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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Civics Solutions Chapter 4 India’s Foreign Policy
India’s Foreign Policy Textual Exercise
I. Choose the correct answer.
Question 1.
Which Minister plays a vital role in molding the foreign policy of our country?
(a) Defense Minister
(b) Prime Minister
(c) External Affairs Minister
(d) Home Minister
Answer:
(c) External Affairs Minister
Question 2.
The Panchseel treaty has been signed between:
(a) India and Nepal
(b) India and Pakistan
(c) India and China
(d) India and Sri Lanka
Answer:
(c) India and China
Question 3.
Which article of Indian constitution directs to adopt foreign policy?
(a) Article 50
(b) Article 51
(c) Article 52
(d) Article 53
Answer:
(b) Article 51
Question 4.
Apartheid is:
(a) An international association
(b) Energy diplomacy
(c) A policy of racial discrimination
(d) None of these
Answer:
(d) None of these
Question 5.
The Agreement signed by India and China in 1954 related to …………..
(a) Trade and Commerce
(b) Restoration of normal relations
(c) Cultural exchange programmes
(d) The Five Principles of Co-existence
Answer:
(d) The Five Principles of Co-existence
Question 6.
Which is not related to our foreign policy?
(a) World co-operation
(b) World peace
(c) Racial equality
(d) Colonialism
Answer:
(d) Colonialism
Question 7.
Which of the following country is not the founder member of NAM?
(a) Yugoslavia
(b) Indonesia
(c) Egypt
(d) Pakistan
Answer:
(d) Pakistan
Question 8.
Find the odd one:
(a) Social welfare
(b) Health care
(c) Diplomacy
(d) Domestic affairs
Answer:
(c) Diplomacy
Question 9.
Non-Alliance means ………..
(a) being neutral
(b) freedom to decide on issues independently
(c) demilitarisation
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(b) freedom to decide on issues independently
Question 10.
Non – military issues are:
(a) Energy security
(b) Water security
(c) Pandemics
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(d) All the above.
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. India conducted its first nuclear test at …………
2. At present our foreign policy acts as a means to generate ……….. for domestic growth and development.
3. ……….. is the instrument for implementing foreign policy of a state.
4. …………. was India’s policy in the face of the bipolar order of the cold war.
5. Our tradition and national ethos is to practice …………..
Answers:
1. Pokhran
2. inward investment, business and technology
3. Diplomacy
4. Non-Alignment
5. disarmament
III. Consider the following statement and tick the appropriate answer.
Question 1.
Arrange the following in the correct chronological order and choose the correct answer from the code given below.
(i) Panchsheel
(ii) Nuclear test at Pokhran
(iii) Twenty-year Treaty
(iv) First Nuclear test
(a) i, iii, iv, ii
(b) i, ii, iii, iv
(c) i, ii, iv, iii
(d) i, iii, ii, iv
Answer:
(c) i, ii, iv, iii
Question 2.
Which of the following is not about NAM?
(i) The term Non-Alignment was coined by V. Krishna Menon
(ii) It aimed to maintain national independence in foreign affairs by joining any military alliance
(iii) At present it has 120 member countries
(iv) It has transformed to an economical movement
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (iv) only
Answer:
(c) (ii) only
Question 3.
Write true or false against each of the statement.
(a) During Cold War India tried to form a third bloc of nations in the international affairs.
(b) The Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for the conduct of the country’s foreign relations.
(c) The nuclear test at Pokhran was done under Subterranean Nuclear Explosions Project.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True
Question 4.
Assertion (A): India aligned with Soviet Union by the Indo-Soviet treaty on 1971.
Reason (B): This began with a disastrous Indo-China war of 1962.
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is correct and R is Wrong
(d) Both A and R are wrong
Answer:
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
Question 5.
Assertion (A): India has formal diplomatic relations with most of the nations.
Reason (R): India is the World’s second-most populous country.
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is wrong and R is correct
(d) Both are wrong
Answer:
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
Question 6.
Avoidance of military blocs was a necessity for India after political freedom. Because India had to redeemed from
(a) acute poverty
(b) illiteracy
(c) chaotic socio-economic conditions
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
IV. Match the following.
| 1. | Indian Ocean island | (a) | 1955 |
| 2. | Landbridge to ASEAN | (b) | 1954 |
| 3. | Panchsheel | (c) | Maldives |
| 4. | Afro Asian Conference | (d) | Foreign Policy |
| 5. | World Peace | (e) | Myanmar |
Answer:
1. (c)
2. (e)
3. (b)
4. (a)
5. (d)
V. Give Short Answers.
Question 1.
What is foreign policy?
Answer:
Foreign policy can be defined as a country’s policy that is conceived, designed and formulated to safeguard and promote her national interests in her external affairs in the conduct of relationships with other countries, both bilaterally and multilaterally.
Question 2.
Explain India’s nuclear policy.
Answer:
Indian nuclear programme in 1974 and 1998 is only done for strategic purposes. The two themes of India’s nuclear doctrine are
• No first use
• Credible minimum deterrence
It has decided not to use nuclear power for ‘offensive purposes’ and would never use against any non-nuclear state.
Question 3.
Highlight the contribution by Nehru to India’s foreign policy.
Answer:
- The most idealistic phase of India’s foreign policy under the guidance of India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.
- The new nations that got independence after the long period of colonial struggle found themselves in a very difficult situation with respect to economic development.
- So it was necessary to align with either of the blocs – United States of America U.S.A (or) Union Soviet Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R).
Question 4.
Differentiate: Domestic policy and Foreign policy
Answer:
| Domestic Policy | Foreign Policy |
| Domestic policy is the nation’s plan for dealing issues within its own nation. | Foreign policy is the nation’s plan for dealing with other nations. |
| It includes laws focusing on domestic affairs, social welfare, health care, education, civil rights, economic issues and social issues. | Trade, diplomacy, sanctions, defence, intelligence and global environments are the types of foreign policy. |
Question 5.
List any four guiding principles of Panchsheel.
Answer:
- Mutual non – aggression
- Mutual non – interference
- Equality and co-operation for mutual benefit
- Peaceful co-existence
Question 6.
What was the reason for India to choose the path of Non-Alignment?
Answer:
The new nations that got independence after the long period of colonial struggle found themselves in a very difficult situation with respect to economic development. So it was necessary to align with either of the blocs – United States of America (USA) or United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR). Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister, was opposed to the rivalry of the two superpowers (America and Russia). So he chose the path of Non-Alignment.
Question 7.
In what ways are India’s global security concerns reflected?
Answer:
India’s global security concerns are reflected in its military modernisation, maritime security and nuclear policies.
Question 8.
List out the member countries of SAARC.
Answer:
The member countries are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Question 9.
Name the architects of the Non-Aligned movement.
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Tito of Yugoslavia, Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and KwameNkumarah of Ghana were the architects of Non Aligned Movement.
Question 10.
Mention the main tools of foreign policy.
Answer:
The main tools of foreign policy are treaties and executive agreements, appointing ambassadors, foreign aid, international trade and armed forces.
VI. Answer in detail.
Question 1.
Write a detailed note on Non-alignment.
Answer:
- The term ‘Non-Alignment’ was coined by V. Krishna Menon.
- Non-alignment has been regarded as the most important feature of India’s foreign policy.
- It aimed to maintain national independence in foreign affairs by not joining any military alliance.
- The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was formed with a membership of 120 countries and 17 states as observers and 10 international organisations.
The founding fathers of Non-Aligned Movement:
Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Tito of Yugoslavia, Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Kwame Nkumarah of Ghana were the founding fathers of NAM.
-
- Non-aligned countries have been successful in establishing a foundation of economic co-operation among underdeveloped countries.
Question 2.
Discuss the core determinants of India’s foreign policy?
Answer:
- Geographical position and size of territory.
- Nation’s history, traditions and philosophical basis.
- Natural resources.
- The compulsion of economic development.
- Political stability and structure of Government.
- The necessity of peace, disarmament and non – proliferation of nuclear weapons.
- Military strength
- International milieu.
Question 3.
Make a list on basic concepts followed by India to maintain friendly relations with its neighbours.
Answer:
(i) Indian foreign policy has always regarded the concept of neighbourhood as one of widening concentric circles, around the central axis of historical and cultural commonalties.
(ii) India gives political and diplomatic priority to her immediate neighbours and the Indian Ocean Island states such as Maldives.
(iii) India provides neighbours with support as needed in this form of resources equipment and training.
VII. Project and activity
Question 1.
Identify any two aspects of India’s foreign policy that you would like to retain and two that you would like to change if you were the decision maker.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
India’s Foreign Policy Additional Questions
I. Choose the correct answer.
Question 1.
India is a country with an unbounded faith in …………
(a) War
(b) Peace
(c) Love
Answer:
(b) Peace
Question 2.
Find out the main tools of the foreign policy of the following.
(a) Treaties
(b) International trade
(c) Foreign Aid
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 3.
Apartheid was abolished on …………
(a) 1990
(b) 1991
(c) 1890
Answer:
(a) 1990
Question 4.
In which place the Foreign Service Training Institute was established?
(a) New Delhi
(b) Mumbai
(c) Calcutta
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) New Delhi
Question 5.
Apartheid was abolished by …………..
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Gandhi
Answer:
(b) Nelson Mandela
Question 6.
In which year Panchsheel was signed?
(a) 1951
(b) 1952
(c) 1954
(d) 1956
Answer:
(c) 1954
Question 7.
SAARC’s first meeting was held at ………….
(a) Colombo
(b) Cairo
(c) Dacca
Answer:
(c) Dacca
Question 8.
Who was opposed to the rivalry of the two super powers? (America and Russia)
(a) V. Krishna Menon
(b) Nasser
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) None
Answer:
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
Question 9.
The first SAARC’s meeting was held at Dacca in the year …………..
(a) 1985
(b) 1965
(c) 1995
Answer:
(c) 1995
Question 10.
Which year did India conduct its first nuclear test at Pokhran?
(a) 1971
(b) 1972
(c) 1974
(d) 1976
Answer:
(c) 1974
II. Fill in the blanks :
1. India followed the policy of …………..
2. India has rendered whole-hearted support to the ………….. to bring World Peace.
3. ………….. is an economic and geopolitical organization of eight countries are particularly located in South Asia.
4. SAARC Disaster Management Centre was set up at ………….
5. …………policy is the nation’s plan for dealing issues within its own nation.
Answers:
1. Non-alignment
2. UNO
3. SAARC
4. New Delhi
5. Domestic
III. Match the following.
| 1. | Jawaharlal Nehru | (a) | Indonesia |
| 2. | Chou-En-Lai | (b) | Egypt . |
| 3. | Nelson Mandela | (c) | India |
| 4. | Nasser | (d) | China |
| 5. | Sukarno | (e) | South Africa |
Answer:
1. (c)
2. (d)
3. (e)
4. (b)
5. (a)
IV. Answer briefly:
Question 1.
Mention any three objectives of our Foreign Policy.
Answer:
- National security
- National prosperity
- Achieving world peace and enable every nation to peacefully co-exist.
Question 2.
Why is world peace an essential one?
Answer:
The economic development of the nations can be achieved only through world peace. So world peace is very essential not only for the economic development of India but also for all the developing countries of the world.
Question 3.
Explain the foreign policy stance of India?
Answer:
The foreign policy stance of India was:
- Supporting the cause of decolonisation.
- Staunch opponent of the apartheid regime in South Africa.
- Accepted the importance of defence preparedness.
Question 4.
Name the areas identified by the SAARC countries for mutual co-operations.
Answer:
The SAARC countries identified mutual co-operation in the following areas. They are transportation, postal service, tourism, shipping meteorology, health, agriculture, rural construction and telecommunications.
Question 5.
What are the two themes of India’s nuclear doctrine?
Answer:
The two themes of India’s nuclear doctrine are:
- No first use
- Credible minimum deterrence.
V. Detail.
Question 1.
Write a paragraph about Panchsheel and the policy of Non-alignment.
Answer:
Panchsheel:
India is called by the name of “A Great Peace Maker”. It followed five principles which are popularly known as ‘Panchsheel’. Jawaharlal Nehru said, stress on these five principles. They are:
- Each country should respect the territorial integrity and sovereignty of others.
- No country should attack any other country.
- No one should try to interference in the internal affairs of others.
- All countries shall strive for equality and mutual benefit.
- Every country should try to follow the policy of peaceful co-existence.
These Panchsheel greatly added to the international status of India.
Policy of Non-allignments:
- After the Second World War the world was divided into two hostile blocs. The
American Bloc and The Russian Bloc. - Both of them are trying to increase their influence at the cost of the other.
- But India has not joined either of these two blocs.
- Whenever any difference arises between there blocs, India tries to remove that difference. Thus India has contributed substantially towards world peace.
Question 2.
Write about policy of Disarmament.
Answer:
- Our tradition and national ethos is to practice disarmament.
- Since Independence, global non-proliferation has been a dominant theme of India’s nuclear policy.
- So India supported UN disarmament progrmme.
- Indian nuclear programme in 1974 and 1998 is only done for strategic purposes.
Question 3.
Point out the basic concepts of India’s foreign policy:
Answer:
- Preservation of national interest.
- Achievement of world peace.
- Disarmament
- Fostering cordial relationship with other countries.
- Solving conflicts by peaceful means.
- Independence of thought and action as per the principle of NAM.
- Equality in conducting international relations.
- Anti-Colonialism, anti-imperialism anti- racism.