Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Grammar Preposition

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Grammar Preposition

Prepositions are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in front of nouns (sometimes also in front of gerund verbs).

There are hardly any rules as to when to use which preposition. The only way to learn prepositions is looking them up in a dictionary, reading a lot in English and learning useful phrases by heart.

The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:

Prepositions – Place Position And Direction

English	Usage	Example
in	room, building, street, town, country book, paper car, taxi picture, world	in the kitchen, in Chennai in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world
into	enter a room / a building	go into the kitchen / the house
at	meaning next to, by an object for a table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work
on	attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio	the picture on the wall Taj lies on the Yamuna, on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on the plane on TV, on radio
by, next to, beside	left or right of somebody or something	Jayan is standing by / next to/beside the car.
under	on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	the bag is under the table
below	lower than something else but above ground	the fish are below the surface
over	covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle	put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall
above	higher than something else, but not directly over it	a path above the lake
across	getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side	walk across the bridge swim across the lake
through	something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	drive through the tunnel
to	the movement to a person or building movement to a place or country for bed	go to the cinema go to Madurai go to bed
towards	movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	go 5 steps towards the house
onto	a movement to the top of something	jump onto the table
from	in the sense of where from	a flower from the garden

Other Important Prepositions

English	Usage	Example
from	who gave it	a present from John
of	who/what does it belong to what does it show	a page of the book the picture of a palace
by	who made it	a book by Mark Twain
on	walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle	on foot, on horseback get on the bus
in	entering a car / Taxi	get in the car
off	leaving a public transport vehicle	get off the train
out of	leaving a car / Taxi	get out of the taxi
by	rise or fall of something traveling (other than walking or horseriding)	prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus
at	for age	she learned Russian at 15
about	for topics, meaning what about	we were talking about you
on	days of the week	on Monday
in	months/seasons period of the day year after a certain period of time (when?)	in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour
at	for night for a weekend a certain point of time (when?)	at night at the weekend at half-past nine
since	the starting point of time (past till now)	since 1980
for	total period/duration of time (past till now)	for 2 years
ago	a certain time in the past	2 years ago
before	earlier than a certain point of time	before 2004
to	telling the time	ten to six (5:50)
past	telling the time	ten past six (6:10)
to / till / until	marking the beginning and end of a period of time	from Monday to/till Friday
till /until	in the sense of how long something is going to last	He is on holiday until Friday.
by	in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time	I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o’clock, I had read five pages.

List Of Prepositions
While there are only about 150 prepositions in the English language, these words are among the most important. Without them, the sentences we speak, read, and write would be difficult to understand. The following list of prepositions is not a complete one, however, it is among the most comprehensive lists of prepositions available anywhere.

aboard	before	except	on	towards
about	behind	excepting	onto	under
above	below	excluding	opposite	underneath
absent	beneath	failing	outside	unlike
across	beside	following	over	until
after	besides	for	past	up
against	between	from	per	upon
along	beyond	given	plus	versus
alongside	but	in	regarding	via
amid	by	inside	round	with
among	circa	into	since	within
amongst	concerning	like	than	without
anti	considering	minus	through	worth
around	despite	near	to
as	down	of	toward
at	during	off

1.	in	Place	Chennai is in India.
		Time	He will go in June.
2.	on	Place	The telephone is on the table.
		Time	He will pay the fee on Monday.
3.	at	Place	It is cold at Ooty.
		Time	I get up at 6 a.m.
4.	for	Time	He has been reading for 3 hours.
		with noun	My uncle works for a foreigner.
5.	by	Time	They will finish the work by noon.
		Place	The resort is by the sea coast.
		with norm	The order was given by the manager.
6.	from	Time	The clinic works from 9 a.m.
		Place	Mr John is from England.
		with noun	We import goods from many lands.
7.	to	Time	You can meet him from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m.
		Place	We go to Courtallam in August.
		with noun	He sent the request to the Principal.

Exercises
(i) Fill the gap with the correct prepositions.
1. We live Chennai.
Answer:
in

2. Would you like to go the library?
Answer:
to

3. No, thanks. I was the library yesterday.
Answer:
at

4. We are going a holiday next week.
Answer:
on

5. There is a bridge the river.
Answer:
across

6. The train Chennai Madurai is the station.
Answer:
from, to, in

7. my wall, there are many picture postcards.
Answer:
on

8. Who is the person in this picture?
Answer:
in

9. Come the hall, we shall watch TV.
Answer:
into

10. Elgin lies 530 meters sea level.
Answer:
above

11. The bone was the dog.
Answer:
for

12. We are going on vacation August.
Answer:
on, in

13. Please put the vase the table.
Answer:
on

14. received a present Janaki.
Answer:
from

15. School begins Monday.
Answer:
on

(ii) Complete the exercise with appropriate prepositions.
1. Compare your answers your partner.
Answer:
with

2. This key holder is very special me.
Answer:
for

3. Apples and oranges are the same box.
Answer:
in

4. Write me soon.
Answer:
to

5. Have you got a piece paper?
Answer:
of

6. What’s the calculator for? It is my exam.
Answer:
for

7. I’m tall black hair and brown eyes.
Answer:
with

8. We have a house a big backyard.

9. I come a big family.
Answer:
with

10. Match the pictures the names.
Answer:
from

11. Is your house the country?
Answer:
with

12. Guess what I have my hand?
Answer:
in

13. I have to color pens. what you?
Answer:
about

(iii) Fill in the prepositions.
1. The cat hid the door.
(a) behind (b) under (c) on
Answer:
(a) behind

2. Mv uncle will visit me May.
(a) at (b) in (c) on
Answer:
(b) in

3. Wait there I come.
(a) behind (b) until (c) near
Answer:
(b) until

4. Hang the charts the wall.
(a) in (b) on (c) by
Answer:
(b) on

5. I have been practicing morning.
(a) by (b) for (c) since
Answer:
(c) since

6. The baby has been sleeping for a long time.
(a) for (b) since (c) at
Answer:
(a) for

7. The work will be over this evening.
(a) on (b) by (c) in
Answer:
(b) by

8. We could not get help anyone.
(a) from (b) till (c) in
Answer:
(a) from

9. The ladder is placed the wall.
(a) on (b) upon (c) against
Answer:
(c) against

10. The people stood the road to watch the procession go by.
(a) across (b) along (c) on
Answer:
(b) along