Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 3 Chapter 3 Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 3 Chapter 3 Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
_________ is a event which causes enormous physical damage to property, loss of life
and change in the environment.
(a) Hazard
(b) Disaster
(c) Recovery
(d) Mitigation
Answer:
(a) and (b)
(a) Hazard
(b) Disaster

Question 2.
Activities that reduce the effects of disaster
(a) Preparation
(b) Response
(c) Mitigation
(d) Recovery
Answer:
(c) Mitigation

Question 3.
A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth’s crust is called an _________
(a) Tsunami
(b) Earthquake
(c) Fire
(d) Cyclone
Answer:
(b) Earthquake

Question 4.
A sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall is called _________
(a) Flood
(b) Cyclone
(c) Drought
(d) Seasons
Answer:
(a) Flood

Question 5.
Road accidents can be avoided by permitting the persons who have is _________ allowed to drive vehicle
(a) Ration card
(b) License
(c) permission
(d) Documents
Answer:
(b) License

II. Fill in the blanks

1. A hazard is a ______ event that can causes harm or damage to human and his property
2. Activities taken during a disaster is called ______
3. Displacement of water can produce one or more huge destructive waves known as ______
4. In case of fire accidents call the nearby police station or the no ______ for the fire service.
5. Disaster management refers to ______ of lives and property during a natural or man-made disaster.

Answer:

1. dangerous
2. Disaster management
3. Tsunami
4. 101
5. conservation

III. Match the following

Earthquake	–	Gigantic waves
Cyclone	–	Creak / Fault
Tsunami	–	Uneven rainfall
Industrial accident	–	Eye of the storm
Drought	–	Carelessness

Answer:

Earthquake	–	Creak / Fault
Cyclone	–	Eye of the storm
Tsunami	–	Gigantic waves
Industrial accident	–	Carelessness
Drought	–	Uneven rainfall

IV. Consider the following statement and tick the appropriate answer

Assertion (A) : In the modern world we can’t live happing everyday.
Reason (R) : Due to pollution and environmental degradation we are undergoing natural hazard and Disaster.
(a) A and R are correct and A explains R
(b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R
(c) A is not correct but R is correct
(d) Both A and R are in correct
Answer:
(b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth’s crust is called an Earthquake.
Reason (R) : Movement of the tectonic plates, mass wasting, surface fault all leads to earthquake
(a) A and R are correct and A explains R
(b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R
(c) A is in correct but R is correct
(d) Both A and R are in correct
Answer:
(b) A and R are correct but A does not explain R

V. Answer the following briefly

Question 1.
Define Hazard.
Answer:
A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury, health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods, services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage.

Question 2.
What is a disaster?
Answer:
A disaster can be generally defined as “A serious disruption in the society causing widespread material, economic, social or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources”.

Question 3.
What are the six concepts of the Disaster management cycle?
Answer:
Preparation, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery, and Development are the six Disaster management cycles.

Question 4.
Name any two agency which involves in the warring system in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1. TNSDMA
2. DDMA
3. SDRF

Question 5.
Waite about any three effects of the flood.
Answer:
Effects:

1. Loss of life and property,
2. Displacement of people and
3. The spread of contagious diseases such as cholera and Malaria etc.,

Question 6.
Give any four Rail safety tips.
Answer:

1. Stay alert. Trains can come from either direction at any time,
2. Never sit on the edge of the Station Platform,
3. Cross the tracks safely.

Question 7.
Name any four different industry which goes under industrial disaster frequently.
Answer:
Defense, Energy, Food, and Mining.

VI. Distinguish between

Question 1.
Earthquake and Tsunami.
Answer:

S. No	Earthquake	Tsunami
1.	A sudden movement or trembling of the earth’s crust is called an earthquake.	Huge destructive waves resulting in the displacement of water.
2.	It is caused due to the movement of tectonic plates, mass wasting landslides, surface fault, etc.	It is caused due to underwater earthquakes.
3.	Its aftermath leads to loss of property, damage to buildings, and loss of life.	It causes flooding and disrupts transportation power communication and water supply.

Question 2.
Flood and cyclone.
Answer:

S.No	Flood	Cyclone
1.	Sudden overflow of water in a large amount due to heavy rainfall, cyclone, melting of snow, Tsunami, or cloud/ dam burst.	A low-pressure area which is encircled by high-pressure wind is called a cyclone.
2.	It causes loss of life and property and leads to the spread of diseases such as cholera, malaria.	Effects include heavy rain strong wind, landfall leading to damage of life and property.

Question 3.
Hazard and Disaster.
Answer:

S.No	Hazard	Disaster
1.	A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may cause loss of life, injury, health impacts, social and economic disruption.	A disaster can be generally defined as “A serious disruption in the society causing widespread material, economic, social or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources”.
2.	Hazards are geophysical and biological.	Disasters are natural and man-made.

VII. Answer the following questions in detail

Question 1.
Write about the disaster management cycle.
Answer:
The six disaster management phases that have been used in the concept of the disaster cycle.
Pre-Disaster Phase:
Prevention and Mitigation:

• The use of the term reduction to describe protective or preventive actions.
• Mitigation embraces all measures taken to reduce both the effects of the hazard itself and the vulnerable conditions to it in order to reduce the scale of a future disaster.

Preparedness:
The process includes various measures that enable governments, communities, and individuals to respond rapidly to disaster situations to cope with them effectively.

early warning:
This is the process of monitoring the situation in communities or are known to be vulnerable to slow-onset hazards and passing the knowledge of the pending hazard to people harmless way.

The Disaster Impact:
This refers to the “real-time event of a hazard occurrence and affecting elements at risk.

During Disaster Phase:

Response:
The emergency relief activities were undertaken during and immediately following a disaster, which includes immediate relief, rescue, and the damage needs assessment and debris clearance.

The Post-Disaster Phase:
Recover, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction.

Question 2.
Write about flood its effects and the mitigation.
Answer.
Flood:
Sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall, cyclone, melting of snow, Tsunami, or a dam burst.
Effects:

• Loss of life and property
• Displacement of people
• Spread of contagious diseases such as Cholera and Malaria etc.

Question 3.
Write about any five general survival techniques.
Answer:

• During the earthquake be under the table, chair, kneel to the floor and protect yourself. Go near a sturdy wall, sit on the floor and hold the floor strongly and protect yourself. Use only torch lights,
• During flood forecast, store up necessary things like first aid etc. Listen to the local Radio / TV for instructions. Cut off all the electrical supplies during flood and earthquake,
• In case of fire accidents call fire service No. 101.
• If clothes are on fire, “Don’t Run; Stop, Drop and Roll,”
• Road accidents can be avoided by permitting the persons only who have license are allowed to drives. Learn, preach and practice safety rules during walking and driving along the road.

Question 4.
Write about the earthquake, its effects, and mitigation steps.
Answer:
Earthquake:

• A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth’s crust is called an earthquake.
• The movement of the tectonic plates, mass wasting, landslides, surface fault, etc., causes earthquakes.

Effects:

• Due to a strong earthquake, loss of lives, buildings, roads, bridges, and dams are damaged.
• Earthquake causes floods, tsunamis, landslides, fires, break down of water supply and electrical lines.
• It may change the course of a river too.

VIII. Hots

Question 1.
Why should we know about natural disasters?
Answer:

• To protect our belongings.
• To prevent loss of life.
• To create awareness among youngsters.
• To be stocked with food, water, medicine.
• To protect children and old age people.

Question 2.
Four places in India are prone to landslides.
Answer:

1. Western ghats and Konkan hills.
2. Darjeeling and Sikkim (NE Himalayas)
3. Northwest Himalayas (Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu, and Kashmir)
4. Eastern ghats (Araku region in Andhra Pradesh)

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Tsunami is derived from _____ word
(a) Japanese
(b) Chinese
(c) Arabic
(d) Persian
Answer:
(a) Japanese

Question 2.
______ is an earthquake-prone area.
(a) Gujarat
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Goa
(d) Tamil Nadu Assam
Answer:
(a) Gujarat

Question 3.
Fire involves _________ basic aspects.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(b) 3

Question 4.
A cyclone is are area of _________ pressure.
(a) high
(b) low
(c) medium
(d) none
Answer:
(b) low

Question 5.
Drought is an example for _________ hazard.
(a) fire
(b) flood
(c) natural
(d) earthquake
Answer:
(c) natural

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Natural hazards are the environment. the phenomenon that might have a negative impact on human or the environment
2. Natural hazards are classified into two broad categories
3. Hazards are termed as when they cause destruction to property and human lives.
4. A ________ pressure area circled by high pressure is called a cyclone.
5. Hurricane is a ______ hazard.

Answer:

1. natural
2. Geophysical, biological
3. low
4. disaster
5. natural

III. Match the following:

Question 1.

Hazard	–	a) forecasting weather
Disaster	–	b) reduce
Vulnerability	–	c) a dangerous event
Mitigate	–	d) severity
Meteorology	–	e) loss of life

Answer:

1. c
2. e
3. d
4. b
5. a

Question 2.

Trembling	–	a) Mental or emotional state of a person
Preventive	–	b) to stop fire or light
Extinguish	–	c) a serious, or dangerous situation
Emergency	–	d) stop something before it happens
Psychological	–	e) shaking or vibration

Answer:

1. e
2. d
3. b
4. c
5. a

IV. Answer the following briefly

Question 1.
Write a note on a stampede.
Answer:

1. The term stampede is a sudden rush of a crowd of people, usually resulting in injuries and death from suffocation and trampling.
2. It is believed that most major crowd disasters can be prevented by simple crowd management strategies.
3. Human stampedes can be prevented by organization and traffic control, such as barriers, following queues, and avoid the mass crowd.

Question 2.
Name the four aspects of fire. Ans. Fire involves 3 basic aspects
Answer:

1. Prevention
2. Detection and
3. Extinguishing

Question 3.
Why is disaster management necessary?
Answer:
Disaster Management is necessary or expedient for:

1. Prevention
2. Mitigation
3. Preparedness
4. Response
5. Recovery
6. Rehabilitation

Question 4.
Why mitigating the hazards essential?
Answer:
It is more cost-effective to mitigate the risks from natural disasters than to repair damage after the disaster. Hazard mitigation refers to any action or project that reduces the effects of future disasters.

Question 5.
What is disaster management?
Answer:
The systematic process of applying administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies, and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster is called Disaster Management.

V. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
Write about disaster management in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1. Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority (TNSDMA)is responsible for all measures for mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery are undertaken under the guidance and supervision of the Authority.
2. District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) is responsible for Disaster Management at the district level
3. Tamil Nadu State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) has been constituted with a strength of 80 Police PersonnelThey have been trained in disaster management and rescue operations in consultation with the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF).

Question 2.
Write about state disaster Management.
Answer:

1. State Disaster Management – Perspective plan – 2018 -2030 prepared by the Revenue and Disaster Management Department.
2. The hotline between the Indian Meteorological Department and the State Emergency Operation Centre is established and mitigation in the District is done through telephone, fax, and IP phones also available which connect the State with District Head Quarters, Taluks, and Blocks of the State.
3. Wireless radio network with both high frequency and very high frequency is also available in the State.

Expand the following:

1.	DST	Department and Technology
2.	DOS	Department of Space
3.	NDMA	National Disaster Management Authority
4.	NDRF	National Disaster Response Force
5.	TNSDMA	Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority
6.	DDMA	District Disaster Management Authority
7.	SDRI	State Disaster Response Force
8.	NIDM	National Institute of Disaster Management.