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You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.11

Question 1.

Solution:
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 2.

Solution:

Question 3.

Solution:

Question 4.
Simplify and hence find the value of n : 3²ⁿ9²m^-n/3³ⁿ = 27
Solution:

Question 5.
Find the radius of the spherical tank whose volume is 32π/3 units.
Solution:

Question 6.

Solution:

Question 7.

Solution:

Question 8.

Solution:

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.11 Additional Questions Solved

Question 1.
Simplify (343)^2/3
Solution:

Question 2.

Solution:

Question 3.

Solution:

Question 4.

Solution:

squaring on both sides

Question 5.

Solution:

L.C.M. of 2 and 3 is 6 & Raising to the power 6

since constant term is – 28
we can have a factor as (x ± 2) or (x ± 4) or (x ± 7)
By trial and error method we find that (x – 7) is a factor

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Homographs, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Homographs

Homographs are words (usually a pair) that are spelled alike but differ in meaning. They may or may not be pronounced the same way.

Homo­graphs	Meaning 1	Meaning 2
affect	to change	a person’s emotions
alternate	to switch back and forth	the second choice
attribute	a characteristic	to give regard to
bass	a type of a fish/the low tones of music or a stringed instrument which plays low tones bow	a device to shoot an arrow/to bend one’s head down or the front of a ship
buffet	a blow or be affected by blows	a large sideboard or a self-served meal of various dishes
close	to be near	to shut
combine	a farming machine which threshes	to put together
conduct	one’s behavior	to lead (oops there is another one) such as a symphony
content	to be satisfied	that which is contained within
contest	to compete in a match of skills	make an argument against something
convert	to change one’s belief system	one whose belief system has been changed
converse	to talk	the opposite
convict	a prisoner	to find one guilty of a charge
deliberate	to carefully consider	to purposely do
desert	to abandon	an arid or barren area
digest	to convert food to simpler compounds	to condense a written work
do	the first tone of the diatonic scale	to accomplish
dove	a bird	to have jumped off
drawer	one who draws	a boxlike compartment that pushes in and pulls out
entrance	an entryway	to put into a trance
excuse	to pardon or forgive	an explanation offered to justify or obtain forgiveness
gyro	short for gyroscope	a type of sandwich with roasted lamb
house	a dwelling	to provide living quarters
intimate	personal	to hint
laminate	to make in layers	a composite made of layers
lead	to guide	a soft dense metal
live	verb meaning to have life	adjective meaning to have life or being on
minute	small	sixty seconds
moderate	of medium or average quality	to preside or direct
number	a mathematical integer like 1, 2, 3,…	to deprive of further feeling
object	something perceptible	to dissent
pasty	medium consistency	a meat pie
perfect	to make correct	that which is correct
permit	to allow something to be done	a document giving permission
present	a gift or that which is happening now	to give a talk or demonstration
produce	vegetables	to bring forth
project	to thrust outward	a plan or housing development
putting	to hit a golf ball on a green	to place in a specific location
rebel	to resist	one who resists
record	to write down	a list or phonograph disk
recreation	a leisurely pastime	to remake
reside	to live in a place	to change a side
resign	to quit	to sign again
row	a series of objects in a straight line	a fight
sake	purpose	a Japanese rice drink
secrete	to generate	to conceal
separate	to divide into groups	disunited or a garment
sewer	one who sews	a conduit for transporting sewage
slough	a swamp	to shed
sow	to scatter seeds	an adult female hog
subject	the theme or topic	to force one’s will onto another
tear	liquid drops secreted by the eye	to pull apart
wind	to encircle	moving air
wound	to have been wrapped in a circular manner	an injury

Students can Download Commerce Chapter 12 Functions of Commercial Banks Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Solutions Chapter 12 Functions of Commercial Banks

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Functions of Commercial Banks Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer
Question 1.
Electronic banking can be done through ………………
(a) Computers
(b) Mobile phones
(c) ATM
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2.
Minimum how much amount can be transferred through RTGS?
(a) Any amount
(b) 50,000
(c) 2 lakh
(d) 5 lakh
Answer:
(c) 2 lakh

Question 3.
The largest commercial bank of India is ………………
(a) ICICI
(b) SBI
(c) PNB
(d) RBI
Answer:
(b) SBI

Question 4.
In which kind of account, it is compulsory to deposit a certain amount at a certain time?
(a) Saving deposit
(b) Fixed deposit
(c) Current deposit
(d) Recurring deposit
Answer:
(d) Recurring deposit

Question 5.
Which of the following is not a type of advance provided by a commercial bank?
(a) Collecting and supplying business information
(b) Overdraft
(c) Cash credit
(d) Discounting of bills
Answer:
(a) Collecting and supplying business information

II. Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What is Mobile Banking?
Answer:
Most of the commercial banks have designed computer programs called apps with this app in the smartphone a customer can operate his account transactions from anywhere. This service is known as mobile banking.

Question 2.
Briefly explain the need for a Debit card.
Answer:
An ATM card is also called a debit card. This card is more useful in the purchase of goods and services anywhere in India if the shop maintains a swiping machine facility.

Question 3.
Briefly explain the term – Credit card.
Answer:
Banks issue credit cards to customers and other eligible persons. With this card, the holder can purchase goods and services on credit at any shop in India. If the dues are paid within the stipulated time no interest is charged. The credit limit is fixed by the issuing bank based on the income of the cardholder.

Question 4.
What do you mean by ATM?
Answer:
The Auto Mated Teller Machine is a machine built into the wall of a bank or other building which allows people to take out money from their bank account by using the ATM card given by their bank. Nowadays debit cards are used as ATM cards.

Question 5.
Write a note on – ECS.
Answer:
Electronic Clearing Service (ECS) was launched by the RBI in 1995. It is an electronic method of fund transfer from a bank to another bank.

III. Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What is E-Banking?
Answer:
Using electronic means funds can be transferred directly from one account to another, rather than by cheque or cash. It helps to have easy and safe access to the bank account. The main advantage of e-banking is using our own computer and personal finance software to coordinate the total personal financial management process leads to prompt financial analysis and decision-making process.

Question 2.
Write a short note on – RTGS.
Answer:
Real-Time Gross Settlement Systems (RTGS) was launched by the RBI in 2013. The transactions are settled on real time basis. Gross settlement means the transaction is settled between one bank and another bank without adding any other transactions.

Question 3.
Briefly explain the Diversified banking services of commercial banks.
Answer:
The diversified financial services rendered by commercial banks are purely other than banking services. It is also called universal banking.
It includes the following services:

• Bank Assurance: It refers to the offering of insurance policies by a bank in association with another insurance company.
• Merchant banking: It may offer services like project counseling, underwriting, etc. required for starting a company.
• Retail Banking (Personal Banking): It refers to mass-market banking which reaches out to a large number of individual end customers.
• Housing Finance: It is provided against the security of the immovable property of land and buildings.
• Mutual Fund: Helps the investors to invest in diversified portfolio securities.
• Venture Capital Fund Provides start-up share capital to new ventures of private business.
• Factoring: It is a continuing arrangement between the financial intermediary(factor) and a business concern(client).

Question 4.
Explain NEFT.
Answer:
National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) was launched by the RBI in 2005. Under this electronic funds transfer system, the bulk transfer of transactions is settled in batches during specific timings across India. Individuals and institutions which maintain accounts with an NEFT enabled bank branch are eligible for using NEFT.

Question 5.
What do you mean by Core Banking Solutions?
Answer:
‘CORE’ stands for ‘Centralized Online Real-time Exchange’. In the centralized server of the bank, all the details of all the accounts of all the branches of the bank are available. A customer can withdraw money through a cheque at any branch of that bank throughout the similarly anyone can deposit money into the account.

The entry of the transactions is recorded in the centralized server of the bank in real-time and can be seen in all the branches of the bank. This facility is called core banking solutions.

IV. Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
Discuss the various primary functions performed by the commercial banks.
Answer:
The primary functions of a commercial bank are of three types. They are:

1. Accepting Deposits
2. Granting Loans and Advances
3. Creation of Credit

1. Accepting Deposits: The basic deposit accounts offered by commercial banks are listed below. Broadly deposit accounts can be classified into demand deposits and time deposits.

A. Demand Deposits: These deposits are repayable on demand on any day. This consists of savings deposits and current deposits.

a. Savings Deposits: General public deposits their savings into this account. This account can be opened in one individual’s name or more than one name.
b. Current Deposits: This account is suitable for business institutions. Individuals too can open this account. A higher minimum balance should be kept in this account.

B. Time Deposits: These include fixed deposits and recurring deposits which are repayable after a period.

a. Fixed Deposits (FD): Certain amount is deposited for a fixed period for a fixed rate of interest.
b. Recurring Deposits (RD): Certain sum is deposited into the account every month for one year or five years or the agreed period. Interest rate is more than savings deposits and almost equal to fixed deposits.

Granting Loans and Advances: The second primary function of commercial banks is lending money in order to earn interest income.

A. Advances
a. Overdraft: It is a credit facility extended mostly to the current account holding business community customers.
b. Cash Credit: It is a secured credit facility given mostly to business institutions. Stock in hand, raw materials, other tangible assets, etc. are provided as collateral.
c. Discounting of Bills: Business customers approach banks to discount the commercial bills of exchanges and provide money.

B. Loans:
Short-term and medium-term loans are provided by commercial banks against eligible collateral to business concerns.

• Housing Loan
• Consumer Loans
• Vehicle Loans
• Educational Loan
• Jewel Loan

3. Creation of Credit: Apart from the currency money issued by the RBI, the credit money in circulation created by commercial banks influence the economic activities of a country to a large extent. Credit money of commercial banks is far greater in volume than the currency money.

Question 2.
Explain the various secondary functions of commercial banks.
Answer:
Apart from the basic function, the commercial banks render various other services. These services can be broadly classified into agency services and general utility services. They are:
Agency functions:
Banks act as agents of customers and provide certain services. They are called agency functions which are as follows:
Transfer of funds

• Periodic payment of premiums, rent, etc.
• Collection and payment of cheques
• Acting as Executors, trustees, and Attorneys
• Conduct share market transactions
• Preparation of Income Tax Return
• Dealing in Foreign Exchange
• Acting as correspondent

General Utility Function:
In addition to the various functions, the commercial banks offer some services for the general welfare of the customers. They are as follows:

• Issue of demand drafts and banker’s cheques
• Accepting bills of exchange on behalf of the customers
• Safety locker
• Letters of credit
• Traveler’s cheques
• Gift cheques
• Reference services.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Cooperative Organisation Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question 1.
The primary functions of a commercial bank are of ……………. types.
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Answer:
(c) Three

Question 2.
FD is also called ……………. deposit.
(a) RD
(b) Savings
(c) Term
(d) Current
Answer:
(c) Term

Question 3.
Overdraft facility is given ……………. account holders.
(a) Savings
(b) Current
(c) Fixed
(d) Recurring
Answer:
(b) Current

Question 4.
Electronic Clearing Services (ECS) was launched by the RBI in …………….
(a) 1995
(b) 1998
(c) 1990
(d) 1991
Answer:
(a) 1995

Question 5.
National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) was launched by the RBI in …………….
(a) 1995
(b) 2000
(c) 2005
(d) 2010
Answer:
(c) 2005

II. Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Give the features of Smart card.
Answer:
Nowadays smart card is used for day to day purposes.

1. Strong device security.
2. Biometrics

Question 2.
What is Internet Banking?
Answer:
Internet banking refers to performing banking operations through the internet, using computers and mobile phones.

Question 3.
What is Capital Formation?
Answer:
Banks encourage savings habit among people and accumulate their small dormant savings. These funds can be fruitfully channelized for the productive purposes of the economy.

Case Study

Question 1.
A person forgot his password or Debit card, How to get a password? Give guidelines to him.
Answer:
The first step we ask for his registered phone number in the bank. If he has given a phone number, we can get a one-time password through the registered phone number and get a new password easily.

The second step, he can get the password with the mobile in the ATM also. He has to insert the debit card into the ATM machine. It will ask for the password. If he has forgotten the password, it will ask for the phone number. If he types the phone number, he can get a new password from the bank through his mobile number.

Third step: He can ask the branch manager, who will guide him properly and help him get the new password.

Students can Download Commerce Chapter 15 Insurance Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Solutions Chapter 15 Insurance

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Insurance Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer

Question 1.
The basic principle of insurance is …………….
(a) Insurable Interest
(b) Co – operation
(c) Subrogation
(d) Proximate cause
Answer:
(a) Insurable Interest

Question 2.
……………. is not a type of general insurance.
(a) Marine Insurance
(b) Life Insurance
(c) Fidelity Insurance
(d) Fire Insurance
Answer:
(b) Life Insurance

Question 3.
Which of the following is not a function of insurance?
(a) Lending Funds
(b) Risk sharing
(c) Assist in capital formation
(d) Protection of life
Answer:
(d) Protection of life

Question 4.
Which of the following in not applicable in insurance contract?
(a) Unilateral contract
(b) Conditional contract
(c) Indemnity contract
(d) Inter – personal contract
Answer:
(c) Indemnity contract

Question 5.
Which one of the following is a type of marine insurance?
(a) Money back
(b) Mediclaim
(c) Hull insurance
(d) Cargo insurance
Answer:
(d) Cargo insurance

II. Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
List any five important types of policies.
Answer:

1. Life Insurance (or) Life Assurance
2. Non-life Insurance (or) General Insurance
3. Fire Insurance
4. Marine Insurance
5. Health Insurance

Question 2.
What is health insurance?
Answer:
In the mid-’80s, most of the hospitals in India were government-owned and treatment was free of cost. With the advent of Private Medical Care, the need for Health Insurance was felt and various Insurance Companies introduced Health Insurance as a Product. Presently the health insurance exists primarily in the form of ‘Mediclaim policy’.

III. Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Define Insurance.
Answer:
“Insurance is a plan by themselves which a large number of people associate and transfer to the shoulders of all, the risk that attacks to individuals” – According to John Merge.

Question 2.
Give the meaning of crop insurance.
Answer:
This policy is to provide financial support to farmers in case of crop failure due to drought or flood. It generally covers all risks of loss or damages relating to the production of rice, wheat, millets, oilseeds, and pulses, etc.

Question 3.
Write a note on IRDAI.
Answer:
IRDAI – Insurance Regulatory Development and Authority of India is the statutory, independent and apex body that governs, regulates, and supervises the Insurance Industry in India. It was constituted in the year 2000 by the Parliament of India act called IRDAI Act, 1999. Presently IRDAI headquarters is in Hyderabad.

IV. Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
Explain the various types of Insurance.
Answer:
The insurance covers various types of risks. All. contract of insurance can be broadly classified as follows:

1. Life Insurance (or) Life Assurance
2. Non – life Insurance (or) General Insurance

It can be further classified into:

1. Fire Insurance
2. Marine Insurance
3. Health Insurance and
4. Miscellaneous Insurance.

1. Life Insurance:
Life Insurance may be defined as a contract in which the insurance company called insurer undertakes to insure the life of a person called assured in exchange of a sum of money called a premium which may be paid in one lump sum or monthly, quarterly, half yearly or yearly and * promises to pay a certain sum of money either on the death of the assured or on expiry of certain period.

2. Non – Life Insurance or General insurance:
It refers as insurance not related to humans but related to properties.

3. Fire Insurance:
Fire insurance is a contract whereby the insurer, in consideration of the premium paid, undertakes to make good any loss or damage caused by a fire during a specified period upto the amount specified in the policy.

4. Marine Insurance:
Marine insurance is a contract of insurance under which the insurer undertakes to indemnify the insured in the manner and to the extent thereby agreed against marine losses. The insured pays the premium in consideration of the insurer’s (underwriter’s) guarantee to make good the losses arising from marine perils or perils of the sea.

5. Health Insurance:
In the mid-’80s, most of the hospitals in India were government-owned and treatment was free of cost. With the advent of Private Medical Care, the need for Health Insurance was felt and various Insurance Companies introduced Health Insurance as a Product. Presently the health insurance exists primarily in the form of ‘Mediclaim policy’.

Question 2.
Explain the principles of insurance.
Answer:
Insurance was started to distributed risk among a group of people. Co-operation is the basis behind every Insurance contract.
The following are the important principles of Insurance:
Utmost Good faith:
According to this principle, both insurer and insured should enter into a contract in good faith. Insured should provide all the information that impacts the subject matter. The insurer should provide all the details regarding the insurance contract. Both the insurer and the insured should display good faith towards each other in regard to the contract.

Insurable Interest:
The insured must have an insurable interest in the subject matter of insurance. Insurable interest means some pecuniary interest in the subject matter of the insurance contract. The insured must have an interest in the preservation of the thing or life insured so that they will suffer financially on the happening of the event against which they are insured.

Indemnity:
Indemnity means security or compensation against loss or damages. In insurance, the insured would be compensated with the amount equivalent to the actual loss and not the amount exceeding the loss. This principle ensures that the insured does not make any profit out of the insurance. This principle of indemnity is applicable to property insurance alone.

Causa Proxima:
The word ‘Causa Proxima’ means ‘nearest cause’. According to this principle, when the loss is the result of two or more causes, the proximate cause, i.e. the direct. The direct, the most dominant, and most effective cause of a loss should be taken into consideration. The insurance company is not liable for the remote cause.

Contribution:
The same subject matter may be insured with more than one insurer then it is known as ‘Double Insurance’. In such a case, the insurance claim to be paid to the insured must be shared on contributed by all insurers in proportion to the sum assured by each one of them. It may be noted that in the case of multiple insurances, the insured can claim the loss from any of the insurers subject to the condition that the insured cannot recover more than the amount of actual loss from all taken together.

Question 3.
Discuss the causes of risk.
Answer:
Business risks arise due to a variety of causes, which are classified as follows:
Natural Causes:
Human beings have little control over natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, lightning, heavy rains, famine, etc. These result in heavy loss of life, property, and income in the business.

Human Causes:
Human causes include such unexpected events as dishonesty, carelessness or negligence of employees, stoppage of work due to power failure, strikes, riots, management inefficiency, etc.

Economic Causes
These include uncertainties relating to demand for goods, competition, price, collection of dues from customers, change of technology or method of production, etc. Financial problems like rising in interest rates for borrowing, levy of higher taxes, etc., also come under this type of causes as they result in the higher unexpected cost of operation of the business.

Other Causes
These are unforeseen events like political disturbances, mechanical failures such as the bursting of the boiler, fluctuations in exchange rates, etc. which lead to the possibility of business risks.

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Commerce Insurance Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question 1.
Presently IRDAI headquarters is in ……………..
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Chennai
(c) Mumbai
(d) Delhi
Answer:
(a) Hyderabad

Question 2.
‘Stepping the shoes on others’ means ……………..
(a) Subrogation
(b) Contribution
(c) Nearest cause
(d) Indemnity
Answer:
(b) Contribution

II. Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What do you mean by Cargo Insurance?
Answer:
When a marine insurance policy is taken by the cargo owner to be compensated for loss caused to his cargo during the journey, it is known as cargo insurance.

Question 2.
What is Hull or ship insurance?
Answer:
When a ship is insured against any type of danger, it is known as hull insurance. This policy is taken to indemnify the insured for losses caused by damage to the ship.

III. Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What are the objectives of IRDAI?
Answer:

1. To promote the interest and rights of policyholders.
2. To promote and ensure the growth of the Insurance Industry.
3. To ensure speedy settlement of genuine claims and to prevent frauds and malpractices.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Error Spotting, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Error Spotting

Spot the errors in the following sentences and correct them:

Question 1.
He gave me a one-rupee note, (article error)
Answer:
He gave me a one-rupee note.

Question 2.
Though she is weak but she is active, (double conjunction)
Answer:
Though she is weak, she is active.

Question 3.
She kept the book in the table, (prepositional error)
Answer:
She kept the book on the table.

Question 4.
One of the boy has got the first prize, (subject-verb agreement)
Answer:
One of the boys has got the first prize.

Question 5.
Sylvester went to abroad, (deletion of the preposition)
Answer:
Sylvester went abroad.

Question 6.
Guilty must be punished.(missing article)
Answer:
The Guilty must be punished.

Question 7.
If they had contacted me I would help them. (Type III Conditional)
Answer:
If they had contacted me I would have helped them.

Question 8.
My father gave me a lot of advices, (singular-plural error)
Answer:
My father gave me a lot of advice.

Question 9.
He took up gymnastics when he was seven years old. (spelling error)
Answer:
He took up gymnastics when he was seven years old.

Question 10.
A group of twelve students are travelling together, (collective noun takes singular verb)
Answer:
A group of twelve students is travelling together.

Question 11.
If I was a bird, I would fly. (Type I Conditional)
Answer:
If I were a bird, I would fly.

Question 12.
He is my cousin brother, (usage error)
Answer:
He is my cousin.

Question 13.
Children prefer sweets than fruits, (‘to’ is used to compare just two subjects)
Answer:
Children prefer sweets to fruits.

Question 14.
John is best student in the class, (absence of the definite article)
Answer:
John is the best student in the class.

Question 15.
The principal with all the teachers are present, (subject-verb agreement)
Answer:
The principal with all the teachers is present.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Sentence Transformation, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Sentence Transformation

The table given below contains the basic principles to transform the sentences:

Simple	Complex (sub-ordinating conjunction)	Ccompound (co-ordinating conjunction)
too ………………………………. to	so ………………………………. that	Very ………………………………. and so
In the case of/in the event of	If / Unless ………………………………. (not)	or, or else, otherwise
In spite of / Despite+Noun phrase	Though/although/even though	but, yet, still
Being, Having On+verb+ing (gerund) Till, after, before+’v’ing

Transform the sentences according to the instructions given in the bracket:

Question 1.
The boy was very hungry, so he ate the whole cake, (change into a simple sentence)
Answer:
Being very hungry, the boy ate the whole cake.

Question 2.
Though the lizard made several attempts, it could not catch the spider. (change into a compound sentence)
Answer:
The lizard made several attempts yet it could not catch the spider.

Question 3.
The lady was very ill. She could not go to the office. (Change into a complex sentence)
Answer:
As the lady was ill, she could not go to the office.

Question 4.
The doctor made several attempts. He could not save the old man. (Change into a simple sentence)
Answer:
In spite of making several attempts, the doctor could not save the old man.

Question 5.
She was bold. So, she became an astronaut. (Change into a simple sentence)
Answer:
Being bold, she became an astronaut.

Question 6.
As it rained heavily, the schools were closed, (change into a compound sentence)
Answer:
It rained heavily and so the schools were closed.

Question 7.
She was very tired. She couldn’t walk. (Change into a simple sentence)
Answer:
She was too tired to walk.

Question 8.
He burnt his midnight oil. Yet, he did not clear his CA examination with distinction. (Change into a complex sentence)
Answer:
Even though/Although/Though he burnt his midnight oil, he did not clear his CA examination with distinction.

Question 9.
The master was very angry. He shouted at the sleeping watchman. (Change into a simple sentence)
Answer:
Being very angry, the master shouted at the sleeping watchman.

Question 10.
Though the leader made many efforts, he could not bring unity among the party cadres. (Change into a compound sentence)
Answer:
The leader made many attempts but he could not bring unity among the party cadres.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Reported Speech, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Reported Speech

A. Write what the people actually said:
1. The teacher told the students that the students had done very well in the test.
The teacher said to the students, “You have done very well in the test”.

2. The Prime Minister said that he was determined to abolish poverty.
The Prime Minister said, “I am determined to abolish poverty”.

3. All holy scriptures advise us to do our duty without worrying about the result.
All holy scriptures say, “Do your duty without worrying about the result”.

4. The teacher asked me whether I was going to join the medical course or the engineering
The teacher said to me, “Are you going to join the Medical course or Engineering course?”

5. Shyam’s grandfather advised him not to waste his time in unnecessary activities.
Shyam’s grandfather said to him, “Don’t waste your time in unnecessary activities”.

6. The fairy exclaimed that the woodcutter was very greedy.
“What a greedy woodcutter!” the fairy said.

7. The teacher asked the students not to look at their neighbor.
The teacher said to the students, “Don’t look at your neighbor”.

8. The collector ordered the clerk to prepare the report that day itself.
The collector said to the clerk, “Prepare the report today itself.”

B. Report the actual words of the speaker:

1. “I do not know who has taken my wallet,” said Mohan to his brother.
Mohan told his brother that he did not know who had taken his wallet.

2. Jeevan said to his teacher, “ I cannot understand this lesson. Will you teach it to me again?”
Jeevan told his teacher that he could not understand that lesson and asked if she/he would ‘ teach that to him again.

3. Kumar said to me, “My bicycle looks better than yours.”
Kumar told me that his bicycle looked better than his.

4. The teacher said to Sameer, “Have you completed your assignment?”
The teacher asked Sameer if/whether he had completed his homework.

5. The teacher said to the girls, “Where do you want to go for a one-day trip?”
The teacher asked the girls where they wanted to go for a one-day trip.

6. The boy said to his mother, “When will you buy me an ice-cream?”
The boy asked his mother when she would buy him ice-cream.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Conditional Clause, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Conditional Clause

Definition of a conditional clause
A conditional clause is a type of subordinate clause, most commonly introduced by the conjunction ‘if’ or ‘unless’. Like most subordinate clauses introduced by a conjunction, the conditional clause can either go before the main clause, or after it.

Example: If I have enough money (conditional clause), I will go to Japan (main clause).

First, Second, and Third Conditional:

1. First conditional: If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.
2. Second conditional: If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
3. Third conditional: If I had, had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.

Learn the following structures and learn the verbs:
1. If you study well, you will get centum
As per the aforesaid structures do the following exercises:

1. Put the milk in the fridge. It will go sour.
If you don’t put the milk in the fridge, it will go sour.
Or
If you put the milk in the fridge, it will not go sour.

2. Close the door. The stray dog will not enter the home.
If you close the door, the stray dog will not enter the home.
Or
If you don’t close the door, the stray dog will enter the home.

3. Work part-time. You will earn while you learn.
If you work part time, you will earn while you learn.

4. I were an angel. I could make honest people rich.
If I were an angel, I could make honest people rich.

5. I were his teacher. I would teach him to be respectful to women.
If I were his teacher, I would teach him to be respectful to women.

6. You talk ill of others. Others will talk ill of you naturally.
If you talk ill of others, others will talk ill of you naturally.

7. You waste drinking water now. There will be scarcity of potable water in future.
If you waste drinking water now, there will be scarcity of potable water in future.

8. He persisted. He would win.
If he persisted, he would win.

9. We reduce the use of fossil fuels. There will be less pollution.
If we reduce the use of fossil fuels, there will be less pollution.

10. I had the wings of a bird. I would fly abroad without a passport.
If I had the wings of a bird, I would fly abroad without a passport.

11. I had the power. I would eliminate poverty in the world.
If I had the power, I would eliminate poverty in the world.

12. I had rescued the baby. People would have called me a hero.
If I had rescued the baby, people would have called me a hero.

13. I were you. I would not incur Sasi’s displeasure.
If I were you, I would not incur Sasi’s displeasure.

14. You value your life. Leave the child unharmed.
If you value your life, leave the child unharmed.

15. It rains. I shall stay at home.
If it rains, I shall stay at home.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Active and Passive Voice, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Active and Passive Voice

There are two ways of expressing an action by using a transitive verb.
Read the following sentences:

• Magesh killed a rat.
• A rat was killed by Magesh.

These two sentences have the same meaning. These are simply two different ways of saying the same thing. There is, however, a shift in stress on the agent and also a change in the form of verb.

In sentence (i), the subject ‘Magesh’ is the ‘doer’ of the action. It acts or is active. So the verb ’’killed’’ is in active voice.

In sentence (ii), the subject ‘A raf is the ‘receiver’ of action. It suffers the action done by someone else (Magesh, in this case). It is acted upon. So the verb ‘was killed’ is in passive voice.

A. Rewrite the following sentences using passive voice:
1. Mala will enjoy the vacation in Kodaikanal.
The vacation in Kodaikanal will be enjoyed by Mala.

2. Our friends must have triggered this quarrel.
This quarrel must have been triggered by our friends.

3. The police has verified the truth of his testimony.
The truth of his testimony has been verified by the police.

4. Circumstances will oblige Mr. Rao to quit his post.
Mr. Rao will be obliged by the circumstances to quit his post.

5. Someone pinched Peter’s wallet in the train.
Peter’s wallet has been pinched by someone in the train.

6. How have you solved the puzzle? .
How has the puzzle been solved by you?

7. The drunkards created nuisance during the marriage party.
Nuisance was created by the drunkards during the marriage party.

8. Is it possible to buy LED TV in installments with 0% interest?
Can LED TV be bought in installments with 0% interest?

9. Who taught you such a rude behaviour?
By whom were you taught such a rude behaviour?

10. One must endure what is incurable.
What can’t be cured has to be endured.
A heart specialist must be necessarily consulted now.

B. Rewrite the following sentences using active voice:

1. Have you ever been refused a loan before by any bank?
Has any bank refused a loan before to you?

2. Was my data card seen by you?
Did you see my data card?

3. We are taught English excellently by Mr. Henry.
Mr. Henry teaches us English excellently.

4. Shall I be taken to the Taj Mahal?
Will you take me to the Taj Mahal?

5. The earth is said to be flat by some.
Some say that the earth is flat.

6. Why should she be suspected by you?
Why should you suspect her?

7. This technical work could have been done only by an adult.
Only an adult could have done this technical work.

8. Those who help themselves are helped by God.
God helps those who help themselves.

9. A village is ravaged by a cyclone occasionally.
A cyclone ravages a village occasionally.

10. Let the boats are lowered and the drowning man is rescued.
Lower the boats and rescue the drowning man.

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Prepositions, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Learn the Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar to enhance your grammar skills like reading comprehension, passage writing, parts of speech, tenses, passive and active voice, and many other concepts in no time.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Grammar Prepositions

Choose the appropriate preposition to complete the sentence:

Question 1.
The driver jumped …………………… the burning bus.
(a) from
(b) down
(c) up
Answer:
(a) from

Question 2.
He handed over the answer script …………………… the warning bell.
(a) behind
(b) over
(c) before
Answer:
(c) before

Question 3.
The cheetah jumped …………………… the fence and entered the city.
(a) through
(b) against
(c) over
Answer:
(c) over

Question 4.
Human sacrifices were practiced …………………… the aborigines of Africa.
(a) with
(b) for
(c) by
Answer:
(c) by

Question 5.
The lady has been missing …………………… last week.
(a) from
(b) since
(c) on
Answer:
(b) since

Question 6.
They picked the flowers …………………… great care.
(a) between
(b) along
(c) with
(c) with

Question 7.
Ramesh went …………………… Tom’s place to settle the bills.
(a) to
(b) on
(c) in
Answer:
(a) to

Question 8.
Deva has promised to come …………………… us for the picture.
(a) for
(b) along
(c) with
Answer:
(c) with

Question 9.
People are attracted more …………………… Diana’s kindness than her riches.
(a) from
(b) towards
(c) of
(b) towards

Question 10.
He walked …………………… with him in the forest for another 15 km.
(a) along
(b) towards
(c) on
Answer:
(a) along

Question 11.
She was carried away …………………… his promises.
(a) by
(b) during
(c) of
Answer:
(a) by

Question 12.
He saw the train moving …………………… the lady with a cell phone on the track.
(a) for
(b) beneath
(c) towards
Answer:
(c) towards

Question 13.
My boss was quite satisfied …………………… the outcome of the new executive’s work.
(a) in
(b) with
(c) of
Answer:
(b) with

Question 14.
She laughed till the tears ran …………………… her cheeks.
(a) down
(b) with
(c) on
Answer:
(a) down

Question 15.
He tried to complete the project …………………… all his resources.
(a) for
(b) in
(c) with
Answer:
(c) with

Question 16.
Ram was a thin, tall and handsome bachelor …………………… a Roman nose.
(a) far
(b) with
(c) of
Answer:
(b) with

Question 17.
They found the missing wallet …………………… the bench in the park.
(a) under
(b) for
(c) down
Answer:
(a) under

Question 18.
My friend has a great sense …………………… humour.
(a) of
(b) on
(c) with
Answer:
(a) of

Question 19.
Many people travel to Kerala to work …………………… small companies.
(a) in
(b) under
(c) on
Answer:
(a) in

Question 20.
Ragu leaves for work …………………… seven in the morning.
(a) beneath
(b) at
(c) from
Answer:
(b) at