patriotic songs was brutally beaten by the police in Tirupur. O.K.S.R. Kumaraswamy, popularly Tirupur Kumaran, fell dead holding the national flag aloft.

The Salt satyagraha under the leadership of T. Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanam near Madras. However, the police arrested them. In Madras, the Simon Boycott Propaganda Committee was set up with S. Satyamurti as the president. There was widespread campaign among the students, shopkeepers, lawyers and commuters in train to boycott.

Rowlatt Satyagraha: On 6 April 1919 hartal was organised to protest against the “Black Act”. Protest demonstrations were held at several parts of Tamil Nadu. Processions from many areas of the city converged in the Marina beach where there was a large gathering.

Annie Besant started the Home Rule League in 1916 and carried forward the demand for home rule all over India. G.S. Arundale, B.P. Wadia and C.P. Ramaswamy assisted her in this campaign.

Radical papers such as India, Vijaya and Suryodayam came out of Pondicherry. Such revolutionary papers and Bharati’s poems were banned as seditious literature. These activities in Pondicherry intensified with the arrival of Aurobindo Ghosh and V.V. Subramanianar in 1910.

Question 2.
Role Play: Students can be divided into groups and asked to debate the views of the Moderates, Extremists, Revolutionaries, Annie Besant’s supporters, Justice Party, and British Government.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
The first organization in the Madras presidency to agitate for the rights of people was the …………..
(a) Indian National Congress
(b) Madras Native Association
(c) Muslim league
Answer:
(b) Madras Native Association

Question 2.
…………………. played an active role as the secretary of Madras Mahajana Sabha.
(a) P.Anandacharlu
(b) Gazalu
(c) T.Muthuswami
(d) G.Subramaniam
Answer:
(a) P.Anandacharlu

Question 3.
The Headquarters of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee is named as ……………
(a) Raj Bhavan
(b) Sathyamurthi Bhavan
(c) Rajaji Bhavan
Answer:
(b) Sathyamurthi Bhavan

Question 4.
…………………. purchased two ships for Swadeshi Indian Trade.
(a) Bipin Chandra Pal
(b) V.O.Chidambaranar
(c) T.S.S.Rajan
(d) V.V.Subramaninar
Answer:
(b) V.O.Chidambaranar

Question 5.
Who made Hindi a compulsory subject …………..
(a) Rajaji
(b) V.O.C
(c) Nehru
Answer:
(a) Rajaji

Question 6.
Annie Besant was the leader of …………………. society who propagated Home Rule Movement in Madras.
(a) Theosophical
(b) Madras Dravidian Association
(c) Madras Mahajana Sabha
(d) Madurai Labour Union
Answer:
(a) Theosophical

Question 7.
Who started the Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitram?
(a) T. Muthuswami
(b) G. Subramaniam
(c) M. Veeraraghavachari
(d) P. Anandacharlu
Answer:
(b) G. Subramaniam

Question 8.
In Tamil Nadu Khilafat day was observed on:
(a) 19th April 1920
(b) 15 th April 1920
(c) 21st April 1920
(d) 17th April 1920
Answer:
(d) 17th April 1920

Question 9.
What was Bharata Matha Society?
(a) A newspaper
(b) A periodical
(c) A secret society
(d) A political party
Answer:
(c) A secret society

Question 10.
…………………. was hailed as Vaikom Hero.
(a) Periyar
(b) P.Subbarayan
(c) Rajaji
(d) M.A.Ansari
Answer:
(a) Periyar

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The third session of the Indian National Congress was held at …………., now known as the thousand lights.
2. ………….. provided a safe haven for the revolutionaries.
3. On 18th march 1919 Gandhi addressed a meeting on …………..
4. …………….. was the epicenter of Khilafat Agitaion.
5. A no-tax campaign took place in ……………
6. ………….. and ……………. was the first woman to pay penalty for violation of salt laws.
7. E.V.R organized an Anti-Hindi conference at …………..
8. In Madras, the Simon Boycott Propaganda Committee was set up with ……………… as the President.
9. The Government of India Act of 1935 introduced ……………….
10. ……………One of the controversial measures of Rajaji was the introduction of ………………. as a compulsory subject in school.
11. The Swarajists did not contest the 1930 elections leading to an easy victory for the ……………. party.
12. The Madras Native Association or MNA was the earliest organization to be founded in ……………. to articulate larger public rather than sectarian interests.
Answers:
1. Makkis Garden
2. Pondicherry
3. Marina beach
4. Vaniyambadi
5. Thanjavur
6. Rukmani Lakshmipathi
7. Salem
8. S. Satyamurthi
9. Provincial Autonomy
10. Hindi
11. Justice
12. South India

III. Choose the correct statement.

Question 1.
(i) The Non-Brahmin Manifesto opposed the Home Rule Movement as a movement of Brahmins and feared that Home Rule might give them more power.
(ii) However, it never criticized the Congress as the party of the Brahmins.
(iii) The Justice Party demanded communal representation in society.
(iv) The Madras government was supportive of the Justice Party. .
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (i) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (ii) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(c) (i) (iii) and (iv) are correct

Question 2.
Assertion: E. V. R. was becoming increasingly dissatisfied with the Congress.
Reason: He felt it was promoting the interests of the Brahmins alone.
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the right explanation
(b) A is right but R is wrong
(c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the right explanation
Answer:
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the right explanation

IV. Match the following.

1.	The Madras Native Association	(a)	1878
2.	The Hindu newspaper	(b)	1884
3.	The Madras Dravidian Association	(c)	1852
4.	The Temple Entry Authorisation and Indemnity Act	(d)	1912
5.	The Madras Mahajana Sabha	(e)	1939

Answer:
1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (e)
5. (b)

V. Answer briefly:

Question 1.
Who was appointed as High court Judge of Madras in 1877? How it was criticized?
Answer:
The appointment of T. Muthuswami as the First Indian Judge of Madras High court in 1877. The press entirely owned by Europeans criticized the appointment of an Indian as Judge.

Question 2.
Write a note on Subramaniya Siva.
Answer:

• Subramaniya Siva was bom in Vathalagundu in Dindigal district.
• He was a freedom fighter and a creative writer.
• He was arrested many times for his anti-imperialist activities.
• While in jail he was affected by leprosy and he was ordered to be shifted to Salem jail.
• But the British Government enacted a law for Siva stating that leprosy patient should not travel by rail. So he had to walk a long distance with sores on his body.
• He died of the disease on 23rd July 1925.

Question 3.
Name the states that was then a part of the Madras Presidency.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu was then a part of Madras Presidency which included larger parts of the present day states of Andhra Pradesh (Coastal districts and Royalaseema) Karnataka (Bengaluru, Bellary, South Canara) Kerala (Malabar) and even Odhisha (Ganjam).

Question 4.
Name the paper edited by Subramania Bharathiyar in 1907.
Answer:
Tamil weekly India and the English Newspaper ‘Bala Bharatham’ were edited by Subramania Bharathiyar in 1907.

Question 5.
Name the persons who assisted Annie Besant to carry the Home Rule Movement campaign.
Answer:
G.S.Arundale, B.P. Wadia and C.P.Ramaswamy were some of the personalities who assisted Annie Besant to carry the Home Rule movement campaign.

Question 6.
Who established the Madras Native Association? Why?
Answer:
It was established by Harley Lakshmi Narasu Chetty and Srinivasa Pillai in 1852.

Question 7.
Name the Newspapers launched by SILF.
Answer:
The Newspapers launched by SILF (South Indian Liberal Federation) were
Justice – in English
Dravidian – In Tamil – and
Andhra prakasika – in Telugu

Question 8.
When was the need for a newspaper keenly felt?
Answer:
The appointment of T. Muthuswami Iyer as the first South Indian Judge of the Madras High Court in 1878 created resentment in Madras Presidency. The entire press in Madras criticised the appointment of an Indian as a judge. This left a deep impact on the educated youth of India. For the first time they realized that the entire press was owned by Europeans. At this very moment the need for a newspaper to express the Indian perspective was keenly felt,

Question 9.
Name the persons who organised the “Black Act” protest, How?
Answer:
On 6^th April 1919 hartal was organised to protest against the ‘Black Act’ (Rowlatt Act).

1. Processions from many areas of the city converged at Marina Beach.
2. Rajaji, Kasturirangari S.Sathyamurthy, and George Joseph addressed the meeting.
3. Workers meeting was addressed by Thiru.V. Kalyanasundaranar, B.P. Wadia and V.O.C.. They devoted the whole day to fasting and prayers along with large number of people in the Marina Beach.

Question 10.
Why were the moderates disappointed with the Minto-Morley reforms?
Answer:
They were disappointed with the Minto-Morley reforms as it did not provide for responsible government. Despite this the Congress extended support to the British war effort in the hope of getting more reforms.

Question 11.
What resulted in India’s Independence?
Answer:
The Royal Navy Mutiny, the negotiations initiated by the newly formed • labour party Government in England resulting in India’s independence.

VI. Answer all the questions given under each caption:

Question 1.
Vanchinathan
(a) Whom did Vanchinathan kill?
Answer:
Collector Ashe.

(b) Where did he kill him?
Answer:
At Maniyachi Railway Station.

(c) Why did he kill him?
Answer:
To take revenge against the death of four extremists.

(d) What was the end of Vanchinathan?
Answer:
He committed suicide.

Question 2.
Salt March to Vedaranyam (second part)

(a) Who composed the marching song?
Answer:
A special song was composed for the salt march by Nammakkal Ramalinganar.

(b) How was the response from the people along their route?
Answer:
The marching Satyagraha’s were provided warm reception along the route.

(c) How many volunteers along with Rajaji picked up the salt ?
Answer:
Twelve volunteers under the leadership of Rajaji picked up the salt.

(d) Who were the other prominent leaders from Tamil Nadu participated?
Answer:
T.S.S.Rajan, Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam, C.Swaminathar and K.Santhanam were the prominent leaders who participated in Vedaranyam Salt march.

Question 3.
No Tax Campaign and Movement against Liquor
(a) Name the city where no-tax campaign took place. How did people respond to this campaign?
Answer:
Thanjavur. People boycotted councils, schools and courts. They also boycotted foreign goods.

(b) What was temperance movement? How was this movement made successful?
Answer:
Temperance Movement was a movement against liquor. This movement was made successful by picketing toddy shops.

(c) Why were Rajaji, Subramania Sastri and E. V. R. arrested?
Answer:
They were arrested because they were going to organise civil disobedience movement in Tamil Nadu.

(d) Why was the Non Co-operation Movement withdrawn?
Answer:
It was withdrawn after the Chauri Chaura incident in which 22 policemen were killed.

VII. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
What were the reforms brought forth by the first Congress Ministry led by C. Rajaji?
Answer:

1. C. Rajaji formed the first Congress Ministry in 1937.
2. He introduced prohibition on an experimental basis in salem.
3. To compensate the loss of revenue he introduced a sales tax.
4. He opened temples to the ‘untouchables’ (Harijans).
5. He appointed a committee to enquire into the condition of the tenants in the zamindari areas.
6. One of the controversial measures of Rajaji was the introduction of Hindi as a compulsory subject in schools [and Kula Kalvi Thittam in 1953].
7. After the resignation of Congress Ministry in 1939 the then, Governor of Madras Lord Erskine in Feb 1940 who took over the reigns of administration removed Hindi as compulsory subject.

Question 2.
Throw light on the Madras Native Association or MNA. When did it cease to exist?
Answer:
(i) The Madras Native Association was the earliest organization to be founded in South India.
It was started by Gazulu Lakshminarasu, Srinivasanar and their associates in 1852. It con¬sisted primarily of merchants.

(ii) The objective of MNA was to promote the interests of its members and their focus was on reduction in taxation. It also protested against the support of the government to Christian missionary activities.

(iii) It drew attention of the government to the condition and needs of the people. Its main contribution was its agitation against torture of the peasants by revenue officials.

(iv) The efforts of MNA led to the establishment of the Torture Commission and the eventual abolition of the Torture Act, which justified the forcible collection of land revenue through tortuous methods.

(v) The Madras Native Association ceased to exist by 1862.

Question 3.
Reason out why James Neill statue was moved to Madras Museum.
Answer:

1. James Neill of the Madras Fusilers (Infantry men with fire arms) was brutal in wrecking vengence at Kanpur. Women and children were massacred in 1857 Revolt.
2. A statue was erected for him at mount road, Madras.
3. Nationalist felt this as an insult to Indian sentiments.
4. They organised a series of demonstrations in Madras.
5. Protesters came from all over the Madras Presidency and were led by S.N.Somayajulu of Tirunelveli.
6. Many were arrested and sentenced to prison.
7. Gandhi who visited Madras during the same time gave his support to the agitation.
8. The statue was finally moved to Madras Museum when Congress Ministry, led by C.Rajaji formed the Government in 1917.

IMPORTANT EVENTS AND YEAR

Years	Events
1806	Vellore Mutiny
1852	Madras Native Association
1884	Madras Mahajana Sabha
1905	Partition of Bengal
1907	The congress session held at Surat
1908	Swaraj Day
1910	Abhinava Bharats Sangham
1911	Vanchinathan shot Ashe
1916	Home Rule League
1912	Madras Dravidian Association
1919	Gandhi addressed on Marina beach
1930	Vedaranyam march

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Geometry Ex 4.4

Question 1.
The length of the tangent to a circle from a point P, which is 25 cm away from the centre is 24 cm. What is the radius of the circle?
Solution:
24² + r² = 25²
576 + r² = 625
r² = 625 – 576
= 49

Question 2.
∆LMN is a right angled triangle with ∠L = 90°. A circle is inscribed in it. The lengths of the sides containing the right angle are 6 cm and 8 cm. Find the radius of the circle.
Solution:
∆LMN,
By Pythagoras theorem,

Question 3.
A circle is inscribed in ∆ABC having sides 8 cm, 10 cm and 12 cm as shown in figure, Find AD, BE and CF.

Solution:
We know that the tangents drawn from are external point to a circle are equal.
Therefore AD = AF = x say.
BD = BE = y say and
CE = CF = z say
Now, AB = 12 cm, BC = 8 cm, and CA= 10 cm.
x + y = 12, y + z = 8 and z + x = 10
(x + y) + (y + z) + (z + x) = 12 + 8 + 10
2(x + y + z) = 30
x + y + z = 15
Now, x + y = 12 and x + y + z = 15
12 + z = 15 ⇒ z = 3
y + z = 8 and x + y + z = 15
x + 8 = 15 ⇒ x = 7
and z + x = 10 and x + y + z = 15
10 + y = 15 ⇒ y = 5
Hence, AD = x = 7 cm, BE = y = 5 cm
and CF = z = 3 cm.

Question 4.
PQ is a tangent drawn from a point P to a circle with centre O and QOR is a diameter of the circle such that ∠POR = 120° . Find ∠OPQ.
Solution:
∠POR + ∠POQ = 180° (straight angle = 180°)
∴ 120 +∠POQ = 180°
∠POQ = 60°
∠OQP = 90° (∵ radius is ⊥^r to the tangent at the point of contact)

∴ ∠POQ + ∠PQO + ∠OPQ = 180° (∵ sum of the 3 angles of a triangle is 180°)
∴ 60 + 90 + ∠OPQ = 80°
∠OPQ = 180° – 150° = 30°

Question 5.
A tangent ST to a circle touches it at B. AB is a chord such that ∠ABT = 65°. Find ∠AOB , where “O” is the centre of the circle.
Solution:
In the figure,
∠OBT = 90° (∵OB-radius, BT – Tangent)
= 115°
∴ ∠OBA = 90° – 65°
∠OAB = 25° (OA = OB)
∴ ∠AOB = 180° – 50°
= 130°

Question 6.
In figure, O is the centre of the circle with radius 5 cm. T is a point such that OT = 13 cm and OT intersects the circle E, if AB is the tangent to the circle at E, find the length of AB.

Solution:
In ∆OPT, OP = r = 5 cm
OT = 13 cm
PT = 12 cm
In ∆OPA, OA² = OP² + AP² ………….. (1)
In ∆OAE, OA² = OE² + AE² …………. (2)
Equating (1) and (2),
OP² + AP² = OE² + AE² (∵ OP = OE = r)
∴ AP = AE
Parallel BQ = EB
In ∆AET, AT² = AE² + ET²
∴ ET² = AT² – AE² = (AT + AE) (AT – AE)
∴ ET² = (AT + AP) (AT – AE) (∵ AE = AP)
∴ 8 × 8 = 12 × (AT – AE)

Question 7.
In two concentric circles, a chord of length 16 cm of larger circle becomes a tangent to the smaller circle whose radius is 6 cm. Find the radius of the larger circle.
Solution:
AB = 16 cm given
CA = CB(∵ OC ⊥^r AB)

OB² = OC² + BC²
= 6² + 8²
= 36 + 64 = 100
OB = Radius of the larger circle = \(\sqrt{100}\) = 10 cm.

Question 8.
Two circles with centres O and O’ of radii 3 cm and 4 cm respectively intersect at two points P and Q, such that OP and O’P are tangents to the two circles. Find the length of the common chord PQ.
Solution:
Given: OP = OQ = 4
O’P = O’Q = 3

OO’ is the perpendicular bisector of chord PQ.
Let R be the point of intersection of PQ and OO’.
Assume PR = QR = x and OR = y
In OPO’, OP² + O’P² = (OO’)² ⇒ OO’
= \(\sqrt{4^{2}+3^{2}}\) = 5
OR = y ⇒ OR = 5 – y
In ∆OPR, PR² + OR² = OP² ⇒ x² + y = 4² ……….. (1)
In ∆O’PR, PR² + O’R² = O’P² ⇒ x² + (5 – y)² = 9 ………….(2)
(1) – (2)=> y² – (25 + y² – 10y) = 16 – 9
⇒ y² – 25 – y² + 10y = 7 .
⇒ 10y = 25 + 7 ⇒ 10y =32
⇒ y =3.2
Substituting y = 3.2 in (1), we get x = \(\sqrt{4^{2}-3.2^{2}}\)
x = 2.4
PQ = 2x ⇒ PQ = 4.8 cm

Question 9.
Show that the angle bisectors of a triangle are concurrent.
Solution:

In ∆ABC, let AD, BE are two angle bisectors.
They meet at the point ‘O’
We have to prove that = \(\frac{A C}{C D}=\frac{A O}{O D}\)
Construct CO to meet the interesecting point O from C.

Hence proved.

Question 10.
In ∆ABC , with ∠B = 90° , BC = 6 cm and AB = 8 cm, D is a point on AC such that AD = 2 cm and E is the midpoint of AB. Join D to E and extend it to meet at F. Find BF.
In the figure ∆ABC, ∆EBF are similar triangles.
Solution:
Consider DABC, Then D, E, F are respective points on the sides CA, AB and BC. By constrution D, E, F are collinear.

Question 11.
An artist has created a triangular stained glass window and has one strip of small length left before completing the window. She needs to figure out the length of left out portion based on the lengths of the other sides as shown in the figure.

Solution:
In the figure, let O be the concurrent point of the angle bisectors of the three angles.

Question 12.
Draw a tangent at any point R on the circle of radius 3.4 cm and centre at P ?
Solution:
Radius = 3.4 cm
Centre = P
Tangent at any point R.

Construction:
Steps:
(1) Draw a circle with centre P of radius 3.4 cm.
(2) Take a point R on the circle. Join PR.
(3) Draw ⊥^r line TT¹ to PR. Which passes through R.
(4) TT1 is the required tangent.

Question 13.
Draw a circle of radius 4.5 cm. Take a point on the circle. Draw the tangent at that point using the alternate segment theorem.
Solution:
Construction:
Steps:
(1) With O as the centre, draw a circle of radius 4.5 cm.
(2) Take a point R on the circle. Through R draw any chord PR.
(3) Take a point Q distinct from P and R on the circle, so that P, Q, R are in anti-clockwise direction. Join PQ and QR.
(4) Through R drawn a tangent TT¹ such that ∠TRP = ∠PQR.
(5) TT¹ is the required tangent.

Question 14.
Draw the two tangents from a point which is 10 cm away from the centre of a circle of radius 5 cm. Also, measure the lengths of the tangents.
Solution:
Radius = 5 cm
The distance between the point from the centre is 10 cm.

Construction:
Steps:
(1) With O as centre, draw a circle of radius 5 cm.
(2) Draw a line OP =10 cm.
(3) Draw a perpendicular bisector of OP which cuts OP at M.
(4) With M as centre and MO as radius, draw a circle which cuts previous circle at A and B.
(5) Join AP and BP. AP and BP are the required tangents. Thus length of the tangents are PA and PB = 8.7 cm.
Verification:
In the right triangle ∠POA;

Question 15.
Take a point which is 11 cm away from the centre of a circle of radius 4 cm and draw the two tangents to the circle from that point.
Solution:
Radius = 4 cm
The distance of a point from the center =11 cm.

Construction:
Steps:
(1) With centre O, draw a circle of radius 4 cm.
(2) Draw a line OP = 11 cm.
(3) Draw a ⊥^r bisector of OP, which cuts atM.
(4) With M as centre and MO as radius, draw a circle which cuts previous circle at A and B.
(5) Join AP and BP. AP and BP are the required tangents. Thus length of the tangents are PA = PB = 10.2 cm.
Verification:
In the right triangle

Question 16.
Draw the two tangents from a point which is 5 cm away from the centre of a circle of diameter 6 cm. Also, measure the lengths of the tangents.
Solution:
Diameter = 6 cm
Radius = \(\frac{6}{2}\) = 3 cm.
The distance between the centre and the point is 5 cm.

Construction:
Steps:
(1) With centre O, draw a circle of radius , 3cm.
(2) Draw a line OP = 5 cm.
(3) Draw a bisector of OP, which cuts OP and M.
(4) With M as centre and MO as radius draw a circle which cuts previous circle at A and B.
(5) Join AP and BP. AP and BP are the required tangents. Thus length of the tangents are PA = PB = 4 cm
Verification:
In the right triangle ∆OPA,

Question 17.
Draw a tangent to the circle from the point P having radius 3.6 cm, and centre at O. Point P is at a distance 7.2 cm from the centre.
Radius 3.6 cm.
Solution:
Distance from the centre to the point is 7.2 cm.

Construction:
Steps:
(1) Draw a circle of radius 3.6 cm with centre O.
(2) Draw a line OP = 7.2 cm.
(3) Draw a perpendicular bisector of OP, which cuts OP at M.
(4) With M as centre and MO as radius, draw a circle which cuts previous circle at A and B.
(5) Join AP and BP. AP and BP are the required tangents. Thus length of the tangents are PA = PB = 6.2 cm.
Verification:
In the right triangle.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Picture Composition/Interpretation

You can Download A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 5 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 5 A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist

A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist Textual Questions

A. Answer the following questions in two or three lines.

Question 1.
Why did Francis Bennett wake up with a bad temper?
Answer:
Francis Bennett’s wife had gone to France eight days ago. He was feeling lonely and bored. So he woke up with a bad temper.

Question 2.
What was a mechanized dressing room?
Answer:
The machine in the mechanised dressing room washes a person, shaves him, dresses him, and buttons him from top to toe on the threshold of his office.

Question 3.
How was food served to him?
Answer:
Food was served to him through a network of pneumatic tubes. It was an expensive system with better cooking.

Question 4.
Why was Bennett curious about astronomy?
Answer:
Bennett was curious about astronomy because one of the astronomers had just determined the
elements of the new planet ‘Gandini’. He was delighted to know about the accuracy of it.

Question 5.
Why did he visit Niagara?
Answer:
He visited Niagara to see his accumulator work. Thereafter using the force of cataracts to produce energy, he sold or hired it out to the customers.

Question 6.
How did Bennett travel?
Answer:
Bennett travelled by aero-car which shot across space at a speed of about four hundred miles ‘ an hour. Within half an hour, he reached his works at Niagara.

Question 7.
Give three instances of how mechanization has changed life at home in 2889?
Answer:
At home, through phonotelephote vision and speech are transmitted. In two minutes, without the help of an attendant, the machine gets a person to be ready for his office. Food is served through pneumatic tubes.

Question 8.
How is advertising in this age different from what we have today?
Answer:
The gigantic advertisement signs are reflected on the clouds, so large that they can be seen all over the country. From that gallery, a thousand projectors were unendingly employed in sending to the clouds, on which they were reproduced in colour, these exorbitant advertisements.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
What is the story Jules Verne talks about?
Answer:
Jules Verne talks about the people of the twenty-ninth century who live in fairyland.

Question 2.
Who is the central character and what is his role?
Answer:
The central character is an American Journalist, Francis Bennett who is the Managing Editor of the Earth Herald, the world’s largest newspaper.

Question 3.
What does Jules Verne visualize?
Answer:
Jules Verne visualizes in 1889 the world in 2889, a thousand years later where the world is filled with technological advancements.

Question 4.
What changed the mood of Bennett?
Answer:
The device, Phonotelephote when switched on changed the mood of Bennett since he could speak and see his wife Edith.

Question 5.
What was the latest advancement in Technology which was a boon to Bennett when his wife was in France?
Answer:
The latest advancement was the transmission of vision along with speech. This was indeed a boon since Bennett missed seeing his wife Edith.

Question 6.
How many reporters did Bennett have and what was their job?
Answer:
Bennett had fifteen hundred reporters who passed on to subscribers the news which had come in during the night from the four quarters of the earth.

Question 7.
Were the subscribers able to hear only the news?
Answer:
No, the subscribers besides hearing the news reported directly over telephones also had the sight of these events through commutators.

Question 8.
Who did Francis Bennett question about the recent discoveries in the Stellar world?
Answer:
Cash, one of the ten astronomical reporters was questioned by Bennett about the recent discoveries in the stellar world.

Question 9.
Which news by Cash made Bennett curious about the stellar world?
Answer:
The news about Phototelegrams from Mercury, Venus and Mars stated by Cash made Bennett curious to know more about the stellar world.

Question 10.
What was determined by one of the Earth Herald’s astronomers?
Answer:
One of the Earth Herald’s astronomers had determined Gandini a new planet.

Question 11.
What was determined by one of the Earth Herald’s astronomers?
Answer:
One of Earth Herald’s astronomers had determined Gandini a new planet.

Question 12.
Describe the elements of the new planet, Gandini.
Answer:
The new planet, Gandini is at a distance of 12,841,348,284,623 metres and 7 decimetres. This planet orbits round the sun in 572 years, 194 days, 12 hours, 43 minutes and 9.8 seconds.

Question 13.
What did Bennett do when the clock struck twelve?
Answer:
When the clock struck twelve, Bennett, the director of the Earth Herald left the hall and sat down in a rolling armchair. In a few minutes he reached his dining room half a mile away, at the far end of the office where he had arranged to have lunch at the same time with Edith.

Question 14.
Why did Bennett abandon domestic cooking?
Answer:
Francis Bennett abandoned domestic cooking because he was served with thousand types of dishes through a network of pneumatic tubes by the Society for Supplying Food to the Home. Though it was expensive, cooking was better.

Question 15.
What was the work awaiting Bennett at the waiting room of the Earth Herald?
Answer:
Bennett had to choose among the different proposals the right choice he gave to his petitioners among his daily audience.

Question 16.
What was the second inventor hoping to do?
Answer:
A second inventor, using as a basis some old experiments that dated from the 19th century, had the idea of moving a whole city in a single block. He suggested, as a demonstration, the town of Saaf, situated fifteen miles from the sea into a seaside resort.

B. Identify the character/speaker.

Question 1.
As soon as he woke up, he switched on his phonotelephote.
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 2.
Well, Cash, what have you got?
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 3.
‘Phototelegrams from Mercury, Venus, and Mars, Sir.’
Answer:
Cash

Question 4.
‘Interesting! And Jupiter?’
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 5.
‘Not yet, Mr.Bennett.’
Answer:
Cash

Question 6.
‘No, it’s the inhabitants.’
Answer:
Corley

Question 7.
‘Where are we going, Sir?’
Answer:
Aero-coachman

Question 8.
‘Then, Sir, I shall really have discovered the absolute.’
Answer:
A young man/petitioner

Question 9.
‘Are you saying you’re going to be able to construct a human being?’
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 10.
‘I’m going to start this moment.’
Answer:
Edith

Additional:

Question 1.
Francis … dear Francis!…
Answer:
Edith

Question 2.
Well, Cash, what have you got?
Answer:
Bennett

Question 3.
Phototelegrams from Mercury, Venus and Mars, Sir.
Answer:
Cash

Question 4.
Interesting! And Jupiter?
Answer:
Bennett

Question 5.
Nothing so far!
Answer:
Cash

Question 6.
We cannot understand the signals the Jovian’s make.
Answer:
Cash

Question 7.
Perhaps ours haven’t reached them?
Answer:
Bennett

Question 8.
Aren’t you getting some result from the moon?
Answer:
Bennett

Question 9.
No it’s the inhabitants.
Answer:
Corley

Question 10.
On the face it turns towards us, at any rate.
Answer:
Corley

Question 11.
Who knows whether on the other side…’
Answer:
Corley

Question 12.
‘Well, there’s a very simple method of finding out.’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 13.
To turn the moon round!
Answer:
Bennett

Question 14.
Good! Hurry up and tell the reportage service about it.
Answer:
Bennett

Question 15.
I’m anxious for the news to appear in today’s issue!
Answer:
Bennett

Question 16.
‘I’m going to start this moment.
Answer:
Edith

Question 17.
‘By tube or aero-train?’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 18.
‘By tube’.
Answer:
Edith

Question 19.
‘Then you’ll be here? At eleven fifty-nine this evening.’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 20.
‘Paris time?’
Answer:
Edith

Question 21.
‘No, no! … Centropolis time’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 22.
‘Goodbye then, and above all don’t miss the tube!’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 23.
Then, Sir, I shall really have discovered the absolute’
Answer:
Bennett

Question 24.
When do you expect to get back to Centropolis?
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 25.
Well, Sir, I’m on the point of reducing the three to one.
Answer:
Bennett

Question 26.
He was lunching in solitude.
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 27.
Where are we going, Sir?
Answer:
Aero-coachman

Question 28.
Let’s see. I’ve got time…
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 29.
Take me to my accumulator works at Niagara.
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 30.
It travels at a speed of about 400 miles an hour.
Answer:
Aero Car

Question 31.
Within half an hour, he reached Niagara.
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 32.
Sir, elements were estimated at seventy five, it has now been reduced to three, as no doubt you are aware.
Answer:
The young man with broad brow

Question 33.
And the results of that discovery?
Answer:
The young man with broad brow

Question 34.
Are you saying you’re going to construct a human being?
Answer:
The young man with broad brow

Question 35.
He is one of the subscribers to the Society for Supplying Food to the Home.
Answer:
Francis Bennett

Question 36.
At twelve, he left the hail and sat down In a rolling armchair.
Answer:
The director of the Earth Herald, Mr. Bennett

Question 37.
The table was laid and he took his place at it.
Answer:
The director of the Earth Herald

Question 38.
Within reach of his hand was placed a series of taps.
Answer:
The director of the Earth Herald

Question 39.
They started working out some mechanical means of turning the satellite right round.
Answer:
The scientists of the Bennett factory

Question 40.
Well, this time, you can’t blame optical science!
Answer:
The director of the Earth Herald, Mr. Bennett

Question 41.
He woke in rather a bad temper.
Answer:
Bennett

Question 42.
Eight days ago, she had gone to Champs Elysees.
Answer:
Edith

C. Choose the best answer.

1. Bennette’s wife was in …………………
(i) Germany
(ii) Australia
(iii) France
(iv) Holland
Answer:
(iii) France

2. The data from the stellar world was gathered by …………………
(i) Bennette
(ii) astronomical
(iii) the computer
(iv) telephote
Answer:
(ii) astronomical reporters

3. The food was being delivered through ……………. tubes.
(i) pneumatic
(ii) shallow
(iii) hollow
(iv) virtual
Answer:
(i) pneumatic

4. The wayfarers were carried from one place to another by the.
(i) bullet train
(ii) jet
(iii) moving pavement
(iv) heli-taxi
Answer:
(iii) moving pavement

Additional:

1. A day in 2889 of an American Journalist is written by ……………….
(a) Asha Nehemiah
(b) Matsuo Basho
(c) Jules Verne
Answer:
(c) Jules Verne

2. The story, ‘A Day IN 2889’ speaks about the people of the …………………
(a) twenty-ninth century
(b) twentieth century
(c) twenty-fifth century
Answer:
(a) twenty-ninth century

3. The year is 2889 and the date is ………………….
(a) 12th November
(b) 25th July
(c) 5th October
Answer:
(b) 25th July

4. Bennett is the Managing Editor of the ………………………
(a) Earth Herald, the world’s largest newspaper
(b) Herald Earth, the world’s futuristic story
(c) The Universe
Answer:
(a) Earth Herald, the world’s largest newspaper

5. As soon as Bennett woke up, he switched on his …………………….. .
(a) phonotelephote
(b) telephone
(c) electricity
Answer:
(a) phonotelephote

6. The wires led to the house he owned in the ……………………….. .
(a) Champs – Burtey
(b) Champs – Falcon
(c) Champs-Elysees
Answer:
(c) Champs-Elysees

7. Bennett had …………………. reporters.
(a) 1500
(b) 15000
(c)500
Answer:
(a) 1500

8. In addition to his telephone, each reporter has a series of ………………….. .
(a) commutators
(b) telephones
(c) Jovians
Answer:
(a) commutators

9. Francis Bennett questioned one of the ……………… astronomical reporters.
(a) Fifty
(b) ten
(c) fifteen
Answer:
(b) ten

10. We haven’t been able to understand the signals the ……………… make.
(a) Astronomers
(b) Jovians
(c) Mercurians
Answer:
(b) Jovians

D. Fill in the story map given below.

Additional:

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. In this world of technological advancements newspapers are not printed but ‘spoken’.
b. Francis Bennett is the Managing Editor of the Earth Herald.
c. This story speaks about the people of the twenty-ninth century.
d. Earth Herald is the world’s largest newspaper.
e. The year is 2889, the date 25th July and the place is the office block.
Answers:
c, e, b, d, a
c. This story speaks about the people of the twenty-ninth century.
e. The year is 2889, the date 25th July and the place is the office block.
b. Francis Bennett is the Managing Editor of the Earth Herald.
d. Earth Herald is the world’s largest newspaper.
a. In this world of technological advancements newspapers are not printed but ‘spoken’.

2. a. As soon as he awoke, Francis Bennett switched on his phonotelephote.
b. Eight days ago his wife had been to France and he was feeling a little lonely.
c. Francis Bennett was in a bad temper.
d. The reason was the absence of his wife with him.
e. The wires of his Phonotelephote led to the house he owned in the Champs-Elysees.
Answers:
c, d, b, a, e
c. Francis Bennett was in a bad temper.
d. The reason was the absence of his wife with him.
b. Eight days ago his wife had been to France and he was feeling a little lonely.
a. As soon as he awoke, Francis Bennett switched on his phonotelephote.
e. The wires of his Phonotelephote led to the house he owned in the Champs-Elysees.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (by the electric current /to the house /could also be transmitted/completed by the telephote / As soon as)

(i) ………………… Francis Bennett woke up, he switched on his phonotelephote. The wires led (ii) ……………… he owned in the Champs-Elysees.The telephone, (iii) ……………………., is another of our time’s conquests! Though the transmission of speech (iv) …………………….. was already very old, it was only since yesterday that vision (v) ………………. was possible.
Answers:
(i) As soon as
(ii) to the house
(iii) completed by the telephote
(iv) by the electric current
(v) in the stellar world

2. (a series of taps /of his home in Paris / took his place/in spite of the distance/at the same time)

The table was laid and he (i) …………………. at it. Within reach of his hand was placed (ii) …………….. and before him was the curved surface of a phonotelephote, on which appeared the dining room (iii) …………….. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett had arranged to have lunch (iv) ……………….. nothing could be more pleasant than to be face to face (v) ……………….. to see one another and talk by means of the phonotelephotic apparatus.
Answers:
(i) took his place
(ii) a series of taps
(iii) of his home in Paris
(iv) at the same time
(v) in spite of the distance

C. Match the following appropriately:

1.
Answers:
(i)(c), (ii)(e), (iii)(d), (iv)(a), (v)(b)

2.
Answers:
(i)(b), (ii)(d), (iii)(e), (iv)(c), (v)(a)

D. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. That morning Francis Bennett awoke in rather a bad temper. This was eight days since his wife had been in France and he was feeling a little lonely. As soon as he awoke, Francis Bennett switched on his phonotelephote whose wires led to the house he owned in the Champs-Elysees. The telephone, completed by the telephote, is another of our time’s conquests! Though the transmission of speech by the electric current was already very old, it was only since yesterday that vision could also be transmitted.

A valuable discovery, and Francis Bennett was by no means the only one to bless its inventor when, in spite of the enormous distance between them, he saw his wife appear in the telephotic mirror. ‘Francis … dear FtancisL.’His name, spoken by that sweet voice, gave a happier turn to Francis Bennett’s mood. He quickly jumped out of bed and went into his mechanized dressing room.

(а) Why was Francis Bennett in a bad temper?
Answer:
Francis Bennett was feeling lonely as his wife had been to France eight days ago and so he was in a bad temper.

(b) What did he do as soon as he woke up?
Answer:
As soon as Francis woke up, he switched on the phonotelephote whose wires connected to his house in Champs Elysees where his wife was staying.

(c) What was the valuable discovery made just a day before 25th July?
Answer:
The valuable discovery was the telephotic mirror where Francis could see his wife appear on screen apart from hearing his voice.

(d) What changed the mood of Francis Bennett?
Answer:
When Francis heard his wife’s sweet voice say, ‘Francis…Francis’, his mood changed into a happy feel.

(e) What is considered a Time’s conquest?
Answer:
Telephone completed by telephote, resulting in phonotelephote is a Time’s conquest.

2. His name, spoken by that sweet voice, gave a happier turn to Francis Bennett’s mood. He quickly jumped out of bed and went into his mechanized dressing room.
Two minutes later, without needing the help of a valet, the machine deposited him, washed, shaved, shod, dressed and buttoned from top to toe, on the threshold of his office. The day’s work was going to begin. Francis Bennett went on into the reporters’ room.

His fifteen hundred reporters, placed before an equal number of telephones, were passing on to subscribers the news which had come in during the night from the four quarters of the earth. In addition to his telephone, each reporter has in front of him a series of commutators, which allow him to get into communication with this or that telephotic line. Thus the subscribers have not only the story but the sight of these events.

(a) What did Francis Bennett do when he became happy hearing wife’s sweet voice?
Answer:
As soon as Francis Bennett heard his wife’s voice he quickly jumped out of bed and went into his mechanized dressing room.

(b) What happened two minutes later?
Answer:
Two minutes later, without needing the help of a valet, the machine deposited Francis, washed, shaved, shod, dressed and buttoned him from top to toe, on the threshold of his office.

(c) How many reporters were there in the reporters’ room?
Answer:
There were about fifteen hundred reporters in the reporters’ room.

(d) What were the reporters doing when Francis entered the reporters’ room?
Answer:
The reporters were placed before an equal number of telephones and were passing on to subscribers the news which had come in during the night from the four quarters of the earth.

(e) What was the additional benefit that the subscribers were enjoying in recent times?
Answer:
In addition to a telephone, each reporter had in front of him a series of commutators, which allow him to get into communication with any onetelephotic line. Thus the subscribers had not only the story but the sight of all the events.

A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist by Jules Verne About the Author:

Jules Verne was bom in the city of Nantes, France on February 8th, 1828. His father was a lawyer, and at the beginning, Veme wanted to study law as well. When he was nineteen, – he started writing long pieces of literature, but his father wanted him to earn money as a lawyer, not as a writer. He decided to give up being a lawyer, and become a full-time professional writer instead. Veme married Aimee du Fraysse de Viane in January 1857 with his father’s blessing and continued to write until his death. On 24th of March 1905, Veme, who was sick with diabetes, died at his home in Amiens, France.

A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist Summary:

Introduction:
The author explains the life on earth after thousand years and that the daily activities of a normal human will be assisted by machines. For example the author envisions that travelling will be made easy. In this story the office block of the Earth Herald, the world’s largest newspaper, is illustrated during the year 2889.

Francis Bennett and his office One early morning, Francis Bennett woke up bad tempered because his wife Edith had gone to Champs Elysees eight days ago. He switched on his phonotelephote whose wires led to the house he owned in the Champs-Elysees. The telephone, completed by the telephote, was another of their time’s conquests! From yesterday,vision could also be transmitted along with speech. Bennett blessed its inventor as he saw his wife appear in the telephotic mirror. Her voice and face changed his mood.

He went into his mechanized dressing room within two minutes, washed, shaved, shod, dressed and buttoned from top to toe, on the threshold of his office. The day’s work started at the reporters’ room. His fifteen hundred reporters, with their telephones, were speaking the news received from the four quarters of the earth to subscribers. Besides telephone, all reporters have commutators, which allow communication on telephotic line with visual sights.

Bennett questioned one of the ten astronomical reporters Cash about the recent discoveries in the stellar world. Cash replied that it was Phototelegrams from Mercury, Venus and Mars, and nothing from Jupiter since the Jovians signal could not be understood. He added that even results from the Moon wasn’t possible and one can’t blame optical science though moon was six hundred times nearer than Mars. Corley another reporter said it was the inhabitants which was refuted by Bennett who said the simplest way was to turn the moon round and find out.

Bennett’s scientific lab
From then on, the scientists of the Bennett factory started working on turning satellite. One of the Earth Herald’s astronomers had just determined the elements of the new planet Gandini and Bennett was delighted at his accuracy. He wanted the reporters to pass on the news to the subscribers immediately. The broad gallery for such a journal as the Earth Herald brought in an average of three million dollars daily.

Luxury life of Bennett
When the clock struck twelve, the director of the Earth Herald sat in a rolling armchair and reached his dining room half a mile away. The table was laid before him and in front of him was the phonotelephote. The couple had arranged to have lunch at the same time, see and talk by phonotelephote. Francis Bennett was one of the subscribers to the expensive, Society for Supplying Food to the Home with thousand varieties through pneumatic tubes. He was finishing his coffee in solitude when Mrs. Bennett appeared in the telephote screen after work.

He then sped past to his accumulator works at Niagara by the aero-car at a speed of about four hundred miles an hour. Below him were the towns with moving pavements which carry the wayfarers along the streets. He returned, by way of Philadelphia, Boston and New York, to Centropolis, where his aero-car put him down about five o’clock. The waiting- room of the Earth Herald was crowded awaiting Bennett to return.

New Researches of Bennet
He chose carefully among the different proposals. The best was a young man whose broad brow indicated intelligence. He told Bennett about the elements estimated at seventy five now reduced to three to which Bennett told him that it would reduce to one in three weeks if he had money. He knew for sure that he would have discovered absolute, and the resultant, a human-being without a soul was confirmed by Bennett. The young fellow was assigned to the scientific editorial department of Bennett’s journal.

A second inventor, had the idea of moving a whole city in a single block. As a demonstration, the town of Saaf, situated fifteen miles from the sea would be transformed into a seaside resort. Francis Bennett, attracted by this project, agreed to take a half-share in it. Francis Bennett sat in an easy-chair in the audition-room to hear the proposal. Pressing a button, he communicated with the Central Concert. Re was charmed on a series of delicious harmonico-algebraic formulae.

Time for family
During his meal, phonotelephotic communication was tuned to speak to Edith. Edith told him that she was leaving to Centropolis the very moment by tube. He confirmed her arrival at Centropolis at 11:59 p.m. according to Centropolis time. These submarine tubes, travels from Paris in two hundred and ninety-five minutes than the aero-trains travelling at six hundred miles an hour. Francis Bennett, felt tired and went for a bath before going to bed. He touched the button and got ready for bath.

Conclusion:
This story brings out the fact that as long as humans aspire and work hard, there will be developments and innovations in this world. Smoke-free vehicles and machines that would instantly do what you desire will come forth. Therefore humans will achieve maximum heights in the field of Science and Technology.

A Day in 2889 of an American Journalist Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

You can Download A Dilemma Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 7 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 7 A Dilemma

A Dilemma Textual Questions

A. Read the given lines carefully and identify the character / speaker:

Question 1.
I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.
Answer:
Uncle Philip

Question 2.
Don’t come back. It won’t hasten things.
Answer:
Uncle Philip

Question 3.
He thought it simply a cruel jest.
Answer:
Tom’s father

Question 4.
He did not desire to do so.
Answer:
Professor Clinch

Question 5.
He would think it over and come back later.
Answer:
The collector

Additional Questions

Uncle Jim:

1. He was a bachelor who cooked his own meals.
2. I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.
3. He hated my mother but I do not know why.
4. He was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
5. I have been living on an annuity into which I put my fortune.
6. Now I repent of my wickedness to you all.
7. You think I am poor and have only my annuity.
8. You will be profitably surprised.
9. I have never parted with my precious stones; they will be yours.
10. You are my sole heir.
11. No doubt you have always had expectations.
12. I desire that you should continue to expect.
13. My jewels are in my safe.
14. There is nothing else left.
15. You will have to pay for my funeral.
16. The rubies are valuable. They are in my safe at the trust company.
17. Be very careful to read a letter which lies on top of it.
18. Don’t come back. It won’t hasten things.
19. He was a skilled workman and very ingenious.
20. Tom, remembered the old man’s oddity and his malice.

The narrator, Silas Weir Mitchell / Tom:

1. I was just thirty-seven when my Uncle Philip died.
2. He never looked forward to any expenditure with more pleasure.
3. I opened the safe and found in it nothing but an iron box.
4. I stood appalled, the key in my hand.
5. Was it true? Was it a lie?
6. I thought of Susan.
7. I saw that marriage was out of the question.
8. I spent all my spare hours at one of the great libraries reading about dynamite.
9. I found in my uncle’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones.
10. He had spent all his savings on the funeral.

The Narrator’s Mom:
1. She told Tom that he need expect nothing from his father’s brother.

Professor Clinch:

1. If your uncle had not lied, there’s nothing that would not ruin the stones.
2. It was a silly tale and altogether incredible.

Dr. Schaff:

1. He believed the old man’s letter.
2. He begged Tom to give up all thought of the matter.

Government officials:
1. They were reasonably desired to collect the succession tax on my uncle’s estate.

The Collector:
1. Tom offered him the key and asked for time to get half a mile away.

B. Based on your understanding of the story, answer the following briefly.

Question 1.
What did the uncle do as soon as he bought a stone?
Answer:
He carried it in his pocket for a month, looked at it now and then and then added to the collection in his safe.

Question 2.
What did the uncle bequeath to the narrator?
Answer:
The Uncle bequeathed an iron safe that contained precious gems and a dynamite that would explode when opened.

Question 3.
What was the condition laid by the uncle to inherit his property?
Answer:
The uncle asked Tom to open the box with relief and trust to increase his expectation and desire. If he doubted and opened the dynamite would explode.

Question 4.
Why do you think Tom happily looked forward to the expenditure for his uncle’s funeral?
Answer:
Tom thought he would become a very rich man after his uncle died when he inherited the box of gems.

Question 5.
Write a few words about the mechanism used in the iron box.
Answer:
The box contained an interesting mechanism. It will act with certainty as one unlocks it, and explode 9 Vi ounces of his improved, super sensitive dynamite. One must open without » doubting to desire a fortune. If they doubt, the person will be blown to atoms.

Question 6.
What was the counsel offered to the narrator?
Answer:
The counsel offered was to quit thinking about the box and its contents.

Question 7.
Why and when was the narrator shocked?
Answer:
The narrator was shocked when he opened the safe and found nothing but an iron box wondering whether it contained gems or it was a lie.

Question 8.
What was the doctor’s warning to Tom?
Answer:
The doctor warned him that he would lose his mind thinking a lot about the rubies.

Question 9.
Why didn’t Tom dare to assign the task of unlocking the box to someone?
Answer:
Tom felt a stranger had no right to be subjected to the trial that he dared not face. So he did not want a stranger to open the box.

Additional:

Question 1.
What was told by Uncle Jim to Tom about his property?
Answer:
Uncle Jim told him that the rubies were valuable and they were kept in the safe at the Trust company. He told Tom that he should read the letter which lies on top of the box before unlocking the box and be sure not to shake the box.

Question 2.
What did Tom find inside the safe?
Answer:
Tom found inside the safe an iron box which was heavy and strong, about ten inches long, eight inches wide and ten inches high, evidently made by Uncle Jim.

Question 3.
What did Tom know about his father’s brother?
Answer:
Tom knew that his uncle was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer. He knew that he was a bachelor who lived alone and cooked his own meals and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

Question 4.
When did the craze for collecting precious stones start for Uncle Jim?
Answer:
From the time Uncle Jim made his first money he had this mania to collect precious stones. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger.

Question 5.
What did Uncle Jim tell Tom when Tom thanked him seated by his death bed?
Answer:
Jim told him that the rubies were valuable. They were in his safe at the trust company. He asked him to be very careful with the box and read a letter which was kept on top of the box and be sure not to shake the box.

C. Answer the questions given below in a paragraph of 150 words.

Question 1.
Describe briefly the contents of the letter written by Tom’s uncle.
Answer:
Tom’s uncle wrote that the box contained a large number of fine pigeon blood rubies and a lot of diamonds, one blue diamond, hundred of pearls, a famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls. Thinking of Susan, he insisted Tom to continue to have expectations and remember his dear uncle.

Instead of leaving the stones to a charity he gave it to Tom. The letter instructed Tom about the mechanism of unlocking it. It would explode 9U ounces of improved, super sensitive dynamite. If he opened it doubtfully it would turn him to atoms. With faith if he opened it carefully, he would nourish hopes and expectations. He asks Tom to be very careful.

Question 2.
Explain the efforts taken by Tom to open the iron box. Did he succeed? Why?
Answer:
Tom went on thinking about it, finding people to advise, ransacked libraries, imagined wild plans like throwing it from a far off place to open it, after the explosion he could get the gems, but was sure he wouldn’t succeed. He thinks very hard in vain for weeks and months. His father dismisses it that it is a dirty joke by his deceptive uncle.

His doctor advises him to stop thinking about the iron box with precious gems, as it would make him mad, he tries to put it in the bank, but withdraws because he is afraid of the burglary. He consults Professor Clinch about his dilemma who dismissed it as an altogether incredible tale. Thus Tom had to leave the box to the Society for the Preservation of Human Vivisection.

Additional:

Question 1.
According to the list kept in the Bible, what can you infer of Uncle Jim’s collection of stones?
Answer:
One fine day when Tom was already groping in fear that the iron box may explode with careless handling by someone, found between the leaves of his uncle’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones with their cost. It was dated two years before his uncle’s death. Many of the stones were well known, and their enormous value was also mentioned. Several of the rubies were described with care and curious histories of them were given in detail.

One was said to be the famous “Sunset ruby,” which had belonged to the Empress-Queen Maria Theresa. One was called the “Blood ruby,” not because of the colour but on account of the murders it had occasioned. The pearls were described with care as an unequaled collection. Concerning two of them, they seemed to have done much evil and some good. One, a black pearl, was mentioned in an old bill of sale which seemed queer.
‘Genius like precious stones is chiefly prized because of its rarity. ’

Question 2.
What did Uncle Jim tell his nephew a week before his death?
Answer:
Tom was just thirty-seven when his Uncle Philip died. A week before that event Jim sent for him and it was the first day Tom had ever seen his uncle. At that time Tom was a poor clerk. When Tom sat down by his bedside, he began, with a malicious grin and told him that he must be thinking about this strange meet. He told him that he would explain why it was strange too. He told him that he had been living on an annuity into which he put his fortune.

In other words, he, has been, as to money, concentric half of his life to enable him to be as eccentric as he pleased the rest of it. He added that now he repented of his wickedness to all of them and desire to live in the memory of at least one of his family. Jim also told Tom that he might think he was poor and had only his annuity but said that he would be surprised to know how profitable he was. He said that he had never parted with his precious stones and that they would be Tom’s after his death since he has accepted him to be his sole heir.

He said that he should carry with him to the other world the satisfaction of making one man happy. Uncle Jim also told Tom that there wasn’t any doubt about his expectations and that he should continue to expect. He told Tom about his jewels in the safe and that he should pay for his funeral.
‘Man is an idea, and a precious small idea once he turns his back.’

Question 3.
What information do you have of Uncle Jim?
Answer:
Uncle Jim was the narrator’s father’s only brother. He hated the narrator’s mother. Tom’s mother too had told him long before Uncle Jim’s last illness that he need not expect anything from his father’s brother. Uncle Jim was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer, and had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. He was a bachelor; lived alone, cooked his own meals, and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

From the time he made his first money he had this mania. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger. He was malicious. He was an odd man who couldn’t be understood. He was extremely clever in mechanic arts. He had a patent for the explosive which helped him to become rich.
‘No one is perfect – absolutely no one.’

D. Fill in the blanks with the right option and write down the summary of the story ‘A dilemma’.

Question 1.
The narrator was sent for, by his uncle when he was ______ . (on his deathbed / on his travels/ in his workplace)
Answer:
on his deathbed

Question 2.
The uncle had collected precious _______. (jewels / stones /articles)
Answer:
stones

Question 3.
His uncle announced Tom as his heir and wanted* him to pay for his _______. (rented house / marriage / funeral)
Answer:
funeral

Question 4.
Leaving an iron box for Tom, his uncle instructed him not to the box. (throw / carry / shake)
Answer:
shake

Question 5.
The letter read that the box contained _______ . (a sensitive dynamite / jewels / money)
Answer:
a sensitive dynamite

Question 6.
He started thinking of all possible ways to open the box without being ______ . (wounded / killed / maimed)
Answer:
killed

Question 7.
He planned to explode the box at ________ but dropped the plan ______in fear of losing the rubies. (home / a safe distance / a waste land)
Answer:
a safe distance

Question 8.
His consultation with did ______ not yield him any fruitful solution. (Uncle Philip / Professor Clinch / Susan)
Answer:
Professor Clinch

Question 9.
He failed in his attempts to open the box. His efforts to read about explosives led to_____(hopes / confusions / suspicions) and he had to change his ______ . (name and occupation /lodgings / appearance)
Answer:
confusions, name and occupation

Question 10.
At last, he bequeathed the box to______ . (his offspring / his friends / the Society)
Answer:
the Society.

Additional:

1. The author was just ………………. when Uncle Philip died.
(a) thirty-one
(b) forty-seven
(c) thirty-seven
Answer:
(c) thirty-seven

2. Uncle Philip hated the author’s …………………. .
(a) mother
(b) father
(c) sister
Answer:
(a) mother

3. ……………… before Uncle Philip’s death, the author got to see him.
(a) two weeks
(b) a week
(c) a month
Answer:
(b) a week

4. Uncle Jim was an inventor, an able and ingenious ……………… engineer.
(a) civil
(b) electrical
(c) mechanical
Answer:
(c) mechanical

5. Uncle Jim had much money by his improvement in …………… .
(a) turbine-wheels
(b) cargo-wheels
(c) construction sites
Answer:
(a) turbine-wheels

6. Jim collected precious stones, especially ………………….. .
(a) pearls and emeralds
(b) rubies and pearls
(c) jades
Answer:
(b) rubies and pearls

7. From the time Jim made his first money he had this ………………….. .
(a) desire
(b) sickness
(c) mania
Answer:
(c) mania

8. When Jim bought a new stone, he carried it in his ……………… for a month.
(a) pocket
(b) wallet
(c) suitcase
Answer:
(a) pocket

9. After a month, Jim added it to the collection in his safe at …………………. .
(a) state treasury
(b) the trust company
(c) the Bank of Lorraine
Answer:
(b) the trust company

10. When the author met Uncle Jim, he was a ………………… .
(a) Banker
(b) Physician
(c) Clerk
Answer:
(c) Clerk

11. When I sat down by his bedside, the author noticed his ……………….. grin.
(a) malicious
(b) benevolent
(c) deathly
Answer:
(a) malicious

12. Did Tom think that his Uncle was poor and had only his for his …………………. living?
(a) pearls and gems
(b) annuity
(c) iron-box
Answer:
(b) annuity

13. As the author rose to leave, Jim said: “The …………………….. are valuable”.
(a) Rubies
(b) Pearls
(c) Emeralds
Answer:
(a) Rubies

14. The box was heavy and strong, about ten inches long; ………………. inches wide and ten inches high.
(a) ten
(b) nine
(c) eight
Answer:
(c) eight

15. The author carried the iron box away, set it down with care in a ………………… .
(a) cupboard
(b) wooden case
(c) closet
Answer:
(c) closet

16. According to the letter, the box contains very fine ……………… .
(a) pigeon-blood rubies and a fair lot of diamonds
(b) blue pearls and rubies
(c) pigeon-blood rubies and a green jade and emerald
Answer:
(a) pigeon-blood rubies and a fair lot of diamonds

17. Any woman would sell her soul-or her affections for ……………….. .
(a) the famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls
(b) the famous antique turquoise shell comb with pearls embedded
(c) the blue coloured large diamond
Answer:
(a) the famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls

18. Worst of all, his …………….. was reduced, and marriage cancelled.
(a) fame
(b) peace
(c) salary
Answer:
(c) salary

19. In despair, the author consulted ………………. .
(a) Professor Clinch
(b) Professor Gems
(c) Physician Schaff
Answer:
(a) Professor Clinch

20. ………………… was the author’s uncle’s doctor.
(a) Dr. Clinch
(b) Dr. Schaff
(c) Dr. Gems
Answer:
(b) Dr. Schaff

21. He spent all his spare hours at one of the greatest libraries reading about …………………. .
(a) rubies
(b) diamonds
(c) dynamite
Answer:
(c) dynamite

22. The library attendants, mistook him to be a dynamite fiend, alerted the ……………… .
(a) crime department
(b) library manager
(c) police
Answer:
(c) police

23. Between the leaves of Jim’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones was kept.
(a) Bible
(b) Quran
(c) Encyclopedia of Dynamites
Answer:
(a) Bible

24. The list in the Bible was dated ……………… before my uncle’s death.
(a) two weeks
(b) two months
(c) two years
Answer:
(c) two years

25. The “…………………..,” belonged to the Empress-Queen Maria Theresa.
(a) Sunset Ruby
(b) Blood Sapphire
(c) Precious Jades
Answer:
(a) Sunset Ruby

Additional:

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger,
b. From the time he made his first money he had this mania.
c. He had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. .
d. He was a bachelor; lived alone, and collected precious stones.
e. Uncle Philip was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
Answers:
e, c, d, b, a
e. Uncle Philip was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
c. He had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels.
d. He was a bachelor; lived alone, and collected precious stones,
b. From the time he made his first money he had this mania.
a. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger.

2. a. Finally, when I thanked him he grinned and wanted me to pay for his funeral.
b. Later, it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.
c. Now and then, he took it out and looked at it.
d. When Uncle Philip bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month.
e. When Uncle Philip sent for Tom, he was a clerk, and poor enough.
Answers:
d, c, b, e, a
d. When Uncle Philip bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month,
c. Now and then, he took it out and looked at it.
b. Later, it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.
e. When Uncle Philip sent for Tom, he was a clerk, and poor enough.
a. Finally, when I thanked him he grinned and wanted me to pay for his funeral.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (heavy and strong/ ten inches high/was found/ but an iron box/ was handsomely buried)

Uncle Philip died that day next week, and (i) …………………. The day after, his will (ii) ……………….., leaving me his heir. I opened his safe and found in it nothing (iii) ………………., evidently of his own making, for he was a skilled workman and very ingenious. The box was (iv) ………………………. about ten inches long, eight inches wide and (v) ……………………. .
Answers:
(i) was handsomely buried
(ii) was found
(iii) but an iron box
(iv) heavy and strong
(v) ten inches high

2. (in the house with that box / to withdraw it/ In my despair / in a safe / by the dozen)

(i) …………….. I advertised in the Journal of Science, and have had absurd schemes sent me (ii) ……………………. At last, as I talked too much about it, the thing became so well known that when I put the horror (iii) ……………………, in a bank, I was promptly desired (iv) …………………. I was in constant fear of burglars, and my landlady gave me notice to leave, because no one would stay (v) ……………… .
Answers:
(i) In my despair
(ii) by the dozen
(iii) in a safe
(iv) to withdraw it
(v) in the house with that box

C. Match the following appropriately:

1.
Answers:
(i)(c), (ii)(d), (iii)(e), (iv)(a), (v)(b).

2.
Answers:
(i)(c), (ii)(d), (iii)(b), (iv)(e), (v)(a).

D. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. I was just thirty-seven when my Uncle Philip died. A week before that event he sent for me; and here let me say that I had never set eyes on him. He hated my mother, but I do not know why. She told me long before his last illness that I need expect nothing from my father’s brother. He was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer, and had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. He was a bachelor; lived alone, cooked his own meals, and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

From the time he made his first money he had this mania. As he grewricher, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger. When he bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month and now and then took it out and looked at it. Then it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.

(a) How old was Uncle Philip’s nephew when he died?
Answer:
Uncle Philip’s nephew was thirty-seven years old when Philip died.

(b) How was the narrator related to Philip?
Answer:
The narrator was Philip’s nephew as Philip was his father’s brother.

(c) What was Philip doing and how did his earnings improve?
Answer:
Philip was an inventor and an ingenious mechanical engineer. His earnings improved in turbine-wheels.

(d) What did Philip do when he bought a new stone?
Answer:
For a month, Philip carried his new stone that he had purchased in his pocket and looked at it now and then. Later he would add it to his collections in his safe at the trust company.

(e) What was Philip’s mania?
Answer:
Philip’s mania was to collect precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

2. At the time he sent for me I was a clerk, and poor enough. Remembering my mother’s words, his message gave me, his sole relative, no new hopes; but I thought it best to go. When I sat down by his bedside, he began, with a malicious grin: “I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.” What he said was certainly queer enough. “I have been living on an annuity into which I put my fortune. In other words, I have been, as to money, concentric half of my life to enable me to be as eccentric as I pleased the rest of it.

Now I repent of my wickedness to you all, and desire to live in the memory of at least one of my family. You think I am poor and have only my annuity. You will be profitably surprised. I have never parted with my precious stones; they will be yours. You are my sole heir. I shall carry with me to the other world the satisfaction of making one man happy. “No doubt you have always had expectations, and I . desire that you should continue to expect. My jewels are in my safe. There is nothing else left”. When I thanked him he grinned all over his lean face, and said: “You will have to pay for my funeral.”

(a) What did Tom recall when Uncle Philip had sent for him?
Answer:
When Uncle Philip had sent for Tom, he recalled his mother’s words that he should not expect anything from his uncle, though he was the sole relative.

(b) What was Tom working as when Uncle Philip called for him?
Answer:
Tom was a poor clerk when Uncle Philip called for him.

(c) What was the repentance that Uncle Philip said he had in his heart?
Answer:
Uncle Philip said that he repented for his wickedness to his family members.

(d) How was Uncle Philip‘s desire?
Answer:
Uncle Philip’s desire was to live in the memory of at least one of his family members.

(e) flow did Uncle Philip want to compensate for his wickedness?
Answer:
Uncle Philip wanted to compensate his wickedness by making one man happy as he wanted to give all his precious stones to him, who was his sole heir.

A Dilemma by Silas Weir Mitchell About the Author:

Silas Weir Mitchell was born on February 15, 1829, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to John Kearsley Mitchell and Sarah Henry Mitchell. A prominent Philadelphia physician and graduate of Jefferson Medical College, Silas Weir Mitchell, M.D., developed the rest cure for neurasthenia in the 1870’s. In 1866, he published a short story in the Atlantic Monthly resting upon both somatic and psychological insights entitled “The Case of George Dedlow”. He wrote juvenile stories and prose fiction of varying merit which earned him a leading place among American authors at the close of the 19th century. He died on January 4, 1914 in Philadelphia and is interred at The Woodlands Cemetery.

A Dilemma Summary:

Introduction:
A Dilemma written by Silas Weir Mitchell is an interesting short story of mystery. In this story the character receives from his uncle a box that contains a large number of valuables. However this box will explode to pieces when unlocked. So saying he dies.

Tom is confused:
The narrator is informed of this by a letter which was left by his uncle on his bedside, shortly before his passing. He also informs all this to his only heir Tom on condition that he will agree to do a decent funeral for him.

Confusion Intensifies:
The conflict of the story is entirely internal and results in a huge dilemma of anxiety and self-doubt as the protagonist Tom who is the sole heir to Uncle Philip decides and contemplates whether to attempt to open the box or not. In addition, he fears that someone else may try to open the box with the key and be blown to shreds. He confronts a doctor about his dilemma and eventually moves away to a new place, changes his name, and hides the box.

Tom’s dilemma:
It’s incredibly fascinating to see how a small box and curiosity can drive a human being to so much trouble of anxiety and reluctance. We too are challenged with this thought as he tries to open the box. When,Tom sat down, as yet hopeful, and began to exert his ingenuity upon ways of opening the box without being killed, he is in a dilemma and is anxious of the pros and cons wanting to know the way to open the box unhurt.
He again gains anxiety and hence the doctor warns him that he was in danger of losing his mind is a pure representation of human curiosity and how it can drive us to anxiety and mental instability.

Conclusion:
We conclude from this story that a man craves for riches and keeps running after it. He bothers least to face any difficulties and pain to live a rich and luxurious life. So one must understand that one will certainly attain the prize for which he undergoes hardships and does hard work.

A Dilemma Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

You can Download The Little Hero of Holland Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 6 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland

The Little Hero of Holland Textual Questions

A. Based on the understanding of the story, complete the Graphic Organiser suitably.

B. Based on the understanding of the story answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
What are the little children of Holland, aware of?
Answer:
The little children of Holland were aware that the dikes must be watched every moment, and that a small hole can be very dangerous.

Question 2.
What was the work assigned to Peter’s father?
Answer:
The work assigned to Peter’s father was tending the sluice. Opening and closing the gates when ships entered the sea from Holland.

Question 3.
Why did Peter’s mother call him?
Answer:
Peter’s mother called him to go and give the cakes to his blind friend.

Question 4.
How did Peter spend his time with his blind friend?
Answer:
Peter stayed with the poor blind man a little while to tell him about his walk along the dike and about the sun and the flowers and the ships far out at sea.

Question 5.
Why did the father always say ‘angry waters’?
Answer:
The father always said angry waters because the seawater lashed on the dikes always.

Question 6.
What did Peter see when he stopped near the dikes?
Answer:
When Peter stopped near the dikes he noticed that there was a sound of trickling water and saw a small hole in the dike, through which a tiny stream was flowing.

Question 7.
What were the thoughts of the mother when Peter didn’t return home?
Answer:
Peter’s mother thought that he was spending that night with his friend and that she would scold him the next morning to staying away from home without permission.

Question 8.
How did Peter spend his night at the dikes?
Answer:
Holding his finger in the hole on the dike Peter crouched on a stone, bending his head. He closed his eyes but did not sleep. He rubbed his hand and thought he would manage to stay throughout the night, though no one came to his rescue until morning.

Question 9.
Who found Peter in the dikes and what did he do?
Answer:
A man who went for his work heard Peter moaning and found him clinging to the side of the great wall.

Question 10.
How did the villagers mend the hole?
Answer:
The villagers brought shovels and mended the hole after hearing the alarm.

Additional Questions 

Question 1.
How did Peter try to get the attention of someone to come to his aid?
Answer:
Peter shouted and screamed for help from someone. He later called for his mother. Peter tried to whistle but his teeth chattered with the cold.

Question 2.
Who were the reasons for him to hold on in spite of his hand grow numb with cold?
Answer:
Peter thought of his mother, father, his brother and sister who would be fast asleep and didn’t want them to be drowned in sleep. They were the reasons for him to hold on.

Question 3.
What did Peter tell the man?
Answer:
Peter told the man that he was keeping the water back and asked him to bring people soon for mending the hole.

Question 4.
What did he do while returning back from meeting his blind friend?
Answer:
While returning back, he admired the pretty field and stopped to pick the pretty blue flowers that grew beside the road. He also stopped and listened to the rabbits soft tread as they rustled through the grass. Often, he smiled thinking about his chat with his blind friend.

Question 5.
What did Peter do when he saw a hole in the dike?
Answer:
When Peter saw a hole in the dike, he immediately, threw away his flowers and he climbed down the side of the dike and thrust his finger into the tiny hole.

C. Based on your understanding of the story answer the following question in about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
Narrate in your own words the circumstances that led Peter to be a brave little hero.
Answer:
One day Peter’s mother asked him to give cakes to his blind friend. He crossed the dikes that 1 guarded Holland against the great sea. After he spent some time with his friend, he decided to leave early to his house. On his way, he noticed that he heard a noise of a stream through a hole in the dike. He felt the danger behind the hole. He wanted to save Holland. So he used his finger to close the hole and the water stopped leaking.

He stayed outside in the cold night without sleeping. His mother thought he was spending his night with his friend and would scold him when he returned in the morning. But Peter suffered a lot in the biting cold weather. He shouted for help, no one heard.

Next morning a passer-by, who was going to work, heard his groan and found Peter clinging to the side of the dike. He immediately tried to save him and spread the alarm in the village about the hole in the dike. The villagers came running with shovels and mended the dike. Thus Peter became a great hero who saved Holland from the great sea.

D. Identify the character / Speaker:

1. “I want you to go across the dike and take these cakes to your friend,the blind man.”
Answer:
Peter’s mother

2. “I am glad there are so strong.”
Answer:
Peter

3. “Holland shall not be drowned while I am here.”
Answer:
Peter

4. “What’s the matter?” he called. “Are you hurt?”
Answer:
A man going to work /The passer-by

5. “Tell them to come quickly.”
Answer:
Peter

Additional:

Question 1.
He tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 2.
Come, Peter,I want you to go across the dike.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 3.
He thought of his father’s gates.
Answer:
Peter

Question 4.
He opened and closed the sluices.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 5.
Take these cakes to your friend, the blind man.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 6.
The little boy was glad to go on such an errand.
Answer:
Peter

Question 7.
Peter told him about his walk.
Answer:
The blind friend

Question 8.
If you go quickly, you will be home again before dark.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 9.
He noticed how the rains had swollen the waters.
Answer:
Peter

Question 10.
These pretty fields would be covered with water.
Answer:
Peter

Question 11.
He always calls them the ‘angry waters.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 12.
Mother will be watching for me.
Answer:
Peter

Question 13.
They were frightened at the thought of a leak in the dike.
Answer:
Any child in Holland

Question 14.
He understood the danger at once.
Answer:
Peter

Question 15.
The angry waters must stay back now.
Answer:
Peter

Question 16.
I can keep them back with my finger.
Answer:
Peter

Question 17.
Come here; come here!’
Answer:
Peter

Question 18.
Will no one come? Mother! Mother!
Answer:
Peter

Question 19.
I must not let them be drowned.
Answer:
Peter

Question 20.
I’ll stand it somehow, he thought.
Answer:
Peter

Question 21.
So he stayed there all night keeping the sea out.
Answer:
Peter

Question 22.
If they gave way what would become of us?
Answer:
Peter

Question 23.
What’s the matter?
Answer:
The man going to work

Question 24.
I’m keeping the water back!
Answer:
Peter

Question 25.
They came running with shovels.
Answer:
The people of Holland

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes.
b. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter.
c. In Holland, dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land.
d. He opened and closed the sluices for ships to pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.
e. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment.
Answers:
c, e, b, a ,d
c. In Holland, dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land, e. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment.
b. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter.
a. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes.
d. He opened and closed the sluices for ships to pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

2. a. The little boy was glad and started off with a light heart.
b. She wanted him to go across the dike and take cakes to his blind friend.
c. One afternoon, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play.
d. His mother wanted him to return before dark and hence bid his friend goodbye.
e. After sometime, when he was speaking with his friend, he remembered his mother’s wish.
Answers:
c, b, a, e ,d
c. One afternoon, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play, b. She wanted him to go across the dike and take cakes to his blind friend.
a. The little boy was glad and started off with a light heart.
e. After some time, when he was speaking with his friend, he remembered his mother’s wish.
d. His mother wanted him to return before dark and hence bid his friend goodbye.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (who had so few pleasures / As he walked along / of trickling water / Suddenly/ a noise)

(i) ………………. he sometimes stopped to pick the pretty blue flowers that grew beside the road. But often, he smiled as he thought of his visit to the poor blind man (ii) ……………………… and was always so glad to see him. (iii) ……………….. he noticed that the sun was setting and that it was growing dark. Just then he heard (iv) …………………. It was the sound (v) ………………………….. ! He stopped and looked down.
Answers:
(i) As he walked along
(ii) who had so few pleasures
(iii) Suddenly
(iv) a noise
(v) of trickling water

2. (In a moment / at once / in the dike / make a larger one / at the thought of a leak)

There was a small hole (i) ……………………, through which a tiny stream was flowing. Any child in Holland is frightened (ii) ………………………… in the dike. Peter understood the danger (iii) ………………… If the water ran through a little hole it would soon (iv) ………………………, and the whole country would be flooded, (v) ……………………… he saw what he must do.
Answers:
(i) in the dike
(ii) at the thought of a leak
(iii) at once
(iv) make a larger one
(v) In a moment

C. Choose the Correct answer.

1. Holland is a country where much of the land lies ……………. sea level.
(a) above
(b) below
(c) near
(d) under
Answer:
(b) below

2. The dikes kept the ………………. from rushing in and flooding the land.
(a) South Sea
(b) East Sea
(c) West Sea
(d) North Sea
Answer:
(d) North Sea

3. Peter’s ……………….. tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices.
(a) friend
(b) brother
(c) father
(d) uncle
Answer:
(c) father

4. One afternoon in the early ……………………, Peter’s mother called him from his play.
(a) summer
(b) autumn
(c) winter
(d) spring
Answer:
(b) autumn

5. Peter told the blind friend about the ………………….. far out at sea.
(a) sun, flowers and the ships
(b) sun and the ships
(c) flowers and the ships
(d) pretty blue flowers and the ships
Answer:
(a) sun, flowers and the ships

6. Father always calls them the …………………. .
(a) angry waters
(b) back waters
(c) swollen waters
(d) saving waters
Answer:
(a) angry waters

7. He listened to the rabbits’soft tread as they ………………. through the grass.
(a) walked
(b) braved
(c) contoured
(d) rustled
Answer:
(d) rustled

8. He heard the sound of ………………… water!
(a) tingling
(b) tickling
(c) trickling
(d) gushing
Answer:
(c) trickling

9. …………………. shall not be drowned while I am here.
(a) My parents
(b) Holland
(c) My siblings
(d) Harvard
Answer:
(b) Holland

10. The ……………….. looked down on the child crouching on a stone.
(a) dikes
(b) angry waters
(c) passer-by
(d) moon and stars
Answer:
(d) moon and stars

D. Match the following appropriately:

1.
Answer:
(i)(d), (ii)(e), (iii)(b), (iv)(c), (v)(a).

2.
Answer:
(i)(e), (ii)(c), (iii)(d), (iv)(a), (v)(b).

E. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Holland is a country where much of the land lies below sea level. Only great walls called dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land. For centuries the people of Holland have worked to keep the walls strong so that their country will be safe and dry. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment, and that a hole no longer than your finger can be a very dangerous thing. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

(a) What keeps the North Sea from flooding Holland?
Answer:
The great walls called dikes keep the North Sea from flooding Holland.

(b) Why is there more chances for Holland to be flooded?
Answer:
There are more chances for Holland to be flooded since much of the land lies below sea level.

(c) What is the precaution taken by the people of Holland to save the country?
Answer:
The people of Holland continuously work to keep the walls strong so that Holland will be safe and dry.

(d) What is the knowledge that the children of Holland have?
Answer:
The children of Holland know that the dikes must be watched every moment and that a hole no longer than a finger can be very dangerous.

(e) Who tended the gates in the dikes? What are they called?
Answer:
The gates of the dikes called Sluices were tended by Peter’s father.

2. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea. One afternoon in the early fall, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play. “Come, Peter,” she said. “I want you to go across the dike and take these cakes to your friend, the blind man.

If you go quickly, and do not stop to play, you will be home again before dark.” The little boy was glad to go on such an errand, and started off with a light heart. He stayed with the poor blind man a little while to tell him about his walk along the dike and about the sun and the flowers and the ships far out at sea. Then he remembered his mother’s wish that he should return before dark and, bidding his friend goodbye, he set out for home.

(a) What was the work done by Peter’s father?
Answer:
Peter’s father tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

(b) How old is Peter and who is his friend?
Answer:
Peter is eight years old and his friend is a visually challenged person.

(c) What was the job given to Peter by his mother?
Answer:
Peter’s mother wanted him to take cakes across the dikes to his blind friend that she had made.

(d) How did Peter spend his time with his blind friend?
Answer:
Peter stayed with his blind friend and told him about his walk across the dikes. He described to his blind friend about the sun, the flowers and
the ships which were far out in the sea.

(e) What did Peter remember while talking with his friend?
Answer:
While talking with his friend, Peter remembered his mother’s wish that he should return home before dark.

The Little Hero of Holland by Mary Elizabeth Mapes About the Author:

Mary Elizabeth Mapes was born in 1831 to Prof. James Jay Mapes and Sophia Furman in New York City. She acquired a good education under private tutors. In 1851 she married the lawyer William Dodge. Within the next four years she gave birth to two1 sons, James and Harrington. In 1859 Mary Mapes, a widow then, began writing and editing, working with her father to publish two magazines, the Working Farmer and the United States Journal. Within a few years she had great success with a collection of short stories, The Irvington Stories (1864), and a novel was solicited. Dodge then wrote & Hans Brinker, or the Silver Skates, which became an instant bestseller. Dodge died at her summer cottage in Tannersville, New York, in 1905 and is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery.

The Little Hero of Holland Summary:

Introduction:
The author narrates a true story of a young boy who with a passionate love for his village saved it. This made him famous and he is remembered to this day in Holland.

Peter’s friend
Peter is a little boy who lived in Holland. His father took care of the dikes called sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the sea. On a beautiful day in Autumn this boy, Peter who was eight years old, was asked to go and give cakes to his blind friend who lived on the other side of the dike by his mother. After about an hour when he was returning home, the climate had changed; it was raining and the water in the channel was rising.

Peter’s courage
All of a sudden he heard the sound of dribbling water and he wondered from where the sound came. Then he saw a very small hole in the dike! Now every child in Holland knew what that meant! Due to the pressure of the water the hole would not stay the same for long and that meant flood! He knew what to do. He c1imbed onto the dike and put his finger in the hole. Now he hoped for someone to come to his help and cried out aloud. His mother mistook him to have stayed back with his blind friend and retired to bed. The boy was sure that he had to stay awake the entire night and keep his finger in the hole to arrest the water from flooding Holland. The water in the canal was rising and if he would remove his finger from the hole in the sluice, the water would gush through and make the hole bigger and bigger. The town would obviously flood.

People praise Peter for his bravery
When dawn broke, a man going to work heard the sound of Peter groaning. He wondered what the little boy was up to and was shocked at his reply. He understood the danger and called for help. People came in with shovel and mended the hole. Peter was carried home and they all hailed him as the brave boy who saved Holland from drowning.

Conclusion:
So we understand that no one should forsake the duty towards their nation when one comes to know that it is in danger. One must not hesitate to take a bold decision to save one’s country.

The Little Hero of Holland Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

You can Download The Aged Mother Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 4 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 4 The Aged Mother

The Aged Mother Textual Questions

A. Rearrange the sentences given below in the correct sequence.

1. The son made up his mind to take back his mother home.
2. A farmer decided to leave his old mother on top of a mountain.
3. The governor realized his mistake and abolished the law.
4. Once in Shining, a cruel ruler declared that all old people must be put to death.
5. Using the clever idea of his mother, the farmer made a rope of ashes.
6. When the farmer bade farewell, she advised him to return home with the aid of twigs.
7. Filled with dread, he hid his mother in his home.
8. The mother dropped the small twigs as markers on the way to help her son return.
Answer:
4, 2, 8, 6, 1, 7,  5, 3
4. Once in Shining, a cruel ruler declared that all old people must be put to death.
2. A farmer decided to leave his old mother on top of a mountain.
8. The mother dropped the small twigs as markers on the way to help her son return.
6. When the farmer bade farewell, she advised him to return home with the aid of twigs.
1. The son made up his mind to take back his mother home.
7. Filled with dread, he hid his mother in his home.
5. Using the clever idea of his mother, the farmer made a rope of ashes.
3. The governor realized his mistake and abolished the law.

B. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
What was the cruel announcement made by the leader?
Answer:
The cruel announcement was to put all the aged people to death.

Question 2.
Why was the farmer filled with sorrow?
Answer:
The farmer was filled with sorrow because he loved his mother very much. So he did not want her to die.

Question 3.
What were the things carried by the farmer to the summit of the mountain?
Answer:
He took a quantity of cooked and dried unwhitened rice. He also took a gourd filled with cool sweet water.

Question 4.
Why did the mother become anxious as they climbed up the mountain?
Answer:
The mother became anxious as they climbed up the mountain because her son did not know the mountains many paths and his return might be one of the dangers.

Question 5.
What did the mother drop along the way?
Answer:
The mother dropped a pile of twigs along the way.

Question 6.
What was the advice given by his mother for the safe return of her son?
Answer:
She advised her son to look carefully and follow the path which holds the piles of twigs. It will guide him to the familiar path farther down.

Question 7.
Why did the farmer’s burden seem to be light on his way back home?
Answer:
The farmer was happy to take his mother back home. So his burden seemed to be light on his way back.

Question 8.
Where did the farmer hide his mother?
Answer:
The farmer hid his mother in a walled closet beneath the kitchen floor.

Question 9.
How did the farmer make the rope of ashes? On whose suggestion did he do it?
Answer:
The farmer made a rope of ashes on the clever idea of his mother. He made a rope of twisted straw and burnt it on a windless night.

Question 10.
How did the Governor realize his mistake?
Answer:
The Governor was pleased at the wit of the youth. So he demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom. The farmer related the true story to him. He listened and meditated in silence. He realized his mistake and abolished his cruel law.

C. Answer each of the following in a paragraph of 120 to 150 words.

Question 1.
Narrate the circumstances that led to the abandoning of the aged in Shining.
Answer:
Introduction:
The story “The Aged Mother” was written by Matsuo Basho. This story tells about the love and affection of a son and his mother.

Cruel Decision:
Shining was ruled by a cruel leader. The entire province was given strict order to kill all aged people in the country. The custom of abandoning old people to die was not uncommon.

Farmer’s Idea:
The poor farmer loved his mother. The order filled his heart with sorrow. He thought twice about it. So, he wanted his mother to be in the high bare summit of Obatsuyama the mountain of the “abandoning aged”.

Wise old mother:
The farmer left his mother in the summit. The mother picked up some pine twigs and left it over the way for her son’s safe return. The cruel leader asked the farmer to prepare a rope of ashes to dismiss the order. The old mother gave an idea, with that the farmer produced a rope of ashes.

Conclusion:
This shows that old people are wise and experienced. Thus, the emperor realised his mistake and abolished the cruel law.

Question 2.
Describe the farmer’s painful journey up the mountain.
Answer:
Just at sunset, the farmer took a quantity of unwhitened rice. He cooked and dried it. He tied it in a square cloth, which he swung in a bundle around his neck along with a gourd filled with cool, sweet water. He lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain. The road was long and steep. The narrow road was crossed and recrossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters.

In someplace, he lost the path and was confused. But he gave no heed to it. He blindly went upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama. His mother was anxious, as her son did not know the mountains many paths. His return might be one of the dangers.

So she dropped piles of twigs on their path up to the summit of the mountain. Weary and heartsick, the youth gently released his burden and silently prepared a place of comfort as his last duty to the loved one. This was the painful journey of the farmer.

Question 3.
‘The old are wise’. Prove this with reference to the story ‘The Aged Mother’.
Answer:
Introduction:
A cruel leader ruled the province of Shining. He made an announcement that the aged of the province should be put to death. In this paragraph we are going to prove that the old are wise.

The old are wise:
A poor farmer loved his mother. He took his mother to the top of the mountain with difficulties. The paths were narrow and confusing. When, he bid farewell to her, she advised him to follow the path. She had dropped piles of twigs on the path. This could help him find his way fclearly. He brought her mother back and hide her in the wall beside the kitchen floor.

Idea of the mother:
The governor demanded for a rope of ashes. The mother gave him a clever idea to make it. He presented it to the governor. He was amazed. The governor praised the old mother for her wisdom.

Conclusion:
He admired of the old mother and abolished his cruel law against the aged people. Thus, we are observed that the “Old are wise” through this story.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Elucidate, ‘With the crown, there cometh wisdom’.
Answer:
In the saying “With the crown of snow, there cometh wisdom” – the crown of snow is pertaining to the elders. It underlines the importance of the elders in shaping our society. The word, “there cometh wisdom” explains that as we get old our everyday experiences make us to be intelligent.

Theoretical knowledge is always superficial. The impact is made only by experienced persons. The wisdom one gets from experience can never be compared to one who is learned theoretically. A person leams from Mistakes. Elders are generally optimistic and are ready to learn from their mistakes.

They also remember it for their lifetime and never repeat them. The elders who have faced different challenges in life and had survived them braving all storm serve as our guiding path because their varied experiences teach us to become wise. They are wise enough to know what is right from wrong.
‘There is a wisdom of the head and a wisdom of the heart.’

Question 2.
Explain the mother’s love with reference to the story, ‘The Aged Mother’.
Answer:
The story of the aged mother revolves around a situation, when the despotic ruler, a warrior proclaimed a decree ordering that all the aged people should be put to death. The story is about a mother’s love. Mother’s love cannot be compared for it is pure and unselfish. Most of all it serves as our courage, weakness and strength that guides us to walk through our journey called life.

It’s something that no one can explain because it is cultivated with deep devotion, sacrifice, understanding and pain. When the poor farmer decides to give his mother a kind mode of death, he silently takes his mother to the bare summit of Obatsayuma and plans to abandon her there. On their way to the summit of the mountain, the heart of the loving mother grows concerned because she knows that her son will be in danger on his way back because it’s an untrodden path.

The aged mother, due to her wisdom and experience breaks the twigs and drops it quietly on the road to serve as a guide for her son’s return journey. She knows from the very start that she will be abandoned in the summit of the mountain but she also understands that it’s for her own good and her son’s. However, she maintains silence to avoid agonizing her son who was already distressed at his action because of her love for her child.

D. Identify the character/speaker.

1. He gave orders for the aged to be put to death.
Answer:
Despotic leader of Shining

2. He considered the order to be the kindest mode of death.
Answer:
The Governor who is the despotic leader

3. She quietly dropped some twigs on the way.
Answer:
The aged mother of the poor farmer

4. Let not thine eyes be blinded.
Answer:
The aged mother of the poor farmer

5. Together we will follow the path, together we will die.
Answer:
Poor farmer

6. I will think. I will think.
Answer:
Widowed mother

7. The truth must be told.
Answer:
Poor farmer

8. He listened and meditated in silence.
The Governor

9. Shining needs more than the strength of the youth.
Answer:
The Governor

10. With the crown of snow there cometh wisdom.
Answer:
The Governor

E. Choose the appropriate answer and fill in the blanks.

1. Shining was governed by a ………………. leader.
(a) strict
(b) kind
(c) cruel
(d) diplomatic.
Answer:
(c) cruel

2. The ………………. was the principal food for the poor.
(a) wheat
(b) brown rice
(c) unwhitened rice
(d) millet.
Answer:
(c) unwhitened rice

3. The road was crossed and re-crossed by many paths made by the ………………………. .
(a) hunters and woodcutters
(b) robbers and thieves
(c) vendors and tradesmen
(d) wildlife photographers and trekkers
Answer:
(a) hunters and woodcutters

4. Gathering ……………… he made a soft cushion and tenderly lifted his old mother onto it.
(a) dry leaves
(b) fallen pine
(c) broken twigs
(d) flowers
Answer:
(b) fallen pine

5. The governor demanded that his subjects should present him with a …………………. .
(a) basket of fruits
(b) rope of ashes
(c) flesh of animals
(d) bag of silverwares
Answer:
(b) rope of ashes

Additional:

A. Choose the Correct answer.

1. A poor farmer and his aged, widowed mother owned a bit of …………………. .
(a) cloth
(b) land
(c) woolen cloth
(d) iron
Answer:
(b) land

2. The country ……………… was governed by a despotic leader.
(a) Shillong
(b) Japan
(c) Shining
(d) Kolkata
Answer:
(c) Shining

3. The province was given strict orders to put to death all …………………. people.
(a) aged
(b) destitute
(c) handicapped
(d) sickly
Answer:
(a) aged

4. The order filled the poor man’s heart with ……………….. .
(a) joy
(b) happiness
(c) sorrow
(d) anxiety
Answer:
(c) sorrow

5. ………………….. was the principal food for the poor.
(a) unbeaten rice
(b) sifted flour
(c) wheat
(d) unwhitened rice
Answer:
(d) unwhitened rice

6. The poor farmer dried and cooked the rice and tied it in a ………………. cloth.
(a) triangular
(b) square
(c) wet
(d) parched dry
Answer:
(b) square

7. He took cool sweet water in a ……………………….. .
(a) bottle
(b) jar
(c) pot
(d) gourd
Answer:
(d) gourd

8. The high bare summit, is ………………… .
(a) Obayama
(b) Otsuyama
(c) Obatsuyama
(d) Obsuyata
Answer:
(c) Obatsuyama

9. Beneath the kitchen floor was a walled ……………….. for food.
(a) closet
(b) clarinet
(c) open space
(d) cabinet
Answer:
(a) closet

10. Stretch the twisted straw upon a row of flat stones and bum it on a ……………………. night.
(a) windy
(b) windless
(c) breezy
(d) stormy
Answer:
(b) windless

B. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. It describes the love and affection a son and his mother have for one another.
b. Strict orders were given in the province to put to death all aged people at once.
c. The custom of abandoning old people to die was not uncommon, then.
d. ‘The Story of the Aged Mother’. By Matsuo Baasho is a Japanese folklore.
e. The country Shining was governed by a despotic leader who sent out a cruel proclamation.
Answers:
d, a, e, b, c
d. ‘The Story of the Aged Mother’, by Matsuo Baasho is a Japanese folklore.
a. It describes the love and affection a son and his mother have for one another.
e. The country Shining was governed by a despotic leader who sent out a cruel proclamation.
b. Strict orders were given in the province to put to death all aged people at once.
c. The custom of abandoning old people to die was not uncommon, then.

2. a. Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain.
b. The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence.
c. So with hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for the kindest mode of death.
d. But no one ever thought twice about obeying the mandate of the governor.
e. At sundown, he took some cooked food with some sweet water.
Answers:
b, d, c, e, a
b. The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence.
d. But no one ever thought twice about obeying the mandate of the governor.
c. So with hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for the kindest mode of death.
e. At sundown, he took some cooked food with some sweet water.
a. Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (of abandoning old people to die / to send out / of failing health and strength / all aged people / was governed by a despotic leader)

The country Shining (i) …………………. who though a warrior, had a great and cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive (ii) …………………. This caused him (iii) …………………. a cruel proclamation. The entire province was given strict orders to immediately put to death (iv) ……………….Those were barbarous days, and the custom (v) …………………. was not uncommon.
Answers:
(i) was governed by a despotic leader
(ii) of failing health and strength
(iii) to send out
(iv) all aged people
(v)of abandoning old people to die

2. (with a rope of ashes / Time passed / sent forth heralds / hid his mother /as a boast of his power)

There the son (i) ………………………., supplying her with everything she needed, continually watching and fearing she would be discovered, (ii) ……………………., and he was beginning to feel safe when again the governor (iii) ……………….. bearing an unreasonable order, seemingly (iv) ……………….His demand was that his subjects should present him (v) ………………………… .
Answers:
(i) hid his mother
(ii) Time passed
(iii) sent forth heralds

C. Match the following appropriately:
1.

Answers:
(i)(b), (ii)(d), (iii)(e), (iv)(c), (v)(a).

2.

Answers:
(i)(d), (ii)(e), (iii)(b), (iv)(c), (v)(a).

D. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Long, long ago there lived at the foot of the mountain a poor farmer and his aged, widowed mother. They owned a bit of land which supplied them with food, and they were humble, peaceful, and happy.The country Shining was governed by a despotic leader who though a warrior, had a great and cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive of failing health and strength. This caused him to send out a cruel proclamation. The entire province was given strict orders to immediately put to death all aged people.

Those were barbarous days, and the custom of abandoning old people to die was not uncommon. The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence, and the order filled his heart with sorrow. But no one ever thought twice about obeying the mandate of the governor, so with many deep and hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for what at that time was considered the kindest mode of death.

(a) What do you know of the poor farmer and his aged mother?
Answer:
The poor farmer and his aged mother lived in their small bit of land at the foothills which supplied them with food. They were humble, peaceful and happy.

(b) Who ruled the country Shining?
Answer:
The Country Shining was ruled by a despotic leader who was a warrior himself.

(c) What was the despotic leader’s order to the entire province?
Answer:
The despotic leader ordered that all aged people who were failing in health and strength be put
to death immediately.

(d) Pick out the adjective that described the kind of days the people lived in at Shining.
Answer:
The adjective used to describe was ‘barbarous’.

(e) How did the poor farmer react in response to the order?
Answer:
The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence, and the order filled his heart with sorrow. With many deep and hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for the kindest mode of death.

2. Just at sundown, when his day’s work was ended, he took a quantity of unwhitened rice which was the principal food for the poor, and he cooked, dried it, and tied it in a square cloth, which he swung in a bundle around his neck along with a gourd filled with cool, sweet water. Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain.

The road was long and steep; the narrow road was crossed and re-crossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters. In someplace, they were lost and confused, but he gave no heed. One path or another, it mattered not. On he went, climbing blindly upward – ever upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama, the mountain of the “abandoning of the aged”.

(a) What did the poor farmer do at the end of his work before taking his mother to the summit?
Answer:
The poor farmer took a quantity of unwhitened rice which was the principal food for the poor. He cooked it, dried it and tied it in a square cloth, which he swung in a bundle around his neck along with a gourd filled with cool, sweet water.

(b) Why was the journey painful?
Answer:
The journey up the mountain was painful because he was very grieved when he lifted his helpless old mother to his back.

(c) How was the road up the mountain?
Answer:
The road up the mountain was long and steep. It was crossed and recrossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters.

(d) How do you know that he was focused on his journey?
Answer:
There were times, when they were lost and confused but he did not bother about anything and walked continuously up the summit.

(e) Why did the poor farmer choose Obatsuyama?
Answer:
The poor farmer chose Obatsuyama because it was the mountain of the ‘Abandoning the Aged’.

The Aged Mother by Matsuo Basho About the Author:

Matsuo Basho was born in 1644 in Iga Provence and died on 28th November, 1694 in Osaka, Japan. Matsuo Basho’s poetry is internationally renowned; and, in Japan, many of his poems are reproduced on monuments and traditional sites. Basho was introduced to poetry at a ‘young age, and after integrating himself into the intellectual scene of Edo which is modem Tokyo, he quickly became well known throughout Japan. He made a living as a teacher; but then renounced the social, urban life of the literary circles and was inclined to wander throughout the country, heading west, east, and far into the northern wilderness to gain inspiration for his writing.

The Aged Mother Summary:

Introduction:
Author Matsuo Basho expresses the love the mother shows on his son and the way he reciprocates it. The story is a drama of how the son fights to thwart the cruel fate that fell upon his mother and the wittiness of his mother that helped save her from the ill fate of all old mothers.

King’s decree:
“The Story of the Aged Mother”, by Matsuo Basho is a story in which a son and his mother’s pain in their battle against the decree of putting aged people to death is portrayed. The story happened at the foot of the mountain where a poor farmer lived in a country called Shining with his aged mother whom he loved. Their place was governed by a tyrannical leader who sent the announcement of killing all aged people which was not common then.

Son set to abandon mother:
When the poor farmer heard the decree he felt sorrow in his heart for his aged mother. Just as his labour ended, he prepared food from a portion of unwhitened rice, covered it in a square cloth and knotted it in his neck along with a gourd filled with cool, sweet water. He then carried his mother on his back and started walking towards the summit of Obatsayuma, the mountain of the“abandoning of aged”.

Mother’s anxiety:
On their way to the top, the helpless mother noticed the perilous path and thought that her son didn’t know the paths and might pass through danger. So she reached for twigs, snapped them to pieces and quietly dropped them until they reached the summit. The poor farmer freed his mother and made a comfortable cushion with pine needles and bid farewell.

Motherly love
Before he left her, she told him about the trail she made with the piles of twigs. His mother’s words clearly portrayed the unconditional love that the mother had for her son, an unselfish love that thumped the heart of the poor child and made him cry.

Son faces the verdict
Now, the farmer realized that they need to face the verdict together. So, he again carried his mother on his back and started to walk back to their humble hut in the valley.
He hid his mother on a walled closet used for food beneath the kitchen. Time passed and they both felt secure and safe until one day the despotic leader demanded the people of the valley to present him with a rope of ashes.

Farmer seeks mother’s wisdom:
The poor farmer was dumbstruck and informed his mother. His mother thought for a while and came upon a wise idea. She told him to make a rope of twisted straw, stretched upon a row of flat stones and bum it on a windless night. The tyrant was pleased of what he had witnessed and asked the poor farmer about his knowledge.

Poor farmer comes out with the truth:
The poor farmer told him the truth and stated everything he had done. The tormentor listened and meditated in silence. On hearing the story, he decided to abolish the harsh law and saw the presence of elders to shape the society. Now the despotic leader acknowledged that with the crown of snow, there cometh wisdom.

Conclusion:
It was a happy ending that has a moral code that a son should never let go of his mother whatsoever the situation may be. The king realised his mistakes and the worth of wise elders. Due to the wisdom of the mother, all the elders were saved.

The Aged Mother Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

You can Download The Story of Mulan Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 3 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Attempt all english grammar practice sections covered in the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Grammar Book and excel in reading, writing, and speaking english with great fluency.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 3 The Story of Mulan

The Story of Mulan Textual Questions

A. Choose the best answers.

1. Mulan goes to the battle instead of her father because ……………….. .
(a) she wants to be a soldier
(b) she was asked to join the army
(c) her father is old
(d) her brother is sick
Answer:
(c) her father is old

2. What did Mulan do before leaving the house?
(a) took leave from her mother
(b) cut off her hair
(c) prayed
(d), made a dress for war
Answer:
(b) cut off her hair

3. What is the story about?
(a) winning
(b) friendship
(c) women empowerment
(d) patriotism
Answer:
(c) women empowerment

4. The emperor asked Mulan to stay with him in the palace as his ……………….. .
(a) wife
(b) royal adviser
(c) army general
(d) friend
Answer:
(b) royal adviser

5. The emperor gave Mulan ……………….. .
(a) six horses and six swords
(b) a death sentence
(c) gold
(d) six camels
Answer:
(a) six horses and six swords

6. How did people of the village react to Mulan after her return from the battle?
(a) cheered her
(b) mocked her
(c) punished her
(d) scolded her
Answer:
(a) cheered her

Additional Questions

1. The classic story of Mulan is based on the legend of ………………….. .
(a) Hua Mulan
(b) Hans Mulan
(c) Fa Mulan
(d) Hua Mulan
Answer:
(a) Hua Mulan

2. Many years ago, China was in the …………………. of a great war.
(a) beginning
(b) end
(c) middle
(d) process
Answer:
(c) middle

3. Mulan, a …………… girl who lived in a faraway village of China, heard the news.
(a) young
(b) married
(c) widowed
(d) teenage
Answer:
(d) teenage

4. Mulan heard the Emperor’s command while ……………….. .
(a) grazing the cows
(b) feeding the horses
(c) washing clothes
(d)making porridge
Answer:
(c) washing clothes

5. Mulan’s father was sitting in a chair, ……………………. a piece of wood.
(a) carving
(b) chiseling
(c) scraping
(d) fixing
Answer:
(a) carving

6. Mulan’s father said that Mulan’s brother was a ……………. .
(a) sickly child
(b) child
(c)deserter
(d) traitor
Answer:
(b) child

7. Mulan poured her father a cup of …………… and handed it to him.
(a) coffee
(b) green tea
(c)cold coffee
(d) tea
Answer:
(d) tea

8. Mulan cut off her long, ……………….. hair.
(a) blonde
(b) grey
(c) black
(d) lustrous
Answer:
(c) black

9. For years, Mulan was trained in ………….. by her father.
(a) Judo
(b) Kung Fu
(c) Taekwondo
(d) Aikido
Answer:
(b) Kung Fu

10. Mulan climbed on a family ………….. and set off to join the Emperor’s army.
(a) pony
(b) elephant
(c) tiger
(d) horse
Answer:
(d) horse

B. Identify the character or speaker of the following lines.

1. I heard about it in town.
Answer:
Mulan’s father

2. I am your son now.
Answer:
Mulan

3. The General is a woman?
Answer:
The soldiers

4. Mulan, stay with me in the palace.
Answer:
The Emperor of China

5. You are too kind sir.
Answer:
Mulan

Additional Questions

1. One man from each Chinese family must join the army.
Answer:
The Emperor

2. Did you hear what the Emperor says each family must do?
Answer:
Mulan

3. Well, I may as well go pack up.
Answer:
Mulan’s father

4. Why at your age must you keep up with all those young men?
Answer:
Mulan

5. What else can be done?
Answer:
Mulan’s father

6. Of course that’s true.
Answer:
Mulan

7. Please sit for a minute. I will be right
Answer:
back.
Mulan

8. Look at me. I am your son now.
Answer:
Mulan

9. I will go to your place. I will do my part for China.
Answer:
Mulan

10. “Na, you c.unot do this!
Answer:
Mulan’s father :

11. You showed me boss to use a sword.
Answer:
Mulan

12. Only so that you could stay safe
Answer:
Mulan’s father

13. I never meant for you logo to war.
Answer:
Mulan’s father

14. You know as well as I do that you will die!
Answer:
Mulan’s father

15. Take care of yourself.
Answer:
Mulan

16. What I wish most of all is to return home to my family.
Answer:
Mulan

17. “How can this be?”
Answer:
Some soldiers

18. “She tricked us!”
Answer:
Some soldiers

19. “We will not fight for a woman!”
Answer:
Some soldiers

20. “Punish her! Make her pay!
Answer:
Some soldiers

21. The cost is for her to die!
Answer:
Some soldiers

22. With Mulan, we win every battle!”
Answer:
Other soldiers

23. “Stay away from our General!”
Answer:
Other soldiers

24. “Everyone! A surprise attack is coming!”
Answer:
A soldier

25. Someone as smart as you would be a fine royal adviser.
Answer:
The Emperor

26. Then at least take these fine gifts.
Answer:
The Emperor

27. So everyone at your home and village will know I think of you.
Answer:
The Emperor

28. Tell my brother I said goodbye.
Answer:
Mulan

29. I love you.
Answer:
Mulan to her father

30. Listen please.
Answer:
Mulan

C. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

Question 1.
What was the emperor’s order?
Answer:
The emperor’s order was that one man from each Chinese family must join the army.

Question 2.
Where did Mulan’s father hear about the emperor’s order?
Answer:
Mulan’s father heard about the Emperor’s order in town.

Question 3.
Why couldn’t Mulan’s brother go to war?
Answer:
Mulan’s brother was a little child. So he couldn’t go to war.

Question 4.
Why did Mulan disguise herself as a man?
Answer:
Mulan disguised herself as a man because women were not allowed to join the army.

Question 5.
How did the soldiers become sick?
Answer:
A bad fever swept through the army. So, many soldiers became sick.

Question 6.
How would she be punished if found guilty?
Answer:
if found guilty, she would be killed.

Question 7.
Why did the emperor give her fine gifts?
Answer:
She won the battle and saved china. So the emperor gave her fine gifts.

Question 8.
How did the soldiers come to know about Mulan’s real identity?
Answer:
When a bad fever swept the army, all the soldiers became sick. Even Mulan was affected by this fever. When the doctor examined Mulan in her tent, the doctor came to know that she was a woman and informed the soldiers.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Where did the story of Mulan come from?
Answer:
Hua Mulan was a Chinese warrior woman who lived during the Northern and Southern dynasties, which was between 420 and 589 CE and her story was told through the “Ballad of Mulan.”

Question 2.
How do you know that the story of Mulan ¡s a true story?
Answer:
Any legend is a story from ancient times and it is believed to be based mostly on true stories. Now, it’s possible that she was a real person, but it is largely believed that her story is fictional.

Question 3.
Why did Mutan take a decision risking her life?
Answer:
In response to the Emperor’s order, Mulan decided to risk her life since her father was aged and her only brother was a child. To add to these, she was also trained in Kung Fu by her father to stay safe.

Question 4.
Why should Mutan be considered a hero?
Answer:
Hua Mulan should be considered as a hero because she joined the all-male army to interchange her father’s place. It was really hard for a woman to make this choice in ancient China. She is my hero because she showed filial respect for her father, made an impact among her countrymen and was brave.

D. Answer the following questions in a paragraph.

Question 1.
Sketch the character of Mulan.
Answer:
Introduction:
Mulan was a legendary Chinese warrior described in a ballad. The emperor ordered that every person from each family should join the army.

Mulan’s decision:
Mulan decided to go to war as her father was too old and her brother was too young. She thought that it was her moral duty. Thus, Mulan disguised herself as a boy. She cut her hair shortly like a boy.

As a soldier:
Mulan joined the army. She participated in the war bravely and fought vigorously. She ended the war successfully. Every time, she was put in charge of soldiers. She became the Governor-General of the army.

Truth revealed:
Suddenly a fever swept through the army. Mulan became sick. The doctor found that Mulan was a girl. But, admiring her bravery and courage, the emperor asked her to be his royal advisor.

Conclusion:
Thus, Mulan returned home with fine gifts and six horses and swords from the emperor, thus Mulan saved China from enemies.

Question 2.
Do you agree with Mulan’s decision to go to war? Justify.
Answer:
Yes, Mulan’s decision to go to the war was correct. She is a patriotic girl who wanted to fight for her country. When the Emperor of China insisted that one man from each family should join the army, she was ready to join the army disguised as a man. At first, her father decided to join the army. But Mulan protested that he could not go as he was old and sick. Her brother was a child. So she decided to join the army. Her father was afraid that the Emperor would kill her, if he knew that she was a woman. But Mulan was confident that no one would find her. She cut her hair like a man and picked up the sword. She bade him goodbye, climbed on a horse and went to join the Emperor’s army.

Additional:

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. With her sword, she cut off her long, black hair.
b. No, my daughter, you cannot do this!
c. Many years ago, China was in the middle of a great war.
d. Look at me, I am your son now.
e. I will do my part for China.
Answers:
c, a, d, e, b
c. Many years ago, China was in the middle of a great war.
a. With her sword, she cut off her long, black hair.
d. Look at me, I am your son now.
e. I will do my part for China.
b. No, my daughter, you cannot do this!

2. a. But, I never meant for you to go to war.
b. Father, for years, you trained me in Kung Fu.
c. No one will find out, Father, said Mulan and kissed him goodbye.
d. Take care of yourself, father and tell my brother I said goodbye.
e. If they find out you are a woman, you know as well as I do that you will die!
Answers:
b, a, e, c, d
b. Father, for years, you trained me in Kung Fu.
a. But, I never meant for you to go to war.
e. If they find out you are a woman, you know as well as I do that you will die!
c. No one will find out, Father, said Mulan and kissed him goodbye.
d. Take care of yourself, father and tell my brother I said goodbye.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (put on/cannot do this / into her room /cut off her long / Going back to her father)

Mulan went (i) ………………. With her sword, she (ii) ……………., black hair. She (iii) …………… her father’s robe, (iv) …………….., Mulan said, “Look at me. I am your son now. I will go in your place. I will do my part for China.” “No, my daughter!” said the old man. “You (v) ……………. !”
Answers:
(i) into her room
(ii) cut off her long
(iii) put on
(iv) Going back to her father
(v) cannot do this

2. (she was safe / returned to her village / stay with me in the palace / smart as you / so glad that)

The Emperor was (i) ……………. Mulan had ended the long war. He set aside the rule about being a woman. “Mulan, (ii) ………………..,” he said. “Someone as (iii) …………….. would be a fine royal adviser.” Politely refusing the offer, Mulan (iv) ………….. with six fine horses and six fine swords. Everyone cheered that (v) ……………. The person who had saved China was their very own Mulan!
Answers:
(i) so glad that
(ii) stay with me in the palace
(iii) smart as you
(iv) returned to her village
(v) she was safe

C. Match the following appropriately:

1.

Answer:
(i)(c), (ii)(e), (iii)(d), (iv)(b), (v)(a).

2.
Answer:
(i) (d), (ii) (e), (iii) (a), (iv) (c), (v) (b).

D. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Many years ago, China was in the middle of a great war. The Emperor said that one man from each Chinese family must leave his family to join the army. Mulan, a teenage girl who lived in a faraway village of China, heard the news when she was outside, washing clothes.

Mulan ran into the house. Her father was sitting in a chair, carving a piece of wood. “Father!” she said. “Did you hear what the Emperor says each family must do?” “Yes,” said her old father, “I heard about it in town. Well, I may as well go pack up.” He put down his carving, stood up and walked very slowly to his room.“Wait!” said Mulan, “Father, you have not been well.

If I may say so, why at your age must you keep up with all those young men?” “What else can be done?” said her father. “Your brother is a child. He cannot go.” “Of course that’s true,” said Tvfrulan. “He is too little. But I have an idea.” She poured her father a cup of tea and handed it to him. “Father, have some tea. Please sit for a minute. I will be right back.” “Very well, dear,” said the father.

Mulan went into her room. With her sword, she cut off her long, black hair. She put on her father’s robe. Going back to her father, Mulan said, “Look at me. I am your son now. I will go in your place. I will do my part for China.” “No, my daughter!” said the old man. “You cannot do this!”

(а) What was order to the people of China in the middle of war from the Emperor?
Answer:
The Emperor ordered that one man from every Chinese family must leave his family to join the army.

(b) How did Mulan react to this order from the Emperor?
Answer:
Mulan, a teenage girl heard the news when she was washing clothes outside and decided to replace her dad who wasn’t feeling well.

(c) What was Mulan’s father doing at home when she ran into the house?
Answer:
When Mulan ran into the house, her father who was unwell was sitting on a chair and carving a piece of wood.

(d) Why didn’t Mulan want her father to respond to the Emperor’s order?
Answer:
Mulan did not want her father to go to war because he was aged and was unwell. She was sure that he would not be able to keep up with all the young men in the opponent’s army.

(e) How did Mulan prove to be a different kind of a girl child?
Answer:
Mulan was quick in thinking. She quickly went in, cut off her long black hair with her sword, put on her father’s robe and told her father that she would go as a son of a family to fight in the war.

2. “Father, listen please,” said Mulan. “For years, you trained me in Kung Fu. You showed me how to use a sword.” Mulan swung the sword back and forth with might.
“Only so that you could stay safe!” said her father. “I never meant for you to go to war. If they find out you are a woman, you know as well as I do that you will die!”
“No one will find out, Father,” said Mulan. She picked up her sword.
“Mulan!” said the Father. He tried to get up but had to hold on to his chair.

The daughter kissed him goodbye. “I love you, Father,” she said. “Take care of yourself. Tell my brother I said goodbye.” She climbed on a family horse. And off she went to join the Emperor’s army.

In the army, Mulan proved to be a brave soldier. In time, she was put in charge of other soldiers. Her battles went so well that she was put in charge of more soldiers. Her battles kept on going well. After a few years Mulan was given the top job – she would be General of the entire army. Not long after that, a very bad fever swept through the army. Many soldiers were sick. And Mulan, the General of the Army, became sick, too. When the doctor came out of Mulan’s tent, he knew the truth.

(a) What martial art did Mulan’s father teach her? Why?
Answer:
Mulan’s father taught her the art of Kung Fu. He showed her how to use the sword so that she could stay safe and protect herself.

(b) What did the father fear about Mulan’s decision?
Answer:
Mulan’s father feared that she would be put to death if the army men found out that she was a woman and not a man.

(c) What did Mulan do before leaving to war?
Answer:
Mulan kissed her father goodbye and said that she loved him. She also asked him to take care of himself and convey her ‘goodbye’ to her little brother who was a child.

(d) What were Mulan’s accomplishments in the army?
Answer:
In the army, Mulan proved to be a brave soldier. Within a short time, she was put in charge of other soldiers. Her battles went so well that she was put in charge of more soldiers and after a few years she was given the top job – General of the entire army.

(e) What caused the other’s to identify Mulan’s identify?
Answer:
A bad fever swept through the army and Mulan was also a prey to it. This fever revealed her identity to others through the doctor who came to treat her.

E. Study the given mind map and fill in the incomplete details:

Answers:
(i) was in the middle of a great war.
(ii) one man from each Chinese family must leave his family.
(iii) heard the news when she was outside, washing clothes.
(iv) carving a piece of wood.
(v) what the Emperor says each family must do.

Answers:
(i) swept through the army.
(ii) Mulan, the General of the army,
(iii) he knew the truth
(iv) “The General is a woman?
(v) With Mulan, we win every battle! Stay away

The Story of Mulan Summary:

Introduction:
The Story of Mulan portrays the legendary Chinese warrior Hua Mulan and is mostly based on the information of her from the poem, ‘The Ballad of Mulan’. This restating of the old Chinese folktale is about the story of the young Chinese maiden who learns that her wizened, old and frail father is to be called up into the army in order to fight the invading Huns by the Chinese Emperor.

Announcement from the Chinese:
When the Huns invade China, one man from every family is called to arms. She hears of the order that every family must send one man to the army while washing clothes. She discusses the same with her father who had also heard of it when he had gone to the town. Mulan’s father, who is frail and aged decides to fight for his country and the honour of his family though it is clear that he will not survive an enemy encounter. He decides to go to war but is prevented by her daughter with her outrageous decision. Knowing that her father will never endure the rigours of war in his frail state, she decides to disguise herself and join in his place without second thoughts yet convincing him. Mulan’s only brother who is a small child cannot pitch in.

Mulan joins the battle:
She takes blessings from her father, kisses him goodbye, wore his army clothes and rode on his horse after cutting her long hair short. In the army, Mulan proves to be a brave soldier who is later put in charge of other soldiers. Her battles go so well that more soldiers are added. After a few years, Mulan becomes the General of the entire army.

Truth about Mulan:
Suddenly, bad fever swept through the army. Many soldiers including Mulan become prey. The arrival of the doctor brings to light the hidden truth. Many soldiers disprove such a thought and want her to be punished to death because of gender disparity. However, some soldiers are broad minded and see the winning chances.

Mulan’s bravery and the acceptance of soldiers:
Just then a soldier announces the surprise attack by the enemies. With no time to debate, the soldiers spring to action at the command of the General who hears this from inside her tent. She gets dressed and goes outside. Though not strong, she stands tall. She instructs the soldiers to attack knowing very well her strategic planning that all her soldiers acknowledge. It worked! The battle was won. It was such a big victory that the enemy gave up, at last. The war was over, and China was saved! You can be sure that after that last battle, no one cared anymore that Mulan was a woman.

Mulan’s final decision and the emperor’s gift:
The Emperor was glad that Mulan had ended the long war that he set aside the rule about being a woman. He wanted Mulan to stay with him in the palace and be an advisor but she chose to go to her family, thanking the emperor. The emperor gave her six horses and six fine swords so that her people will know that he thinks of her. Everyone cheered that she was safe and well honoured.

Conclusion:
The story depicts the daughter’ love for her father. Father wanted the girl to be able to defend herself and thus taught her sword fight and Kung Fu. How this girl hails to become a commander of an army from learning the art of war from her father is narrated in a fine manner to readers delight.

The Story of Mulan Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Solutions Chapter 23 Visual Communication

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Visual Communication Textual Evaluation Solved

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Which software is used to create animation?
(a) Paint
(b) PDF
(c) MS Word
(d) Scratch.
Answer:
(d) Scratch.

Question 2.
All files are stored in the:
(a) Folder
(b) box
(c) Pai
(d) Scanner
Answer:
(a) Folder

Question 3.
Which is used to build scripts?
(a) Script area
(b) Block palette
(c) Stage
(d) Sprite.
Answer:
(a) Script area

Question 4.
Which is used to edit programs?
(a) Inkscape
(b) Script editor
(c) Stage
(d) Sprite
Answer:
(b) Script editor

Question 5.
Where you will create the category of blocks?
(a) Block palette
(b) Block menu
(c) Script area
(d) Sprite.
Answer:
(b) Block menu

II. Match the following:

Question 1.

1. Script Area	(a) Type notes
2. Folder	(b) Animation software
3. Scratch	(c) Edit programs
4. Costume editor	(d) Store files
5. Notepad	(e) Build Scripts

Answer:

1. (e) Build Scripts
2. (d) Store files
3. (b) Animation software
4. (c) Edit programs
5. (a) Type notes.

III. Answer the following:

Question 1.
What is Scratch?
Answer:
‘Scratch’ is a software used to create animations, cartoons and games easily. Scratch, on the other hand, is a visual programming language. It was developed in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab to make programming easier and more fun to learn.

Question 2.
Write a short note on editor and its type?
Answer:
There are two types of editors. They are (i) Script editor (ii) Costume editor.
Editors are used to edit your programs or your sprite’s pictures. The script editor has three main parts: Script area, Block menu and Block palette. When costume editor tab is chosen, Click → File / New to create new project.

Question 3.
What is Stage?
Answer:
The stage is the background appearing when we open the scratch window. The background will most often be white. You can change the background colour as you like.

Question 4.
What is Sprite?
Answer:
The characters on the background of a scratch window are known as sprite. Usually a cat appears as a sprite when the scratch window is opened. The software provides facilities to make alternations in sprite.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Visual Communication Additional Questions Solved

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
The characters on the background of a scratch window are known as _______.
(a) stage
(b) screen
(c) sprite
(d) script.
Answer:
(c) sprite

Question 2.
Which button is click, it shows the list of all programs in the computer?
(a) My computer
(b) START
(c) Recycle Bin
(d) Explorer
Answer:
(b) START

Question 3.
Choose the correct pair for the following _______.
(a) Stage – bottom left
(b) Sprite list – top left
(c) Script tab – right
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Script tab – right

Question 4.
The device which helps in explaining the concepts easily through pictures is known as:
(a) Visual communication device
(b) Paint
(c) Notepad
(d) Scratch
Answer:
(a) Visual communication device

Question 5.
Choose the correct statement from the following _______.
(a) The output we get from any application is called folder.
(b) Cinema is a good example of VCD.
(c) The characters on the background of a scratch window are known as a stage.
(d) The scratch editor has four main parts.
Answer:
(b) Cinema is a good example of VCD.

Question 6.
Which company was developed by Scratch software?
(a) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
(b) Microsoft corporation
(c) Sun micro system
(d) Oracle corporation
Answer:
(a) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Question 7.
The output we get from any application is commonly referred to as _______.
(a) file
(b) folder
(c) hardware
(d) software.
Answer:
(a) file

Question 8.
Choose the correct pair:
(a) Script – Event
(b) Mouse – Output
(c) Visual – blackboard
(d) NEW – Start
Answer:
(a) Script – Event

Question 9.
When we _____ on the mouse, the popup menu appears.
(a) right – click
(b) left click
(c) click
(d) right.
Answer:
(a) right-click

Question 10.
Choose the correct statement:
(a) The scratch editor has two main parts.
(b) The stage background will most often be black.
(c) Block menu, where you build scripts
(d) The script editor right pane also contains two additional tabs, costumes and sounds.
Answer:
(d) The script editor right pane also contains two additional tabs, costumes and sounds.

Question 11.
The list of all programs loaded in the computer is shown when you click _______ button.
(a) Home
(b) list
(c) All programs
(d) start.
Answer:
(d) start.

Question 12.
Which device helps in explaining the concepts easily through pictures?
(a) Audiometer
(b) Video meter
(c) Visual audio device
(d) Visual communication device.
Answer:
(d) Visual communication device.

Question 13.
Which one of the following is a good example of a visual communication device?
(a) Theatre
(b) Cinema
(c) Exhibitions
(d) poster making.
Answer:
(b) Cinema

Question 14.
VCD means _______.
(a) Virtual compact disk
(b) Video compact disc
(c) Visual contract device
(d) Visual communication device.
Answer:
(d) Visual communication device.

Question 15.
Which one of the following is a visual programming language?
(a) Visual Basic
(b) Scratch
(c) Visual C++
(d) paint.
Answer:
(b) Scratch

Question 16.
Expand MIT _______.
(a) Maritime Institute of Technology
(b) Madras Institute of Technology
(c) Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(d) Maldives Institute of Technology.
Answer:
(c) Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Question 17.
The Scratch editors consists of ______ main parts.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5.
Answer:
(b) 3

Question 18.
Pick the odd one out _______.
(a) Stage
(b) Screen
(c) Sprite
(d) Script editor.
Answer:
(b) Screen

Question 19.
_______ is the background appearing when we open the scratch Window.
(a) Stage
(b) Screen
(c) Sprite
(d) Script.
Answer:
(a) Stage

Question 20.
What is the default colour of the stage?
(a) red
(b) yellow
(c) white
(d) black.
Answer:
(c) white

Question 21.
Find the correct statement from the following?
(a) The background colour of the stage can be changed.
(b) The background colour of the stage cannot be changed.
Answer:
(a) The background colour of the stage can be changed.

Question 23.
The _____ pane also contains two additional tabs like costumes and sounds.
(a) left
(b) right
(c) centre
(d) bottom.
Answer:
(b) right

Question 24.
Find the false statement from the following.
(a) When the costume tab is chosen, the costume editor appears in red colour.
(b) When the costume tab is chosen, the costume editor appears in blue colour.
Answer:
(b) When the costume tab is chosen, the costume editor appears in blue colour.

Question 25.
What is the command used to create a new project?
(a) File →New
(b) File → project New
(c) File → New project
(d) File → project.
Answer:
(a) File → New

Question 26.
Click the _____ flag at the top right comer of the stage to run your program.
(a) red
(b) blue
(c) green
(d) yellow.
Answer:
(c) green

Question 27.
Which is not a part of script editor?
(a) sprite
(b) script area
(c) Block menu
(d) Block palette.
Answer:
(a) sprite

Question 28.
Click the scripts tab and find the play sound block from the ________ menu.
(a) scripts
(b) events
(c) sound
(d) audio.
Answer:
(c) sound

II. Match the following:

Question 1.

1. VCD	(a) Storage space
2. File	(b) Cinema
3. Folder	(c) Software
4. Scratch	(d) Specific purpose

Answer:

1. (b) Cinema
2. (d) Specific purpose
3. (a) Storage space
4. (c) Software.

Question 2.

1. Script tabs	(a) Unknown place
2. Build scripts	(b) Blocks tab
3. Right pane	(c) Script area
4. Guide board	(d) Costumes and sounds

Answer:

1. (b) Blocks tab
2. (c) Script area
3. (d) Costumes and sounds
4. (a) Unknown place.

III. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
______ and ____ plays a vital role in the working of the computer.
Answer:
Software, hardware.

Question 2.
In Windows OS, ______ application is used to draw pictures.
Answer:
paint.

Question 3.
In Windows OS, we can collect our notes in ______ application.
Answer:
Notepad.

Question 4.
The ______ tab on the right contains the blocks tabs and scripts area.
Answer:
Scripts.

Question 5.
Click the menu _____ drag a when green flag clicked the block to the scripts area.
Answer:
Script → Event.

Question 6.
Sound is present in _____ option.
Answer:
Script.

Question 7.
Visual programming was developed in the _______.
Answer:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

IV. Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Define file.
Answer:
The output we get from any application is commonly referred to as ‘file’. Therefore the application for the specific purposes determines the nature of the file.

Question 2.
How can we save data and information in computer?
Answer:
We can save data and information in folders which accommodate a single file or multiple files. So all files are stored in the folder.

Question 3.
Define VCD. (Visual Communication Device)?
Answer:
The device which helps in explaining the concepts easily through pictures is known as ‘Visual Communication Device’. For example photos, audiovisuals, drawings, animations all these can be created easily with the help of the computer. Cinema is a good example of ‘Visual Communication Device’.

Question 4.
Write any four operating systems?
Answer:

1. Windows
2. UNIX
3. LINUX
4. iOS.

Question 5.
What are the three main parts of the script editor?
Answer:
The script editor has three main parts:

• Script area: Where you build scripts.
• Block menu: Where you choose the category of blocks (programming statements) to use.
• Block palette: Where you choose the block to use.

Question 6.
How will you add sound using the costume tab?
Answer:
When the Costumes tab is chosen, the costume editor, Click File/New to create a new project and enter a project name.
Click File / New to create a new project and enter a project name.

Adding Sound:

1. Click Spritel in the sprite list and click the Sounds tab.
2. Try the meow sound already there. If you don’t like it, click the speaker icon to choose a different sound from the sound library.
3. Click the Scripts tab and find the play sound block from the Sound menu. Add this block to the when space key pressed script. (Select the sound you want from the drop-down list.)
4. Run your program.

Question 7.
Explain how will you create a new project?
Answer:
Click File / New to create a new project and enter a project name.

V. Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
Explain adding sound with an example.
Answer:
Adding Sound:

1. Click Spritel in the sprite list and click the Sounds tab.
2. Try the meow sound already there. If you don’t like it, click the speaker icon to choose a different sound from the sound library.
3. Click the Scripts tab and find the play sound block from the Sound menu. Add this block when space key pressed script. (Select the sound you want from the drop-down list.)
4. Run your program.

Example:
Program for print the word “Hello” with sound:

1. Click events in script option.

2. Drag “When Clicked” tab to script area.

3. Click Looks in script option. Drag “say” to script area.

4. Type “Hello “ word in say tab.

5. Click sounds in script option. Drag play sound to script area. Choose the hello sound from the audio file.

6. From File menu choose the Save option.

7. Click the green flag at the top right comer of the stage window to run the program.

Question 2.
Explain how will you give movements and loops. Give an example.
Answer:
Click the menu Script → Event, drag a when green flag clicked a block to the scripts area. Your scripts area should look like this:

Click the menu Script → Motion menu, drag a goto x : 0, y : 0 blocks to the scripts area and snap it to the bottom of the when green flag clicked the block.
Your script should look like this:

Add a move 10 steps block to the bottom of your script and change the 10 into 100.

Click the green flag at the top right comer of the stage to run your program.