Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 4 Theoretical Concepts of Operating System

Students can Download Computer Science Chapter 4 Theoretical Concepts of Operating System Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 4 Theoretical Concepts of Operating System

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Theoretical Concepts of Operating System Text Book Back Questions and Answers

PART – 1
I. Choose The Correct Answer

Question 1.
Operating system is a ……………….
(a) Application Software
(b) Hardware
(c) System Software
(d) Component
Answer:
(c) System Software

Question 2.
Identify the usage of Operating Systems ……………….
(a) Easy interaction between the human and computer
(b) Controlling input & output Devices
(c) Managing use of main memory
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 3.
Which of the following is not a function of an Operating System?
(a) Process Management
(b) Memory Management
(c) Security management
(d) Compiler Environment
Answer:
(d) Compiler Environment

Question 4.
Which of the following OS is a Commercially licensed Operating system?
(a) Windows
(b) UBUNTU
(c) FEDORA
(d) REDHAT
Answer:
(a) Windows

Question 5.
Which of the following Operating systems support Mobile Devices?
(a) Windows 7
(b) Linux
(c) BOSS
(d) iOS
Answer:
(d) iOS

Question 6.
File Management manages ……………….
(a) Files
(b) Folders
(c) Directory systems
(d) All the Above
Answer:
(d) All the Above

Question 7.
Interactive Operating System provides ……………….
(a) Graphics User Interface (GUI)
(b) Data Distribution
(c) Security Management
(d) Real Time Processing
Answer:
(a) Graphics User Interface (GUI)

Question 8.
Android is a ……………….
(a) Mobile Operating system
(b) open Source
(c) Developed by Google
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 9.
Which of the following refers to Android operating system’s version?
(a) JELLY BEAN
(b) UBUNTU
(c) OS/2
(d) MITTIKA
Answer:
(a) JELLY BEAN

PART – 2
II. Short Answers

Question 1.
What are the advantages of memory management in Operating System?
Answer:

1. Allocating memory is easy and cheap
2. Any free page is ok, OS can take first one out of.list it keeps
3. Eliminates external fragmentation
4. Data (page frames) can be scattered all over PM
5. Pages are mapped appropriately anyway
6. Allows demand paging and pre – paging
7. More efficient swapping
8. No need for considerations about fragmentation
9. Just swap out page least likely to be used

Question 2.
What is the multi – user Operating system?
Answer:
A Multi – user Operating system is a computer operating system (OS) that allows multiple users on different computers or terminals to access a single system with one OS on it.

Question 3.
What is a GUI?
Answer:
GUI – Graphical User Interface – It allows the use of icons or other visual indicators to interact with electronic devices, rather than using only text via the command line. For example, all versions of Microsoft Windows utilize a GUI, whereas MS – DOS does not.

Question 4.
List out different distributions of Linux operating system.
Answer:
Different server distributions in Linux OS:

1. Ubuntu
2. Linux Mint
3. Debian
4. Fedora
5. RedHa.

Question 5.
What are the security management features available in Operating System?
Answer:
Security Management features:

1. File access level security
2. System level security
3. Network level securny.

Question 6.
What is multi – processing?
Answer:
Multiprocessing is one of the features of operating system. It has two or more processors for a single running process. Each processor works on different parts of the same task or two or more different tasks.

Question 7.
What are the different Operating Systems used in computer?
Answer:
Different operating system used:

1. Single user, single Task Operating system
2. Multi user operating system
3. Multiprocessing operating system
4. Distributed Operating system

PART – 3
III. Explain in Brief

Question 1.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Time – sharing features?
Answer:
Advantages and disadvantages of Time Sharing Option (TSO)
Advantages:

• Each task and each user get its time.
• Systems have to give time to these application individual tasks and other applications also, so that all system behave correctly.
• Reduces the CPU ideal time

Disadvantages:

• Problem in Reliability
• It consumes many resources so it need special operating systems.
• Need High specification hardware

Question 2.
Explain and List out examples of mobile operating system.
Answer:
A Mobile Operating System (or mobile OS) is an operating system that is specifically designed to run on mobile devices such as phones, tablets, smart watches, etc.
Example: Apple IOS

Google android : Android is a mobile OS developed by Google, based on Linux and designed for smart phones and tabs. iOS was developed by Apple.
Example : Android, ColorOS, LGUX, MIUI.

Question 3.
What are the differences between Windows and Linux Operating system?
Answer:
Windows:

• Microsoft windows is a proprietary OS which is commercial.
• Windows can be modified only by the company that owns it.
• Difficult to customize.
• Vulnerable to virus and malware attacks.

Linux:

• Linux is open source, i.e., free licensed.
• Linux can be modified by anyone.
• Easy to customize.
• More secure.

Question 4.
Explain the process management algorithms in Operating System.
Answer:
The following algorithms are mainly used to allocate the job (process) to the processor: FIFO, SJF, Round Robin, Based on priority.

1. First In First Out (FIFO) Scheduling – This algorithm is based on queuing technique. Technically, the process that enters the queue first is executed first by the CPU, followed by the next and so on. The processes are executed in the order of the queue.
2. Shortest Job First (SJF) Scheduling – This algorithm works based on the size of the job being executed by the CPU.
3. Round Robin Scheduling – Round Robin (RR) Scheduling algorithm is designed especially -for time sharing systems, jobs are assigned and processor time in a circular method.
4. Based on priority – The given job (process) is assigned on a priority. The job which has higher priority is more important than ether jobs.

PART – 4
IV. Explain in Detail

Question 1.
Explain the concept of a Distributed Operating System.
Answer:
The data and application that are stored and processed on multiple physical locations across the world over the digital network (intemet/intranet). The Distributed Operating System is used to access shared data and files that reside in any machine around the world. The user can handle the data from different locations. The users can access as if it is available on their own computer.

The advantages of distributed Operating System are as follows:

1. A user at one location can make use of all the resources available at another location over the network.
2. Many computer resources can be added easily in the network
3. Improves the interaction with the customers and clients.
4. Reduces the load on the host computer.

Question 2.
Explain the main purpose of an operating system.
Operating system has become essential to enable the users to design applications without the knowledge of the computer’s internal structure of hardware.
Operating system manages all the software and hardware. Most of the time there are many different computer programmes running at the same time, they all need to access the computers, CPU, memory and storage. The need of operating system is basically – an interface between the user and the hardware.

Operating System works as translator, while it translates the user request into machine language(Binary language), processes it and then sends it back to Operating System. Operating System converts processed information into user readable form.

Uses of Operating Systems:

1. to ensure that a computer can be used to extract what the user wants it do.
2. Easy interaction between the users and computers.
3. Starting computer operation automatically when power is turned on (Booting).
4. Controlling Input and Output Devices
5. Manage the utilisation of main memory.
6. Providing security to user programs.

Question 3.
Explain advantages and disadvantages of open source operating systems.
Answer:
The benefits of open source are tremendous and have gained huge popularity in the IT field in recent years. They are as follows:

1. Open source (OS) is free to use, distribute and modify.
2. Open source is independent of the company as author who originally created it.
3. It is accessible to everyone. Anyone can debug the coding.
4. It doesn’t have the problem of incompatible formats that exits in proprietary software.
5. It is easy to customize as per our needs.
6. Excellent support will be provided by programmers who will assist in making solutions.

Some of the disadvantages are:

1. Latest hardware are incompatible, i.e. lack of device drivers.
2. It is less user friendly and not as easy to use.
3. There may be some indirect costs involved such as paying for external support.
4. Malicious users can potentially view it and exploit any vulnerability.

Samacheer kalvi 11th Computer Science Theoretical Concepts of Operating System Additional Questions and Answers

PART – 1
I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Software is classified into ………………. types.
(a) five
(b) two
(c) four
(d) six
Answer:
(b) two

Question 2.
A computer consists of a collection of processes, they are classified as ………………. categories.
(a) 7
(b) 3
(c) 8
(d) 2
Answer:
(d) 2

Question 3.
Which one of the following is not an algorithm?
(a) NTFS
(b) FIFO
(c) SJE
(d) Round Robin
Answer:
(a) NTFS

Question 4.
The operating system provides ………………. levels of securities to the user end.
(a) three
(b) five
(c) seven
(d) ten
Answer:
(a) three

Question 5.
Which one of the following is not a prominent operating system?
(a) UNIX
(b) IOS
(c) GUI
(d) Android
Answer:
(c) GUI

Question 6.
………………. is a family of multitasking.
(a) LINUX
(b) Microsoft Windows
(c) UNIX
(d) iOS
Answer:
(a) LINUX

Question 7.
Which one of the following comes under proprietary licence?
(a) Apple Mac OS
(b) Google’s Android
(c) UNIX
(d) LINUX
Answer:
(a) Apple Mac OS

Question 8.
The LINUX operating system was originated in ……………….
(a) 1996
(b) 1998
(c) 2000
(d) 1991
Answer:
(d) 1991

Question 9.
………………. is the second most popular mobile operating system globally after Android.
(a) Microsoft Windows
(b) iOS
(c) UNIX
(d) LINUX
Answer:
(b) iOS

Question 10.
Which one of the following is an application software to play audio and video files?
(a) Audio Player
(b) Media Player
(c) VLC Player
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) VLC Player

Question 11.
Which one of the following is a System software?
(a) Operating System
(b) Language Processor
(c) Both a & b
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) Both a & b

Question 12.
Which one of the following is a set of instructions that perform specific tasks?
(a) Hardware
(b) Software
(c) Processor
(d) I/O devices
Answer:
(b) Software

Question 13.
Hardware and software are managed by ……………….
(a) GUI
(b) OS
(c) Bootstrap
(d) keyboard
Answer:
(b) OS

Question 14.
The process of starting computer operation automatically when the power is turned on is called ……………….
(a) Booting
(b) Compiling
(c) executing
(d) Storing
Answer:
(a) Booting

Question 15.
An OS that allows only a single user to perform a task at a time is called as ……………….
(a) Single user os
(b) Single task os
(c) Both a & b
(d) Multi tasking os
Answer:
(c) Both a & b

Question 16.
Identify the single user and single task OS?
(a) MS – DOS
(b) UNIX
(c) LINUX
(d) iOS
Answer:
(a) MS – DOS

Question 17.
Identify the multi-user OS?
(a) Windows
(b) Linux
(c) UNIX
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 18.
To build a cheap computer, ………………. os is used.
(a) Windows
(b) Raspbion OS
(c) iOS
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Raspbion OS

Question 19.
GUI stands for ……………….
(a) Geo User Interact
(b) Global User Inter Change
(c) Graphical User Interface
(d) Global User Interface
Answer:
(c) Graphical User Interface

Question 20.
A ………………. is the unit of work or program in a computer.
(a) Process
(b) Code
(c) Concept
(d) Log file
Answer:
(a) Process

Question 21.
The operating system processes are executed by ……………….
(a) User code
(b) System code
(c) Task
(d) Program
Answer:
(b) System code

Question 22.
System level security is provided by ………………. in a multi user environment.
(a) Permission
(b) execute
(c) Password
(d) Security code
Answer:
(c) Password

Question 23.
NTFS is a ……………….
(a) game
(b) file management technique
(c) os
(d) System level security
Answer:
(b) file management technique

Question 24
………………. os is used to access shared data that resides in any machine around the world.
(a) Time sharing
(b) fixed
(c) MS – Dos
(d) distributed
Answer:
(d) distributed

Question 25.
Unix was developed in the year ……………….
(a) 1970
(b) 1980
(c) 1990
(d) 1960
Answer:
(a) 1970

Question 26.
Unix was developed by?
(a) Ken Thompson
(b) Dennis Ritchie
(c) Both a & b
(d) Ricki Mascitti
Answer:
(c) Both a & b

Question 27.
………………. is a windows alternative open source operating system.
(a) React OS
(b) Boss
(c) Redhat
(d) Fedora
Answer:
(a) React OS

Question 28.
Google has developed ………………. for wrist watches.
(a) Android wear
(b) Android wrist
(c) Android wrist watches
(d) Android watches
Answer:
(a) Android wear

Question 29.
Which among the following is not an android moblie open source versions?
(a) Dotnut
(b) Froyo
(c) Nougat
(d) Alpha
Answer:
(a) Dotnut

PART – 2
II. Short Answers

Question 1.
What is an operating system?
Answer:
An operating system is a software which serves as the interface between a user and a computer.

Question 2.
What are the different types of Operating System?
Answer:
Single user and single task operating system, Multi user operating system, Multi – Processing Operating system, Time sharing Operating system.

Question 3.
What is Real Time operating system?
Answer:
It is a multi – tasking and multi user operating system designed for real time based applications such as robotics, weather and climate prediction software etc.,

Question 4.
What is meant by Distributed Operating system?
Answer:
The data and applications are stored and processed on multiple locations in an around world over the digital network.

Question 5.
What are the advantages of Distributed Operating system?
Answer:
Resources can be used in different locations. Improves interaction with customers and clients. Reduces load on host computers. The data can be exchanged via email and chat.

Question 6.
What is an Interactive Operating system?
Answer:
This is the operating system that provides a GUI through which the user can navigate and interact.

Question 7.
Explain Round Robin Scheduling.
Answer:
This type of scheduling is also known as Time sharing scheduling process. In this, each program is given a fixed amount of time to execute.

Question 8.
What is Memory Management?
Answer:
It is the main functionality of an operating system which handles or manages primary memory and moves processes back and forth between main memory and disk during execution.

Question 9.
Mention different management techniques?
Answer:
Single continuous allocation, Partitioned allocation, Paged memory management, Segmented memory management.

Question 10.
What is Linux?
Answer:
Linux is a family of open-source operating systems.

Question 11.
What is an Android?
Answer:
Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux and designed primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets.

Question 12.
What are the types of software?
Answer:
Application software and System software

Question 13.
What is Process Management?
Answer:
Process management is a function that includes creating and deleting processes and providing mechanisms for processes to communicate and synchronize with each other.

Question 14.
What is Round Robin Scheduling?
Answer:
This algorithm is designed especially for time sharing systems.

Question 15.
What are the 3 levels of security?
Answer:

1. File Access Level
2. System Level
3. Network Level.

Question 16.
Name an OS which is Multitasking and Multi – user operating system.
Answer:
UNIX.

PART – 3
III. Explain in Brief

Question 1.
Write a short note on Android.
Answer:
Android:
Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on Linux and designed primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets. Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface. Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronic gadgets.

Question 2.
Why the operating system is needed?
Answer:
Need for operating system:
Operating System has become essential to enable the users to design applications without the knowledge of the computer’s internal structure of hardware. Operating System manages all the Software and Hardware. Most of the time there are many different computer programmes running at the same time, they all need to access the Computers, CPU, Memory and Storage. The need of Operating System is basically – an interface between the user and hardware.

Operating System works as translator, while it translates the user request into machine language(Binary language), processes it and then sends it back to Operating System. Operating System converts processed information into user readable form.

Question 3.
Write a note on OS for mobile devices.
Answer:
Operating systems for mobile devices:
Mobile devices such as phones, tablets and MP3 players are different from desktop and laptop computers and hence they need special Operating Systems. Examples of mobile Operating Systems are Apple iOS and Google Android. The iOS running on an iPad is Operating systems for mobile devices generally are not as fully featured as those made for desktop and laptop computers and they are not able to run all software.

Question 4.
Write a note on iOS – iphone OS.
Answer:
iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile Operating System created and developed by Apple Inc., exclusively for its hardware. It is the Operating System that presently powers many of the company’s mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch. It is the second most popular mobile Operating System globally after Android.

Question 5.
What is a software? Explain its types in detail.
Answer:
A software is a set of instructions that perform specific task. It interacts basically with the hardware to generate the desired output.
Types of Software:
Software is classified into two types:

1. Application Software
2. System Software

Application Software:
Application software is a set of programs to perform specific task. For example MS-word is an application software to create text document and VLC player is familiar application software to play audio, video files and many more.

System Software:
System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run the computer’s hardware and application programs. For example Operating System and Language Processor.

Question 6.
Write note on single user OS?
Answer:
An os allows only a single user to perform a task at a time. It is called as a single user and single task os.
Example : MS – DOS.

Question 7.
Write note on Raspbion os?
Answer:
Raspbion os is a platform that is designed to teach how to build a computer, working principle of every part of a circuit board, write code apps or games. The platform is available in pre – designed kits.

Question 8.
Explain the memory management activities done by os?
Answer:

1. Keeping track of which portion of memory are currently being used and who is using them.
2. Determining which processes and data to more in and out of memory.
3. Allocation and de – allocation of memory blocks as needed by the program in main memory. (Garbage collection).

Question 9.
Define Process?
Answer:

1. A process is the unit of work (program) in a computer.
2. A word processing program being run by an individual user on a computer is a process.
3. A system task, such as sending output to printer or screen can also be called as a process.

Question 10.
How are the processes classified on process management?
Answer:
A computer consists of a collection of process they are classified as two categories:

1. Operating system process which is executed by system code.
2. User processes which is executed by user code.

Question 11.
Name the activities done by os related with the process management?
Answer:

1. Scheduling processes and threads on the cpu.
2. Creating and deleting both user and system processes.
3. Suspending and resuming processes.
4. Providing mechanisms for process synchronization.
5. Providing mechanisms for process communication.

Question 12.
Write note an Fault Tolerance?
Answer:

1. The operating systems should be robust.
2. When there is a fault, the operating system should not crash, instead the os have fault tolerance capabilities and retain the existing state of system.

Question 13.
Write note on File Allocations Table (FAT).
Answer:

1. Any type of data in a computer is stored in the form of flies and directories / folders through File Allocation Table (FAT).
2. The FAT stores general information about files like file name, type (text or binary), size, starting address and access mode (sequential / indexed / indexed – sequential / direct / relative).

Question 14.
Give an example for Time – Sharing concept?
Answer:
Let us assume that there are three processes called P_1, P_2, P₃ and time allocated for each process 30,40, 50 minutes. If the process P₁ completes with in 20 minutes then processor takes the next Process P₁ for the execution. If the process P₂ could not complete within 40 minutes, then the current process P₂ will be paused and switch over to the next process P₃.

Question 15.
Write note on React OS.
React os is a windows – alternative open source os which is being developed on the principles of windows – without using any of the microsoft code.

Question 16.
List any 6 Android Mobile Open Source OS.
Answer:

1. Honey comb
2. Jelly Bean
3. Kitkat
4. Lollipop
5. Marshmallow
6. Nougat

PART – 4
IV. Explain in Detail

Question 1.
Write six uses of operating system.
Answer:
The main use of Operating System is

1. to ensure that a computer can be used to extract what the user wants it do.
2. Easy interaction between the users and computers.
3. Starting computer operation automatically when power is turned on (Booting).
4. Controlling Input and Output Devices
5. Manage the utilization of main memory.
6. Providing security to user programs.

Question 2.
Draw the diagram for the key features of the operating system.
Answer:

Question 3.
Explain User Interface?
Answer:
User Interface:
User interface is one of the significant feature in Operating System. The only way that user can make interaction with a computer. If the computer interface is not user – friendly, the user slowly reduces the computer usage from their normal life. This is the main reason for the key success of GUI (Graphical User Interface) based Operating System. The GUI is a window based system with a pointing device to direct I/O, choose from menus, make selections and a keyboard to enter text. Its vibrant colours attract the user very easily. Beginners are impressed by the help and pop up window message boxes. Icons are playing vital role of the particular application.

Now Linux distribution is also available as GUI based Operating System. The following points are considered when User Interface is designed for an application.

1. The user interface should enable the user to retain this expertise for a longer time.
2. The user interface should also satisfy the customer based on their needs.
3. The user interface should save user’s precious time. Create graphical elements like Menus,Window,Tabs, Icons and reduce typing work will be an added advantage of the Operating System.
4. The ultimate aim of any product is to satisfy the customer. The User Interface is also designed to satisfy the customer.
5. The user interface should reduce number of errors committed by the user with a little practice the user should be in a position to avoid errors (Error Log File)

Question 4.
Explain Memory Management?
Answer:
Memory Management:
Memory Management is the process of controlling and coordinating computer’s main memory and assigning memory block (space) to various running programs to optimize overall computer performance. The Memory management involves the allocation of specific memory blocks to individual programs based on user demands. At the application level, memory management ensures the availability of adequate memory for each running program at all times.

The objective of Memory Management process is to improve both the utilization of the CPU and the speed of the computer’s response to its users via main memory. For these reasons the computers must keep several programs in main memory that associates with many different Memory Management schemes.

The Operating System is responsible for the following activities in connection with memory management:

1. Keeping track of which portion of memory are currently being used and who is using them.
2. Determining which processes (or parts of processes) and data to move in and out of memory.
3. Allocation and de – allocation of memory blocks as needed by the program in main memory. (Garbage Collection)

Question 5.
Explain process Management.
Answer:
Process Management:
Process management is function that includes creating and deleting processes and providing mechanisms for processes to communicate and synchronize with each other. A process is the unit of work (program) in a computer. A word processing program being run by an individual user on a computer is a process. A system task, such as sending output to a printer or screen, can also be called as a Process.

A computer consists of a collection of processes, they are classified as two categories:

1. Operating System processes which is executed by system code.
2. User Processes which is execute by user code.

All these processes can potentially execute concurrently on a single CPU. A process needs certain resources including CPU time, memory, files and I/O devices to finish its task.

The Operating System is responsible for the following activities associated with the process management:

1. Scheduling processes and threads on the CPUs.
2. Creating and deleting both user and system processes.
3. Suspending and resuming processes.
4. Providing mechanisms for process synchronization.
5. Providing mechanisms for process communication.

The following algorithms are mainly used to allocate the job (process) to the processor.

1. FIFO
2. SJF
3. Round Robin
4. Based on Priority